AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the reversal effect of emodin on platinum resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: After the addition of 10 μmol/L emodin to HepG2/oxaliplatin (OXA) cel...AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the reversal effect of emodin on platinum resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: After the addition of 10 μmol/L emodin to HepG2/oxaliplatin (OXA) cells, the inhibition rate (IR), 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) and reversal index (IC 50 in experimental group/IC 50 in control group) were calculated. For HepG2, HepG2/OXA, HepG2/OXA/T, each cell line was divided into a control group, OXA group, OXA + fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) group and OXA + emodin group, and the final concentrations of FGF7, emodin and OXA in each group were 5 ng/mL, 10 μg/mL and 10 μmol/L, respectively. Single-cell gel electrophoresis was conducted to detect DNA damage, and the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and excision repair cross-complementing gene 1 (ERCC1) protein expression levels in each group were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the IC50 of 120.78 μmol/L in HepG2/OXA cells, the IC 50 decreased to 39.65 μmol/L after treatment with 10 μmol/L emodin; thus, the reversal index was 3.05. Compared with the control group, the tail length and Olive tail length in the OXA group, OXA + FGF7 group and OXA + emodin group were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The tail length and Olive tail length were lower in the OXA + FGF7 group than in the OXA group, and this difference was also statistically significant. Compared with the OXA + FGF7 group, the tail extent, the Olive tail moment and the percentage of tail DNA were significantly increased in the OXA + emodin group, and these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). In comparison with its parental cell line HepG2, the HepG2/OXA cells demonstrated significantly increased FGFR2, p-ERK1/2 and ERCC1 expression levels, whereas the expression of all three molecules was significantly inhibited in HepG2/ OXA/T cells, in which FGFR2 was silenced by FGFR2 shRNA. In the examined HepG2 cells, the FGFR2, p-ERK1/2 and ERCC1 expression levels demonstrated increasing trends in the OXA group and OXA + FGF7 group. Compared with the OXA group and OXA + FGF7 group, the FGFR2, p-ERK1/2, and ERCC1 expression levels were significantly lower in the OXA + emodin group, and these differences were statistically significant. In the HepG2/OXA/T cell line that was transfected with FGFR2 shRNA, the FGFR2, p-ERK1/2 and ERCC1 expression levels were significantly inhibited, but there were no significant differences in these expression levels among the OXA, OXA + FGF7 and OXA + emodin groups. CONCLUSION: Emodin markedly reversed OXA resistance by enhancing OXA DNA damage in HepG2/OXA cells, and the molecular mechanism was related to the inhibitory effect on ERCC1 expression being mediated by the FGFR2/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.展开更多
There is evidence that the expression of members of the fibroblast growth factor （FGF） protein family is altered in post-mortem brains of humans suffering from major depressive disorder. The present study examined w...There is evidence that the expression of members of the fibroblast growth factor （FGF） protein family is altered in post-mortem brains of humans suffering from major depressive disorder. The present study examined whether the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 （FGF2） and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 （FGFR1） protein is altered following chronic stress in an animal model. Rats were exposed to 35 days of chronic unpredictable mild stress, and then tested using open-field and sucrose consumption tests. Compared with the control group, rats in the chronic stress group exhibited obvious depressive-like behaviors, including anhedonia, anxiety and decreased mobility. The results of western blot analysis and immunohistochemical analysis revealed a downregulation of the expression of FGF2 and FGFR1 in the hippocampus of rats, particularly in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus. This decreased expression is in accord with the results of post-mortem studies in humans with major depressive disorder. These findings suggest that FGF2 and FGFR1 proteins participate in the pathophysiology of depressive-like behavior, and may play an important role in the mechanism of chronic stress-induced depression.