We discuss a filter-based pattern search method for unconstrained optimization in this paper. For the purpose to broaden the search range we use both filter technique and frames, which are fragments of grids, to provi...We discuss a filter-based pattern search method for unconstrained optimization in this paper. For the purpose to broaden the search range we use both filter technique and frames, which are fragments of grids, to provide a new criterion of iterate acceptance. The convergence can be ensured under some conditions. The numerical result shows that this method is practical and efficient.展开更多
Tracking-Learning-Detection( TLD) is an adaptive tracking algorithm,which tracks by learning the appearance of the object as the video progresses and shows a good performance in long-term tracking task.But our experim...Tracking-Learning-Detection( TLD) is an adaptive tracking algorithm,which tracks by learning the appearance of the object as the video progresses and shows a good performance in long-term tracking task.But our experiments show that under some scenarios,such as non-uniform illumination changing,serious occlusion,or motion-blurred,it may fails to track the object. In this paper,to surmount some of these shortages,especially for the non-uniform illumination changing,and give full play to the performance of the tracking-learning-detection framework, we integrate the local binary pattern( LBP) with the cascade classifiers,and define a new classifier named ULBP( Uniform Local Binary Pattern) classifiers. When the object appearance has rich texture features,the ULBP classifier will work instead of the nearest neighbor classifier in TLD algorithm,and a recognition module is designed to choose the suitable classifier between the original nearest neighbor( NN) classifier and the ULBP classifier. To further decrease the computing load of the proposed tracking approach,Kalman filter is applied to predict the searching range of the tracking object.A comprehensive study has been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm (TLD _ULBP),and different multi-property datasets were used. The quantitative evaluations show a significant improvement over the original TLD,especially in various lighting case.展开更多
A statistical noise model and a mathematical model for real speckle pattern are presented in this paper, and then, in view of the models, a new adaptive suboptimal image filtering approach is proposed. The proposed ap...A statistical noise model and a mathematical model for real speckle pattern are presented in this paper, and then, in view of the models, a new adaptive suboptimal image filtering approach is proposed. The proposed approach, with the local direction features of speckle pattern, combines the characteristics of optimal linear filter with non-linear filter and is an adaptive approximation to linear minimum mean square error filter. Experimental results show that the proposed approach has fairly good edge-preserved performance, compared with other present image filters, as well as much better filtering performance and robustness for speckle pattern.展开更多
Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin f...Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin film modified with methoxysilane containing PAG was formed on a glass substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to promote sol-gel reaction by catalytic action of acid which was generated from PAG. And then the film was hardened with microwave irradiation, yielding organic-inorganic hybrid polymer film having hardness, highly transparency and strong adhesion with a glass substrate. Since this reaction only occurred in the optically (UV) irradiated regions, by exploiting the difference between the adhesivenesses of these regions photo-irradiated through photomask with a glass substrate, it was possible to form a patterned film with pitch of 100 to 50 μm by a simple lift-off method. A pigment-containing film using latent pigments (with subtractive three primary colors of coloring materials) and a patterned film were prepared, and it was possible to make these films multi-colored by varying the mixing ratio of the pigments. This multi-colored film-preparation method is effective for simply and efficiently forming a color-filter film by applying optical and microwave irradiation.展开更多
In order to relate the design and analysis of an optical pattern recognition system with the structural parameters, only by introducing the prolate spheroidal wave function (PSWF) can the amount of information be comp...In order to relate the design and analysis of an optical pattern recognition system with the structural parameters, only by introducing the prolate spheroidal wave function (PSWF) can the amount of information be computed. Combining the imaging wave function set {ψi(x)} and distorted wave function set {b_i(p)} and two integral equations they satisfy derives the expression of the amount of information. The design method of matched filter connected with its amount of information is studied, and their amounts of information belonging to different pattern recognition systems are illustrated. It can be seen that the difference of the amounts of information for various systems is obvious.展开更多
A hierarchical particle filter（HPF） framework based on multi-feature fusion is proposed.The proposed HPF effectively uses different feature information to avoid the tracking failure based on the single feature in a ...A hierarchical particle filter（HPF） framework based on multi-feature fusion is proposed.The proposed HPF effectively uses different feature information to avoid the tracking failure based on the single feature in a complicated environment.In this approach,the Harris algorithm is introduced to detect the corner points of the object,and the corner matching algorithm based on singular value decomposition is used to compute the firstorder weights and make particles centralize in the high likelihood area.Then the local binary pattern（LBP） operator is used to build the observation model of the target based on the color and texture features,by which the second-order weights of particles and the accurate location of the target can be obtained.Moreover,a backstepping controller is proposed to complete the whole tracking system.Simulations and experiments are carried out,and the results show that the HPF algorithm with the backstepping controller achieves stable and accurate tracking with good robustness in complex environments.展开更多
