Synthesis of Nonlinear Control of Switching Topologies of Buck-Boost Converter Using Fuzzy Logic on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

An intelligent fuzzy logic inference pipeline for the control of a dc-dc buck-boost converter was designed and built using a semi-custom VLSI chip. The fuzzy linguistics describing the switching topologies of the converter was mapped into a look-up table that was synthesized into a set of Boolean equations. A VLSI chip–a field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used to implement the Boolean equations. Features include the size of RAM chip independent of number of rules in the knowledge base, on-chip fuzzification and defuzzification, faster response with speeds over giga fuzzy logic inferences per sec (FLIPS), and an inexpensive VLSI chip. The key application areas are: 1) on-chip integrated controllers;and 2) on-chip co-integration for entire system of sensors, circuits, controllers, and detectors for building complete instrument systems.

A New Design Method for Variable Digital Filter Based on Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)

In order to obtain variable characteristics,the digital filter's type,number of taps and coefficients should be changed constantly such that the desired frequency-domain characteristics can be obtained.This paper proposes a method for self-programmable variable digital filter(VDF) design based on field programmable gate array(FPGA).We implement a digital filter system by using custom embedded micro-processor,programmable finite impulse response(P-FIR) macro module,coefficient-loader,clock manager and analog/digital(A/D) or digital/analog(D/A) controller and other modules.The self-programmable VDF can provide the best solution for realization of digital filter algorithms,which are the low-pass,high-pass,band-pass and band-stop filter algorithms with variable frequency domain characteristics.The design examples with minimum 1 to maximum 32 taps FIR filter,based on Modelsim post-routed simulation and onboard running on XUPV5-LX110T,are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Fault Prediction and Diagnosis of Warship Equipment Field Programmable Gate Array Software

In order to solve the current high failure rate of warship equipment field programmable gate array( FPGA) software,fault detection is not timely enough and FPGA detection equipment is expensive and so on. After in-depth research,this paper proposes a warship equipment FPGA software based on Xilinx integrated development environment( ISE) and ModelSim software.Functional simulation and timing simulation to verify the correctness of the logic design of the FPGA,this method is very convenient to view the signal waveform inside the FPGA program to help FPGA test engineers to achieve FPGA fault prediction and diagnosis. This test method has important engineering significance for the upgrading of warship equipment.

MIXED-GRAINED CMOS FIELD PROGRAMMABLE ANALOG ARRAY FOR SMART SENSORY APPLICATIONS

The drive towards shorter design cycles for analog integrated circuits has given impetus to the development of Field Programmable Analog Arrays(FPAAs),which are the analogue counterparts of Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs).In this paper,we present a new design methodology which using FPAA as a powerful analog front-end processing platform in the smart sensory microsystem.The proposed FPAA contains 16 homogeneous mixed-grained Configurable Analog Blocks(CABs) which house a variety of processing elements especially the proposed fine-grained Core Configurable Amplifiers(CCAs).The high flexible CABs allow the FPAA operating in both continuous-time and discrete-time approaches suitable to support variety of sensors.To reduce the nonideal parasitic effects and save area,the fat-tree interconnection network is adopted in this FPAA.The functionality of this FPAA is demonstrated through embedding of voltage and capacitive sensor signal readout circuits and a configurable band pass filter.The minimal detectable voltage and capacitor achieves 38 uV and 8.3 aF respectively within 100 Hz sensor bandwidth.The power consumption comparison of CCA in three applications shows that the FPAA has high power efficiency.And the simulation results also show that the FPAA has good tolerance with wide PVT variations.

FPGA-Based Efficient Programmable Polyphase FIR Filter

The modelling, design and implementation of a high-speed programmable polyphase finite impulse response (FIR) filter with field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology are described. This FIR filter can run automatically according to the programmable configuration word including symmetry/asymmetry, odd/even taps, from 32 taps up to 256 taps. The filter with 12 bit signal and 12 bit coefficient word-length has been realized on a Xilinx VirtexⅡ-v1500 device and operates at the maximum sampling frequency of (160 MHz.)

Design and verification of an FPGA programmable logic element based on Sense-Switch pFLASH

This paper proposes a kind of programmable logic element(PLE)based on Sense-Switch pFLASH technology.By programming Sense-Switch pFLASH,all three-bit look-up table(LUT3)functions,partial four-bit look-up table(LUT4)functions,latch functions,and d flip flop(DFF)with enable and reset functions can be realized.Because PLE uses a choice of operational logic(COOL)approach for the operation of logic functions,it allows any logic circuit to be implemented at any ratio of combinatorial logic to register.This intrinsic property makes it close to the basic application specific integrated circuit(ASIC)cell in terms of fine granularity,thus allowing ASIC-like cell-based mappers to apply all their optimization potential.By measuring Sense-Switch pFLASH and PLE circuits,the results show that the“on”state driving current of the Sense-Switch pFLASH is about 245.52μA,and that the“off”state leakage current is about 0.1 pA.The programmable function of PLE works normally.The delay of the typical combinatorial logic operation AND3 is 0.69 ns,and the delay of the sequential logic operation DFF is 0.65 ns,both of which meet the requirements of the design technical index.