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether nintedanib can inhibit pterygium cells through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathway.METHODS:Human primary pterygium cells were cul...AIM:To investigate whether nintedanib can inhibit pterygium cells through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathway.METHODS:Human primary pterygium cells were cultured in vitro.After treatment with nintedanib,the cell morphology was observed under microscopy,the morphological changes of the nucleus were observed after DAPI staining,apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V FITC/PI double staining,and the changes of apoptosis-associated proteins were detected by Western blot.The binding ability of nintedanib to FGFR2 was predicted by molecular docking.Finally,by silencing FGFR2,we explored whether nintedanib inhibited FGFR2/ERK pathway.RESULTS:The results showed that nintedanib inhibited the growth of pterygium cells and caused nuclear pyknosis.The results of Annexin-VFITC/PI double staining showed that nintedanib was able to induce early and late apoptosis of pterygium cells,significantly increasing the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins Bax and cleaved-Caspase3(P<0.05),and reducing the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.05).In addition,nintedanib significantly inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation through FGFR2(P<0.05).After silencing the expression of FGFR2,there was no significant difference in the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by nintedanib(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Nintedanib induces apoptosis of pterygium cells by inhibiting FGFR2/ERK pathway.展开更多
目的探讨接受根治性肝切除术治疗的肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)患者肿瘤组织成纤维细胞生长因子受体2表达及其与预后的关系。方法2017年3月~2022年4月我院诊治的ICC患者56例,均接受肝叶切除术治疗,随访1年。采用免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织FGFR2表...目的探讨接受根治性肝切除术治疗的肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)患者肿瘤组织成纤维细胞生长因子受体2表达及其与预后的关系。方法2017年3月~2022年4月我院诊治的ICC患者56例,均接受肝叶切除术治疗,随访1年。采用免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织FGFR2表达。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响无病生存期(DFS)的因素。结果本组肿瘤组织FGFR2阳性15例(26.8%),阴性41例(73.2%);FGFR2阳性组发生微血管侵袭比例为66.7%,显著高于FGFR2阴性组的29.3%(P<0.05);FGFR2阳性组血清CEA水平为5.9(1.3,55.2)ng/mL,显著高于FGFR2阴性组【2.2(0.5,26.4)ng/mL,P<0.05】;术后随访1年,FGFR2阳性组1 a DFS为33.3%,显著低于FGFR2阴性组的58.5%(P<0.05);多因素分析发现,最大肿瘤直径、肿瘤部位和FGFR2阳性表达是影响患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论FGFR2高表达可能是ICC患者术后肿瘤复发的危险因素,针对这类患者有必要采取更加科学的随访计划和管理措施。展开更多
目的:探讨纤维细胞生长因子受体2(FGFR2)基因rs2981582位点单链核苷酸多态性与中国女性乳腺癌易感性之间的关系。方法:利用Tm-shifting实时荧光定量PCR检测FGFR2基因rs2981582位点SNP(C/T),用荧光染料SYBR Green Ⅰ标记样本DNA,通过在...目的:探讨纤维细胞生长因子受体2(FGFR2)基因rs2981582位点单链核苷酸多态性与中国女性乳腺癌易感性之间的关系。方法:利用Tm-shifting实时荧光定量PCR检测FGFR2基因rs2981582位点SNP(C/T),用荧光染料SYBR Green Ⅰ标记样本DNA,通过在特异引物5′端加上不同长度的尾,使不同基因型溶解曲线的峰值出现差异。确定判断标准:Tm≤84.6℃的是纯合子CC,≥87.5℃的是纯合子TT,处于中间的是杂合子TC。利用此方法对956例乳腺癌患者和471例良性乳腺疾病患者进行病例对照研究,分析FGFR2基因rs2981582位点SNP与乳腺癌发生之间的关系。结果:对照组CC、CT、TF各基因型表达的例数及基因频率分别为234例(49.68%)、181例(38.43%)、56例(11.89%)。乳腺癌组总体各基因型例数及基因频率分别为426例(44.56%)、400例(41.84%)、130例(13.60%),与对照组比较无统计学意义(P=0.183)。进一步分层分析发现,ER(+)组各基因型例数及基因频率分别为189例(41.27%)、202例(46.12%)、67例(14.63%),与对照组比较有统计学意义(P=0.035);而ER(-)组各基因型及基因频率分别为237例(47.59%)、198例(39.75%)、63例(12.65%),与对照组比较无统计学意义(P=0.802)。结论:FGFR2基因第二内含子SNP rs2981582与ER阳性乳腺癌的发生有显著关系,同时验证了用本方法检测大批量人群标本的SNP操作简便,检测耗时短,结果特异且费用较为低廉,适合于进行大规模样品的SNP快速测定。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China,No. 81001067the Ministry of Science and Technology International Cooperation Project, No. 2010DFA31870the AstraZeneca Special Research Foundation for Targeted Therapy of the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation, No. 320.6700.09068