This paper proposes an estimation method of the directions of arrival(DOA) for the broadband signals received by a uniform planar antenna array including the mutual coupling effect. The process modeling of antenna arr...This paper proposes an estimation method of the directions of arrival(DOA) for the broadband signals received by a uniform planar antenna array including the mutual coupling effect. The process modeling of antenna array receiving dynamic signal is obtained accurately via building the array system electromagnetic space-time model, and the mutual coupling effect is included in the synthesis procedure automatically. The broadband signal is divided into several sub-bands, and the complex weight of these sub-bands frequencies is figured out using the least mean square iteration programming. In the proposed method, the mutual coupling effect is compensated at the different frequencies. The calculation results show that the method is suitable for the uniform linear and uniform circular array pattern integration, and it is commendably satisfied with the requirement of engineering design.展开更多
The architecture of the CAD system of a magnetic bearing is established by using pattern-oriented software architecture. Based on the pipe-filter pattern, all the present resources come from different developing envir...The architecture of the CAD system of a magnetic bearing is established by using pattern-oriented software architecture. Based on the pipe-filter pattern, all the present resources come from different developing environments, aiding the design of a magnetic bearing system, can be integrated into the system. Replacing the original pipes with database, the concurrent design can be realized in the design process, which changes the serial mode of traditional manufacture. The distributed and heterogeneous design resources can be integrated into the system and shared by importing the broker pattern. Combining pipe-filter pattern with broker pattern, the system is opening and easy to maintain and extend.展开更多
We investigate the flow patterns of irregular sand particles under avalanching mode in a rotating drum by using the spatial filtering velocimetry technique.By exploring the variations of velocity distribution of granu...We investigate the flow patterns of irregular sand particles under avalanching mode in a rotating drum by using the spatial filtering velocimetry technique.By exploring the variations of velocity distribution of granular flow,we find a type of avalanching pattern of irregular sand particles which is similar to that of spherical particles flow.Due to the fact that the initial position of avalanche in this pattern locates at the middle of the drum and the avalanche propagates toward the edge area gradually,we named it as mid-to-edge avalanching pattern.Furthermore,we find another avalanching pattern which slumps from the edge and propagates toward the opposite edge of the flow surface,named as edge-to-edge pattern.By analyzing the temporal and spatial characteristics of these two types of avalanching patterns,we discover that these two types of avalanche patterns are caused by that the avalanching particles constantly perturb the axial adjacent particles.Thus,the particles on the flow surface are involved in avalanching sequentially in order of the axial distance from the initial position.展开更多
The electronic nose with chemical dyes as sensor can react with target gas and have specific color changes. In general, RGB camera collects a group of images to record these changes used for pattern recognition. RGB f...The electronic nose with chemical dyes as sensor can react with target gas and have specific color changes. In general, RGB camera collects a group of images to record these changes used for pattern recognition. RGB filters are not sensitive to the slight color changes, which limits the performance of this kind of electronic nose. This paper demonstrates using quantum dot spec-troscopy technology to solve this problem. Multiple quantum dot filters are placed on the surface of image sensor. When capturing images, there are more response channels of the same incident light than RGB filters. Simulation and experiment both prove that quantum dot filters with appropriate processing are more sensitive to color changes than RGB filters.展开更多
Pulsed signal experiment was carried out to determine the hydrodynamic behaviours of lateral flow biological aerated filter(LBAF). With the analysis of experimental results, LBAF is viewed as an approximate plug flow ...Pulsed signal experiment was carried out to determine the hydrodynamic behaviours of lateral flow biological aerated filter(LBAF). With the analysis of experimental results, LBAF is viewed as an approximate plug flow reactor, and hydraulic retention time distribution function was derived based on LBAF. The results show that flow rate and aeration strength are two critical factors which influence flow patterns in LBAF reactor. The hydrodynamic behaviour analysis of LBAF is the theoretical basis of future research on improving capacity factor and developing kinetic model for the reactor.展开更多
Accurate and computationally efficient means of electrocardiography (ECG) arrhythmia detec-tion has been the subject of considerable re-search efforts in recent years. Intelligent com-puting tools such as artificial n...Accurate and computationally efficient means of electrocardiography (ECG) arrhythmia detec-tion has been the subject of considerable re-search efforts in recent years. Intelligent com-puting tools such as artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic approaches are demon-strated to be competent when applied individu-ally to a variety of problems. Recently, there has been a growing interest in combining both of these approaches, and as a result, adaptive neural fuzzy filters (ANFF) [1] have been evolved. This study presents a comparative study of the classification accuracy of ECG signals using (MLP) with back propagation training algorithm, and a new adaptive neural fuzzy filter architec-ture (ANFF) for early diagnosis of ECG ar-rhythmia. ANFF is inherently a feed forward multilayered connectionist network which can learn by itself according to numerical training data or expert knowledge represented by fuzzy if-then rules [1]. In this paper we used an adap-tive neural fuzzy filter as an ECG beat classifier. We combined 3 famous wavelet transforms and used them mid 4 the order AR model coefficient as features. Our results suggest that a new proposed classifier (ANFF) with these features can generalize better than ordinary MLP archi-tecture and also learn better and faster. The results of proposed method show high accu-racy in ECG beat classification (97.6%) with 100% specificity and high sensitivity.展开更多
