A Lateral Regulator Diode with Field Plates for Light-Emitting-Diode Lighting

A lateral current regulator diode （CRD） with field plates is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed CFtD is based on the junction field-effect transistor （JFET） structure. A cathode field plate is adopted to alleviate the channel-length modulation effect and to improve the saturated I-V characteristics. An anode field plate is induced to achieve a high breakdown voltage VB of the CRD. The influence of the key device parameters on the I-V characteristics of the lateral CRD are discussed. Experimental results show that the proposed CRD presents good I-V characteristics with a high VB about 180 V and a low knee voltage （Vk） below 3 V. Furthermore, the proposed CRD has a negative temperature coefficient. The well characteristic of the proposed CRD makes it a cost-effective solution for light-emitting-diode lighting.

A REVIEW OF PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES ADDRESSING THE EXPOSURE OF OCCUPANTS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD RADIATION(EMFR)IN BUILDINGS

A significant share of the technology that has emerged over the past several decades produces electromagnetic field(EMFR)radiation.Communications devices,household appliances,industrial equipment,and medical equipment and devices all produce EMFR with a variety of frequencies,strengths,and ranges.Some EMFR,such as Extremely Low Frequency(ELF),Radio Frequency(RF),and Ionizing Range(IR)radiation have been shown to have harmful effects on human health.Depending on the frequency and strength of the radiation,EMFR can have health effects at the cellular level as well as at brain,nervous,and cardiovascular levels.Health authorities have enacted regulations locally and globally to set critical values to limit the adverse effects of EMFR.By introducing a more comprehensive field of EMFR study and practice,architects and designers can design for a safer electromagnetic(EM)indoor environment,and,as building and construction specialists,will be able to monitor and reduce EM radiation.This paper identifies the nature of EMFR in the built environment,the various EMFR sources,and its human health effects.It addresses European and US regulations for EMFR in buildings and provides a preliminary action plan.The challenges of developing measurement protocols for the various EMFR frequency ranges and determining the effects of EMFR on building occu-pants are discussed.This paper argues that a mature method for measuring EMFR in building environments and linking these measurements to human health impacts will foster occupant health and lead to the adequate development of safeguards for occupants of buildings in future research.

Regulation technique in soil moisture at paddy field

Early cultivator Zhongzao 1(indica)and late rice cultivar Xiushui 2(japonica)were used for field experiments.Seedlings were transplantedon May 13 and Jun 28 respectively in spaced at5 cm between row and 4 cm within row with 4plants per hill.Treatments were started at thetime when the young plants had 80~ available

Ionic liquid gating control of planar Hall effect in Ni80Fe20/HfO2 heterostructures

We report a tunable transverse magnetoresistance of the planar Hall effect(PHE),up to 48%in the Ni80Fe20/HfO2 heterostructures.This control is achieved by applying a gate voltage with an ionic liquid technique at ultra-low voltage,which exhibits a gate-dependent PHE.Moreover,in the range of 0-V to 1-V gate voltage,transverse magnetoresistance of PHE can be continuously regulated.Ferromagnetic resonance(FMR)also demonstrates the shift of the resonance field at low gate voltage.This provides a new method for the design of the electric field continuous control spintronics device with ultra-low energy consumption.

Synergistic Promotion of Electrical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties for Silicone Rubber-based Field Grading Material via Compound Modification

Use of nonlinearconductive SiC/silicone rubber(SR)field grading material(FGM)can improve the local field concentration of composite insulators.Adding large volume fraction and large-size SiC particles(SiCp)into SR can obtain a good field grading effect,but it is accompanied by the deterioration of mechanical properties.Compounding SiC with different shapes can solve this contradiction.By incorporating one-dimensional SiC whiskers(SiCw)to synergize with granular SiCp,SiC/SR FGM with better field-dependent conductivity,mechanical properties and thermal conductivity than large-size SiCp and large volume fraction filling case can be obtained by using smaller size SiCp and lower filling contents.The simulations of 500 kv line insulators show that the modified SiC/SR FGM can reduce the maximum field strength along the insulator surface and at sheath-core rod interfaces by 55%and 71.4%,respectively.The combined application of FGM and grading ring can achieve a complementary effect.Using FGM to partially replace the role of the grading rings,the field strength indicators can still meet the operational requirements after the tube radius and shielding depth of the grading rings at both ends are reduced by 36.2%and 40%separately,which is a benefit to alleviating the problems of high weight and large volume faced by traditional field grading methods.

The strategies to improve TMDs represented by MoS_(2)electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction

The hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are the two half reactions that make up the over water splitting reaction.Increasing oxygen evolution reaction rate wound immensely raise the efficiency of over water splitting reaction because it is the rate limiting reaction in water splitting reaction.The key to improve OER performance is the development and utilization of advanced catalysts.As one of the most potential catalysts for HER,it has gradually attracted the attention of researchers in the aspect of catalytic OER.It is very necessary to review the research progress of Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)in catalytic OER to promote the research process in the field.In this review,we comprehensively and systematically summarized the strategies to improve TMDs electrocatalytic OER.First of all,structural regulation of TMDs-based electrocatalyst was summarized in detail,mainly including size engineering,defect engineering,doping engineering,phase engineering and heterojunction engineering.Once more,magnetic field regulation as a representative of external field regulation to improve TMDs electrocatalytic OER performance was discussed in depth.Last but not least,the strategies to improve TMDs electrocatalytic OER is prospected and some views on the development of this field are also put forward,which are expected to enhance the catalytic efficiency of TMDs for OER.

铌酸锂调控固态电解质电场结构促进锂离子高效传输

聚合物基固态电解质得益于其易加工性,最有希望应用于下一代固态锂金属电池.目前,聚合物基态电解质的离子电导率提升策略多为加入导锂陶瓷以构建离子传输通道,其提升程度有限.电场在锂离子输运过程中存在重要影响,目前研究中有关电场对锂离子传输的影响机制尚不明确.本文将兼具高离子电导率和高介电常数的铌酸锂嵌入聚偏氟乙烯基体中,设计了一种新型复合固态电解质.铌酸锂颗粒有效调节电解质内部电场结构,增强了离子输运方向电场强度,实现了离子电导率的大幅提升(7.39×10^(-4)S cm^(-1),25℃).该电解质匹配高镍正极和锂金属负极的固态电池可稳定循环1000次以上,容量保持率为72%.该研究为设计下一代固态锂电池用高离子电导复合固态电解质提供了新的策略.

Recent progress on garnet phosphor ceramics for high power solid-state lighting

As the fourth-generation light source,solid-state lighting has developed rapidly in the past 30 years due to its advantages of high efficiency and environmental protection.It is widely used in various scenes such as automobile headlights,projection displays,industrial production,and remote lighting.High-power,high-brightness white light-emitting diodes(LEDs)and laser diodes(LDs)technology put forward new requirements for the service stability of color conversion materials.Garnet phosphor ceramics have emerged with their unique advantages of withstanding high power excitation density and the flexibly tunable spectrum.In this article,the research progress of garnet based phosphor ceramics for high-power solid-state lighting was comprehensively reviewed.Firstly,the band gap and coordination environment regulations of luminescence centers of garnet phosphor were summarized.Secondly,the improvement of luminous efficacy via defects regulation was discussed.Thirdly,the relationship between the geometric design and the lighting performance was elucidated.Fourthly,the characterization methods of phosphor ceramics for laser lighting were introduced and illustrated.Finally,the development trend of garnet phosphor ceramics in solid state lighting and display was prospected.