文摘AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the reversal effect of emodin on platinum resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: After the addition of 10 μmol/L emodin to HepG2/oxaliplatin (OXA) cells, the inhibition rate (IR), 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) and reversal index (IC 50 in experimental group/IC 50 in control group) were calculated. For HepG2, HepG2/OXA, HepG2/OXA/T, each cell line was divided into a control group, OXA group, OXA + fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) group and OXA + emodin group, and the final concentrations of FGF7, emodin and OXA in each group were 5 ng/mL, 10 μg/mL and 10 μmol/L, respectively. Single-cell gel electrophoresis was conducted to detect DNA damage, and the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and excision repair cross-complementing gene 1 (ERCC1) protein expression levels in each group were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the IC50 of 120.78 μmol/L in HepG2/OXA cells, the IC 50 decreased to 39.65 μmol/L after treatment with 10 μmol/L emodin; thus, the reversal index was 3.05. Compared with the control group, the tail length and Olive tail length in the OXA group, OXA + FGF7 group and OXA + emodin group were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The tail length and Olive tail length were lower in the OXA + FGF7 group than in the OXA group, and this difference was also statistically significant. Compared with the OXA + FGF7 group, the tail extent, the Olive tail moment and the percentage of tail DNA were significantly increased in the OXA + emodin group, and these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). In comparison with its parental cell line HepG2, the HepG2/OXA cells demonstrated significantly increased FGFR2, p-ERK1/2 and ERCC1 expression levels, whereas the expression of all three molecules was significantly inhibited in HepG2/ OXA/T cells, in which FGFR2 was silenced by FGFR2 shRNA. In the examined HepG2 cells, the FGFR2, p-ERK1/2 and ERCC1 expression levels demonstrated increasing trends in the OXA group and OXA + FGF7 group. Compared with the OXA group and OXA + FGF7 group, the FGFR2, p-ERK1/2, and ERCC1 expression levels were significantly lower in the OXA + emodin group, and these differences were statistically significant. In the HepG2/OXA/T cell line that was transfected with FGFR2 shRNA, the FGFR2, p-ERK1/2 and ERCC1 expression levels were significantly inhibited, but there were no significant differences in these expression levels among the OXA, OXA + FGF7 and OXA + emodin groups. CONCLUSION: Emodin markedly reversed OXA resistance by enhancing OXA DNA damage in HepG2/OXA cells, and the molecular mechanism was related to the inhibitory effect on ERCC1 expression being mediated by the FGFR2/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
文摘There is evidence that the expression of members of the fibroblast growth factor （FGF） protein family is altered in post-mortem brains of humans suffering from major depressive disorder. The present study examined whether the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 （FGF2） and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 （FGFR1） protein is altered following chronic stress in an animal model. Rats were exposed to 35 days of chronic unpredictable mild stress, and then tested using open-field and sucrose consumption tests. Compared with the control group, rats in the chronic stress group exhibited obvious depressive-like behaviors, including anhedonia, anxiety and decreased mobility. The results of western blot analysis and immunohistochemical analysis revealed a downregulation of the expression of FGF2 and FGFR1 in the hippocampus of rats, particularly in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus. This decreased expression is in accord with the results of post-mortem studies in humans with major depressive disorder. These findings suggest that FGF2 and FGFR1 proteins participate in the pathophysiology of depressive-like behavior, and may play an important role in the mechanism of chronic stress-induced depression.
