Research on Financing Game Model of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises based on Different Risk Categories

With the development of market economy and the deepening of economic system reform, some of the Small and medium-sized（SME） enterprises have become the most dynamic economic growth point in the national economy. Nevertheless, SMEs are facing a lot of problems in the market competition, such as technical backwardness, information lag, lack of talents, etc.. The healthy development of SMEs is very important, whereas, SMEs’ financing is a worldwide problem, and the result of financing game between banks and enterprises depends on a variety of decision-making factors. In this paper, from the point of view of bank, we analyze the diffi culties of external financing of SMEs, and establish a financing game model based on different risk categories, in order to better solve the problems that remain in the process of financing and promote the healthy and sustainable development of SMEs.

The Metro Investment and Financing in Domestic and Overseas

The paper analyzes several representative overseas investment models, afterwards to domestic actuality of investment and financing in metro development, then advise about intemalunderground investment and financing after comparison.

Impact of an innovative tuberculosis financing and payment model on health service utilization by tuberculosis patients in China:do the poor fare better than the rich?

Background:Tuberculosis(TB)prevalence is closely associated with poverty in China,and poor patients face more barriers to treatment.Using an insurance-based approach,the China-Gates TB program Phase II was implemented between 2012 and 2014 in three cities in China to improve access to TB care and reduce the financial burden on patients,particularly among the poor.This study aims to assess the program effects on service use,and its equity impact across different income groups.Methods:Data from 788 and 775 patients at baseline and final evaluation were available for analysis respectively.Inpatient and outpatient service utilization,treatment adherence,and patient satisfaction were assessed before and after the program,across different income groups(extreme poverty,moderate poverty and non-poverty),and in various program cities,using descriptive statistics and multi-variate regression models.Key stakeholder interviews were conducted to qualitatively evaluate program implementation and impacts.Results:After program implementation,the hospital admission rate increased more for the extreme poverty group(48.5 to 70.7%)and moderate poverty group(45.0 to 68.1%),compared to the non-poverty group(52.9 to 643%).The largest increase in the number of outpatient visits was also for the extreme poverty group(4.6 to 5.7).The proportion of patients with good medication adherence increased by 15 percentage points in the extreme poverty group and by ten percentage points in the other groups.Satisfaction rates were high in all groups.Qualitative feedback from stakeholders also suggested that increased reimbursement rates,easier reimbursement procedures,and allowance improved patients'service utilization.Implementation of case-based payment made service provision more compliant to clinical pathways.Conclusion:Patients in extreme or moderate poverty benefited more from the program compared to a non-poverty group,indicating improved equity in TB service access.The pro-poor design of the program provides important丨essons to other TB programs in China and other countries to better address TB care for the poor.

Financing Model Decision of Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects

Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects require the appropriate financing model to attract large amounts of social investment.Therefore,financing model decision becomes the key of engineering construction.In three aspects,such as the subject,the object and the target of the financing model,Grey Target Model is established in this paper.First,the complex financing mode decision problems of Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects are decomposed by using hierarchical decomposition method.Then Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) method is used to calculate the comprehensive weight of evaluation index.Experts' opinions financing model are transformed into the evaluation matrix based on the Dephi method.The Weighted Grey Target Model is used to calculate the approaching degree of financing model and assists financing mode decision.In addition,this paper takes the water diversion project from the Han to the Wei River of Shaanxi Province as a verification example for the model.For other water diversion projects,the evaluation results are also reliable and provide theoretical references for the financing model decision of Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects.

Exploration of the PIPP Financing Model in Brownfield Remediation

Lack of adequate and affordable financing is the most significant obstacle to brownfield remediation.This paper identifies the financing barriers of PPP(Public-Private Partnership)model to brownfi eld reuse,develops a PIPP(Public Intermediary Private Partnerships)fi nancing model,and discusses its operating mechanism and component elements from the aspects of its driving force,participation forms,and profi tability.Accordingly,it puts forward the specifi c operating plan and safeguard measures of the PIPP fi nancing model in brownfi eld remediation in China.

AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT FINANCE

In a written interview with Beijing Review reporter Yu Shujun,K.V.Kamath,President of the BRICS New Development Bank,discusses the bank’s uniqueness and purpose,its focus and methods,and the need for such multilateral development banks to innovate to meet investment needs.Beijing Review:The BRICS bank was officially named the New Development