Machine learning algorithm partially reconfigured on FPGA for an image edge detection system

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have been widely used in military,medical,wireless communications,aerial surveillance,etc.One key topic involving UAVs is pose estimation in autonomous navigation.A standard procedure for this process is to combine inertial navigation system sensor information with the global navigation satellite system(GNSS)signal.However,some factors can interfere with the GNSS signal,such as ionospheric scintillation,jamming,or spoofing.One alternative method to avoid using the GNSS signal is to apply an image processing approach by matching UAV images with georeferenced images.But a high effort is required for image edge extraction.Here a support vector regression(SVR)model is proposed to reduce this computational load and processing time.The dynamic partial reconfiguration(DPR)of part of the SVR datapath is implemented to accelerate the process,reduce the area,and analyze its granularity by increasing the grain size of the reconfigurable region.Results show that the implementation in hardware is 68 times faster than that in software.This architecture with DPR also facilitates the low power consumption of 4 mW,leading to a reduction of 57%than that without DPR.This is also the lowest power consumption in current machine learning hardware implementations.Besides,the circuitry area is 41 times smaller.SVR with Gaussian kernel shows a success rate of 99.18%and minimum square error of 0.0146 for testing with the planning trajectory.This system is useful for adaptive applications where the user/designer can modify/reconfigure the hardware layout during its application,thus contributing to lower power consumption,smaller hardware area,and shorter execution time.

GJB 5000B在FPGA工程中的应用分析

为引入软件工程化管理办法对设计开发实践实施管理,结合GJB 5000B体系要求,对现场可编程逻辑门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)的设计开发流程和GJB 5000B的工程实践要求进行梳理、比对和分析,并提出一套FPGA开发管理在GJB 5000B推进实践中的实施办法。研究成果可为GJB 5000B在FPGA工程中的应用提供一定参考。

FPGA器件设计技术发展综述

现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)作为一种可编程逻辑器件,在短短二十多年里从电子设计的外围器件逐渐演变为数字系统的核心,在计算机硬件、通信、航空航天和汽车电子等诸多领域有着广泛的应用。伴随着半导体工艺技术的进步,FPGA器件的设计技术取得了飞跃性突破。该文在回顾FPGA发展历史的同时,对目前主流FPGA器件的前沿技术进行总结,并对新一代FPGA的发展前景进行展望。

采用FPGA控制的IGBT串联高压调制器的研制

高压调制器在脉冲功率技术中有很重要的作用,而IGBT串联是固态调制器技术发展的趋势。电路分布参数及各单元电路参数的差别制约可靠性,严重时将造成IGBT在开通、关断过程中集射极间的电压超过额定值而遭损坏。为此,在新的RCD动态均压电路的基础上,利用FPGA和VHDL设计了IGBT驱动信号分配电路,实现了串联IGBT各单元精确延时开通与关断控制、逻辑综合保护,并结合驱动电路完成了缺电、过流、过压保护等。工程上结合中国环流二号装置NBI抑制极电源要求,设计了12 kV/20 A的调制器。实验结果表明,该方法是一种有效的主动式动态均压方法,能为更高电压、电流等级的固态调制器设计提供好的参考与工程应用基础。

基于DSP与FPGA的变流器通用控制平台研究

提出一种基于DSP和现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)双CPU结构的新型变流器控制系统方案,其中DSP完成变流器控制策略的实现,主要包括:最大功率点跟踪、电压电流双闭环控制、低电压穿越控制、通信功能;FPGA完成三相锁相环控制、AD芯片采样控制、SVPWM波形控制、逻辑输出控制以及各类故障信号检测与停机保护功能,并采用了基于WIFI模块的风电故障信息传输系统。以双馈风电变流器为模型,设计了双馈风力发电变流器系统,完成了两电平与三电平SVPWM控制算法的FPGA实现。最后在自主研发的1.5 MW,2 MW双馈式变流器样机与光伏逆变器样机上进行了大量实验和长期的现场试运行,验证了控制系统平台的可行性与实用性。

SRAM型FPGA单粒子辐照试验系统技术研究

单粒子辐射效应严重制约FPGA的空间应用,为提高FPGA在辐射环境中的可靠性,深入研究抗辐射加固FPGA单粒子效应评估方法,设计优化单粒子效应评估方案,开发相应的评估系统,提出基于SRAM时序修正的码流存储比较技术和基于SelectMAP端口配置回读技术。借助国内高能量大注量率的辐照试验环境,完成FPGA单粒子翻转(SEU)、单粒子闩锁(SEL)和单粒子功能中断(SEFI)等单粒子效应的检测,试验结果表明,该方法可以科学有效地对SRAM型FPGA抗单粒子辐射性能进行评估。