文摘AIM:To investigate whether nintedanib can inhibit pterygium cells through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathway.METHODS:Human primary pterygium cells were cultured in vitro.After treatment with nintedanib,the cell morphology was observed under microscopy,the morphological changes of the nucleus were observed after DAPI staining,apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V FITC/PI double staining,and the changes of apoptosis-associated proteins were detected by Western blot.The binding ability of nintedanib to FGFR2 was predicted by molecular docking.Finally,by silencing FGFR2,we explored whether nintedanib inhibited FGFR2/ERK pathway.RESULTS:The results showed that nintedanib inhibited the growth of pterygium cells and caused nuclear pyknosis.The results of Annexin-VFITC/PI double staining showed that nintedanib was able to induce early and late apoptosis of pterygium cells,significantly increasing the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins Bax and cleaved-Caspase3(P<0.05),and reducing the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.05).In addition,nintedanib significantly inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation through FGFR2(P<0.05).After silencing the expression of FGFR2,there was no significant difference in the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by nintedanib(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Nintedanib induces apoptosis of pterygium cells by inhibiting FGFR2/ERK pathway.
文摘目的探讨接受根治性肝切除术治疗的肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)患者肿瘤组织成纤维细胞生长因子受体2表达及其与预后的关系。方法2017年3月~2022年4月我院诊治的ICC患者56例,均接受肝叶切除术治疗,随访1年。采用免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织FGFR2表达。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响无病生存期(DFS)的因素。结果本组肿瘤组织FGFR2阳性15例(26.8%),阴性41例(73.2%);FGFR2阳性组发生微血管侵袭比例为66.7%,显著高于FGFR2阴性组的29.3%(P<0.05);FGFR2阳性组血清CEA水平为5.9(1.3,55.2)ng/mL,显著高于FGFR2阴性组【2.2(0.5,26.4)ng/mL,P<0.05】;术后随访1年,FGFR2阳性组1 a DFS为33.3%,显著低于FGFR2阴性组的58.5%(P<0.05);多因素分析发现,最大肿瘤直径、肿瘤部位和FGFR2阳性表达是影响患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论FGFR2高表达可能是ICC患者术后肿瘤复发的危险因素,针对这类患者有必要采取更加科学的随访计划和管理措施。
文摘目的:探讨纤维细胞生长因子受体2(FGFR2)基因rs2981582位点单链核苷酸多态性与中国女性乳腺癌易感性之间的关系。方法:利用Tm-shifting实时荧光定量PCR检测FGFR2基因rs2981582位点SNP(C/T),用荧光染料SYBR Green Ⅰ标记样本DNA,通过在特异引物5′端加上不同长度的尾,使不同基因型溶解曲线的峰值出现差异。确定判断标准:Tm≤84.6℃的是纯合子CC,≥87.5℃的是纯合子TT,处于中间的是杂合子TC。利用此方法对956例乳腺癌患者和471例良性乳腺疾病患者进行病例对照研究,分析FGFR2基因rs2981582位点SNP与乳腺癌发生之间的关系。结果:对照组CC、CT、TF各基因型表达的例数及基因频率分别为234例(49.68%)、181例(38.43%)、56例(11.89%)。乳腺癌组总体各基因型例数及基因频率分别为426例(44.56%)、400例(41.84%)、130例(13.60%),与对照组比较无统计学意义(P=0.183)。进一步分层分析发现,ER(+)组各基因型例数及基因频率分别为189例(41.27%)、202例(46.12%)、67例(14.63%),与对照组比较有统计学意义(P=0.035);而ER(-)组各基因型及基因频率分别为237例(47.59%)、198例(39.75%)、63例(12.65%),与对照组比较无统计学意义(P=0.802)。结论:FGFR2基因第二内含子SNP rs2981582与ER阳性乳腺癌的发生有显著关系,同时验证了用本方法检测大批量人群标本的SNP操作简便,检测耗时短,结果特异且费用较为低廉,适合于进行大规模样品的SNP快速测定。
