Background: The investigation of an occupational outbreak, once the index case has been identified, triggers a stress situation to epidemiologists. Modelling occupational outbreaks will be useful to guide the field in...Background: The investigation of an occupational outbreak, once the index case has been identified, triggers a stress situation to epidemiologists. Modelling occupational outbreaks will be useful to guide the field investigation. Objective: To identify standard pathways for occupational epidemic outbreaks. Methods: In-depth critical appraisal of 57 occupational outbreaks. Standard pathways of occupational outbreaks were identified by analysing the similarity between out-breaks. The model’s accuracy and homogeneity were established through Fisher’s exact test and the Kappa Index. Results: The analysis allowed synthesizing the occupational outbreaks variability in 4 pathways. 92.98% of the analysed outbreaks could be allocated to one of those 4 types. The theoretical patterns showed a good adjustment with the analysed out-breaks: Type I (Kappa = 0.94 - 0.60), Type II (Kappa = 1.00), Type III (Kappa = 1.00 - 0.68) and Type IV (Kappa = 0.94 - 0.87). The probability of a given outbreak fitting with its three components in any of the theoretical pathways was 0.83. Conclusions: The incorporation of those pathways to the field occupational epidemiology will allow: 1) to provide early guidance to epidemiological, clinical and environmental studies focused on specific hypothesis of causality;2) to anticipate preventive measures;3) to contribute to an earlier and more efficient outbreak resolution.展开更多
Background:In this study,we present a case of Japanese spotted fever(JSF)caused by Rickettsia japonica and use this case to investigate the process of diagnosing and reintegrating traceability of infectious diseases v...Background:In this study,we present a case of Japanese spotted fever(JSF)caused by Rickettsia japonica and use this case to investigate the process of diagnosing and reintegrating traceability of infectious diseases via metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS).Methods:From data relating to epidemiological history,clinical and laboratory examinations,and mNGS se-quencing,a diagnosis of severe JSF was concluded.Results:A detailed field epidemiological investigation discovered parasitic Haemaphysalis longicornis from a host animal(dog)in the domicile of the patient,within which R.japonica was detected,along with a diverse array of other potentially pathogenic microorganisms that could cause other infectious diseases.Conclusion:The mNGS provided an efficient method to diagnose JSF infection.This methodology could also be applied to field epidemiological investigations to establish the traceability of infectious diseases.展开更多
文摘Background: The investigation of an occupational outbreak, once the index case has been identified, triggers a stress situation to epidemiologists. Modelling occupational outbreaks will be useful to guide the field investigation. Objective: To identify standard pathways for occupational epidemic outbreaks. Methods: In-depth critical appraisal of 57 occupational outbreaks. Standard pathways of occupational outbreaks were identified by analysing the similarity between out-breaks. The model’s accuracy and homogeneity were established through Fisher’s exact test and the Kappa Index. Results: The analysis allowed synthesizing the occupational outbreaks variability in 4 pathways. 92.98% of the analysed outbreaks could be allocated to one of those 4 types. The theoretical patterns showed a good adjustment with the analysed out-breaks: Type I (Kappa = 0.94 - 0.60), Type II (Kappa = 1.00), Type III (Kappa = 1.00 - 0.68) and Type IV (Kappa = 0.94 - 0.87). The probability of a given outbreak fitting with its three components in any of the theoretical pathways was 0.83. Conclusions: The incorporation of those pathways to the field occupational epidemiology will allow: 1) to provide early guidance to epidemiological, clinical and environmental studies focused on specific hypothesis of causality;2) to anticipate preventive measures;3) to contribute to an earlier and more efficient outbreak resolution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273689)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2024SF-YBXM-289).
文摘Background:In this study,we present a case of Japanese spotted fever(JSF)caused by Rickettsia japonica and use this case to investigate the process of diagnosing and reintegrating traceability of infectious diseases via metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS).Methods:From data relating to epidemiological history,clinical and laboratory examinations,and mNGS se-quencing,a diagnosis of severe JSF was concluded.Results:A detailed field epidemiological investigation discovered parasitic Haemaphysalis longicornis from a host animal(dog)in the domicile of the patient,within which R.japonica was detected,along with a diverse array of other potentially pathogenic microorganisms that could cause other infectious diseases.Conclusion:The mNGS provided an efficient method to diagnose JSF infection.This methodology could also be applied to field epidemiological investigations to establish the traceability of infectious diseases.