CPLD/FPGA的发展与应用之比较

可编程逻辑器件(Programmable Logic Device,PLD)是一种可由用户对其进行编程的大规模通用集成电路[1]。从PLD的发展历程着眼,主要对PLD的2个发展分支———复杂可编程逻辑器件和现场可编程门阵列的基本结构、功能优势和应用场合进行了较详尽的分析和比较;并从结构和定义上指出二者的区别,同时根据不同技术要求和设计环境指出了相应的CPLD和FPGA的选择方法,最后给出了PLD最新研究热点和未来的发展趋势。

FPGA被动并行配置控制器的研究与实现

为了快速方便地配置FPGA,文章提出了使用Flash存储FPGA的配置数据,再由CPLD控制Flash将存储的数据采用并行方式下载到FPGA的方法。由于Flash掉电后数据不会丢失,这样就解决了FPGA掉电易失的问题。该文给出了具体的硬件电路和软件模块的编程思路,通过仿真测试表明本设计的可行性。

阻塞斩波三相交交变频电源的FPGA控制实现

变频技术是重要的节能技术,所以针对低频或转速不恒定的节能设备,提出了基于FPGA数字控制的三相交交直接变频电源技术。用VHDL语言对主控芯片FPGA编写程序,其输出的高频SPWM信号经驱动电路后作为电源和负载间开关MOSFET的控制信号。MOSFET周期性地部分阻塞电源不能达到负载来改变输出电压的频率,同时在放行的时区斩波来改变输出电压的幅值。基于Matlab仿真平台,对系统进行了建模和仿真,仿真结果验证了该技术的正确性。最后给出了频率为7.14 Hz和2.63 Hz的实验波形,实验结果证明了该技术的可行性。

FPGA测试技术及ATE实现

随着FPGA的规模和复杂性的增加,测试显得尤为重要。介绍了SRAM型FPGA的结构概况及FPGA的测试方法,以Xilinx公司的spartan3系列芯片为例,利用检测可编程逻辑资源的多逻辑单元(CLB)混合故障的测试方法,阐述了如何在自动测试系统(ATE)上实现FPGA的在线配置以及功能和参数测试,为FPGA面向应用的测试提供了一种可行的方法。

基于BIST方法的新型FPGA芯片CLB功能测试方法

新型FPGA普遍使用了6输入查找表以实现可编程逻辑,如Xilinx公司的Virtex 5系列、Ultrascale系列等.由于I/O数量有限,针对这些芯片的CLB功能测试,可选择ILA级联测试法并利用位流回读进行故障定位,但由于CLB存在路径互斥,覆盖所有故障所需配置较多,而位流回读较为缓慢,限制了定位速度.BIST测试法通过直接检测CLB的输出来发现故障,所需配置数量少于ILA级联法,但需要将测试激励传递到所有BUT导致端口负载大,布线存在困难.本文提出了一种将ORA中闲置资源配置为锁存器链,以便传递测试激励的方法.该方法降低了端口负载.同时利用剩余的逻辑资源建立扫描链,大幅加快了故障定位速度.在Xilinx 7系列FPGA上的实验结果表明,与其他文献所用测试方案比较,测试所需配置次数由30次降低到26次,故障定位所需时间在2.4MHz时钟驱动下可达61.35ns.

基于FPGA的选择呼叫信号源设计

基于FPGA的选择呼叫信号源主要应用于机载音频管理系统的地面测试设备中,具有飞机地面测定设备的选择呼叫功能。该信号源采用模块化的设计方法将选择呼叫代码的解码、DDS技术以及对选择呼叫信号发送时序的控制集成于一块FPGA芯片中,应用单片机控制USB模块识别/接收虚拟控制面板发送的数据。在机载电子设备自动测试过程中,可以根据需要精确稳定地产生选择呼叫音频信号,提高自动测试系统的可靠性。

高频感应加热全数字锁相环的分析与FPGA实现

全数字锁相环存在非线性部件,传递函数难以表达。通过Z域分析法选择合适的参数,分析了触发器型全数字锁相环的工作原理,得出Z域闭环传递函数,并以此研究了锁相环的全局稳定性和稳态误差,提出了各参数的约束条件。采用Xilinx ISim仿真与FPGA逻辑器件验证相结合的方法实现了一种单相全数字锁相环,并给出实验结果。结果表明,该锁相环具有锁相范围宽、动态响应快和稳态误差小的特点,具有一定的应用价值。

嵌入式GPS接收机系统的FPGA配置方法研究

给出了嵌入式GPS接收机系统的整体设计,重点研究了系统中FPGA的不同配置方法,提出了利用CPLD和Platform Flash、SPI Flash、Intel NOR Flash实现对FPGA进行不同配置的方法,详细分析了每种配置方法的特点,给出具体的硬件电路设计,并重点研究了利用Intel NOR Flash进行BPI配置的流程以及配置时应注意的问题。这些配置方式在研究的嵌入式GPS接收机系统中得到了成功的应用,而且也适用于其他的类似系统。