文摘We discuss a filter-based pattern search method for unconstrained optimization in this paper. For the purpose to broaden the search range we use both filter technique and frames, which are fragments of grids, to provide a new criterion of iterate acceptance. The convergence can be ensured under some conditions. The numerical result shows that this method is practical and efficient.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61573057)the National Science and Technology Supporting Project(Grant No.2015BAF08B01)
文摘Tracking-Learning-Detection( TLD) is an adaptive tracking algorithm,which tracks by learning the appearance of the object as the video progresses and shows a good performance in long-term tracking task.But our experiments show that under some scenarios,such as non-uniform illumination changing,serious occlusion,or motion-blurred,it may fails to track the object. In this paper,to surmount some of these shortages,especially for the non-uniform illumination changing,and give full play to the performance of the tracking-learning-detection framework, we integrate the local binary pattern( LBP) with the cascade classifiers,and define a new classifier named ULBP( Uniform Local Binary Pattern) classifiers. When the object appearance has rich texture features,the ULBP classifier will work instead of the nearest neighbor classifier in TLD algorithm,and a recognition module is designed to choose the suitable classifier between the original nearest neighbor( NN) classifier and the ULBP classifier. To further decrease the computing load of the proposed tracking approach,Kalman filter is applied to predict the searching range of the tracking object.A comprehensive study has been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm (TLD _ULBP),and different multi-property datasets were used. The quantitative evaluations show a significant improvement over the original TLD,especially in various lighting case.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
文摘A statistical noise model and a mathematical model for real speckle pattern are presented in this paper, and then, in view of the models, a new adaptive suboptimal image filtering approach is proposed. The proposed approach, with the local direction features of speckle pattern, combines the characteristics of optimal linear filter with non-linear filter and is an adaptive approximation to linear minimum mean square error filter. Experimental results show that the proposed approach has fairly good edge-preserved performance, compared with other present image filters, as well as much better filtering performance and robustness for speckle pattern.
文摘Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin film modified with methoxysilane containing PAG was formed on a glass substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to promote sol-gel reaction by catalytic action of acid which was generated from PAG. And then the film was hardened with microwave irradiation, yielding organic-inorganic hybrid polymer film having hardness, highly transparency and strong adhesion with a glass substrate. Since this reaction only occurred in the optically (UV) irradiated regions, by exploiting the difference between the adhesivenesses of these regions photo-irradiated through photomask with a glass substrate, it was possible to form a patterned film with pitch of 100 to 50 μm by a simple lift-off method. A pigment-containing film using latent pigments (with subtractive three primary colors of coloring materials) and a patterned film were prepared, and it was possible to make these films multi-colored by varying the mixing ratio of the pigments. This multi-colored film-preparation method is effective for simply and efficiently forming a color-filter film by applying optical and microwave irradiation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In order to relate the design and analysis of an optical pattern recognition system with the structural parameters, only by introducing the prolate spheroidal wave function (PSWF) can the amount of information be computed. Combining the imaging wave function set {ψi(x)} and distorted wave function set {b_i(p)} and two integral equations they satisfy derives the expression of the amount of information. The design method of matched filter connected with its amount of information is studied, and their amounts of information belonging to different pattern recognition systems are illustrated. It can be seen that the difference of the amounts of information for various systems is obvious.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61304097)the Projects of Major International(Regional)Joint Research Program NSFC(61120106010)the Foundation for Innovation Research Groups of the National National Natural Science Foundation of China(61321002)
文摘A hierarchical particle filter（HPF） framework based on multi-feature fusion is proposed.The proposed HPF effectively uses different feature information to avoid the tracking failure based on the single feature in a complicated environment.In this approach,the Harris algorithm is introduced to detect the corner points of the object,and the corner matching algorithm based on singular value decomposition is used to compute the firstorder weights and make particles centralize in the high likelihood area.Then the local binary pattern（LBP） operator is used to build the observation model of the target based on the color and texture features,by which the second-order weights of particles and the accurate location of the target can be obtained.Moreover,a backstepping controller is proposed to complete the whole tracking system.Simulations and experiments are carried out,and the results show that the HPF algorithm with the backstepping controller achieves stable and accurate tracking with good robustness in complex environments.
基金supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation (61401075)
文摘This paper proposes an estimation method of the directions of arrival(DOA) for the broadband signals received by a uniform planar antenna array including the mutual coupling effect. The process modeling of antenna array receiving dynamic signal is obtained accurately via building the array system electromagnetic space-time model, and the mutual coupling effect is included in the synthesis procedure automatically. The broadband signal is divided into several sub-bands, and the complex weight of these sub-bands frequencies is figured out using the least mean square iteration programming. In the proposed method, the mutual coupling effect is compensated at the different frequencies. The calculation results show that the method is suitable for the uniform linear and uniform circular array pattern integration, and it is commendably satisfied with the requirement of engineering design.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Programof China (863Program) , No.2002AA414060
文摘The architecture of the CAD system of a magnetic bearing is established by using pattern-oriented software architecture. Based on the pipe-filter pattern, all the present resources come from different developing environments, aiding the design of a magnetic bearing system, can be integrated into the system. Replacing the original pipes with database, the concurrent design can be realized in the design process, which changes the serial mode of traditional manufacture. The distributed and heterogeneous design resources can be integrated into the system and shared by importing the broker pattern. Combining pipe-filter pattern with broker pattern, the system is opening and easy to maintain and extend.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11572201,91634202,and 11902190).
文摘We investigate the flow patterns of irregular sand particles under avalanching mode in a rotating drum by using the spatial filtering velocimetry technique.By exploring the variations of velocity distribution of granular flow,we find a type of avalanching pattern of irregular sand particles which is similar to that of spherical particles flow.Due to the fact that the initial position of avalanche in this pattern locates at the middle of the drum and the avalanche propagates toward the edge area gradually,we named it as mid-to-edge avalanching pattern.Furthermore,we find another avalanching pattern which slumps from the edge and propagates toward the opposite edge of the flow surface,named as edge-to-edge pattern.By analyzing the temporal and spatial characteristics of these two types of avalanching patterns,we discover that these two types of avalanche patterns are caused by that the avalanching particles constantly perturb the axial adjacent particles.Thus,the particles on the flow surface are involved in avalanching sequentially in order of the axial distance from the initial position.
文摘The electronic nose with chemical dyes as sensor can react with target gas and have specific color changes. In general, RGB camera collects a group of images to record these changes used for pattern recognition. RGB filters are not sensitive to the slight color changes, which limits the performance of this kind of electronic nose. This paper demonstrates using quantum dot spec-troscopy technology to solve this problem. Multiple quantum dot filters are placed on the surface of image sensor. When capturing images, there are more response channels of the same incident light than RGB filters. Simulation and experiment both prove that quantum dot filters with appropriate processing are more sensitive to color changes than RGB filters.
基金Project(2001BA604A01) supported by the Key Project of National"Tenth Five Year"Science & Technology of China
文摘Pulsed signal experiment was carried out to determine the hydrodynamic behaviours of lateral flow biological aerated filter(LBAF). With the analysis of experimental results, LBAF is viewed as an approximate plug flow reactor, and hydraulic retention time distribution function was derived based on LBAF. The results show that flow rate and aeration strength are two critical factors which influence flow patterns in LBAF reactor. The hydrodynamic behaviour analysis of LBAF is the theoretical basis of future research on improving capacity factor and developing kinetic model for the reactor.
文摘Accurate and computationally efficient means of electrocardiography (ECG) arrhythmia detec-tion has been the subject of considerable re-search efforts in recent years. Intelligent com-puting tools such as artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic approaches are demon-strated to be competent when applied individu-ally to a variety of problems. Recently, there has been a growing interest in combining both of these approaches, and as a result, adaptive neural fuzzy filters (ANFF) [1] have been evolved. This study presents a comparative study of the classification accuracy of ECG signals using (MLP) with back propagation training algorithm, and a new adaptive neural fuzzy filter architec-ture (ANFF) for early diagnosis of ECG ar-rhythmia. ANFF is inherently a feed forward multilayered connectionist network which can learn by itself according to numerical training data or expert knowledge represented by fuzzy if-then rules [1]. In this paper we used an adap-tive neural fuzzy filter as an ECG beat classifier. We combined 3 famous wavelet transforms and used them mid 4 the order AR model coefficient as features. Our results suggest that a new proposed classifier (ANFF) with these features can generalize better than ordinary MLP archi-tecture and also learn better and faster. The results of proposed method show high accu-racy in ECG beat classification (97.6%) with 100% specificity and high sensitivity.
