The argument over fiscal decentralization and carbon dioxide emission(CO_(2))reduction has received much attention.However,evidence to back this claim is limited.Economic theory predicts that fiscal decentralization a...The argument over fiscal decentralization and carbon dioxide emission(CO_(2))reduction has received much attention.However,evidence to back this claim is limited.Economic theory predicts that fiscal decentralization affects environmental quality,but the specifics of this relationship are still up for debate.Some scholars noted that fiscal decentralization might lead to a race to the top,whereas others contended that it would result in a race to the bottom.In light of the current debates in environmental and development economics,this study aims to provide insight into how this relationship may function in South Africa from 1960 to 2020.In contrast to the existing research,the present study uses a novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulation approach to assess the positive and negative changes in fiscal decentralization,scale effect,technique effect,technological innovation,foreign direct investment,energy consumption,industrial growth,and trade openness on CO_(2)emissions.The following are the main findings:(i)Fiscal decentralization had a CO_(2)emission reduction impact in the short and long run,highlighting the presence of the race to the top approach.(ii)Economic growth(as represented by the scale effect)eroded ecological integrity.However,its square(as expressed by technique effect)aided in strengthening ecological protection,validating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.(iii)CO_(2)emissions were driven by energy utilization,trade openness,industrial value-added,and foreign direct investment,whereas technological innovation boosted ecological integrity.Findings suggest that further fiscal decentralization should be undertaken through further devolution of power to local entities,particularly regarding environmental policy issues,to maintain South Africa’s ecological sustainability.South Africa should also establish policies to improve environmental sustainability by strengthening a lower layer of government and clarifying responsibilities at the national and local levels to fulfill the energy-saving functions of fiscal expenditures.展开更多
Based on the panel data of 272 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2017,this study used the comprehensive index of environmental pollution to measure local environmental pollution,and employed the panel simu...Based on the panel data of 272 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2017,this study used the comprehensive index of environmental pollution to measure local environmental pollution,and employed the panel simultaneous equation to analyze the relationship between fiscal decentralization,foreign direct investment,and environmental pollution.The results showed that environmental pollution has the characteristics of time inertia and positive spatial spillover;fiscal decentralization and local government competition have a significant“race to bottom”effect on environmental pollution;and with the increase of fiscal decentralization,environmental quality will deteriorate.In the interaction between foreign direct investment and environmental pollution under the system of fiscal decentralization,foreign direct investment aggravates environmental pollution.Meanwhile,if the environmental pollution in a given region is serious,the willingness of foreign investors to invest therein is lessened to a certain extent.Based on the conditions in China,certain policy suggestions are put forward to increase environmental quality,such as building a comprehensive performance assessment mechanism that includes environmental quality,optimizing the decentralization system,and raising the threshold of foreign investment access.展开更多
By motivating local governments to fight for financial resources,China's tax sharing reform has affected the structure of financial decentralization and inflated local financial systems,thus spawning regional fina...By motivating local governments to fight for financial resources,China's tax sharing reform has affected the structure of financial decentralization and inflated local financial systems,thus spawning regional financial risks.Based on theoretical analysis and empirical evidence,this paper has arrived at the following findings:due to different policy objectives,central and local governments exhibit different fiscal and financial behaviors;public finance and financial sector have become financing instruments with certain convertibility under local economic growth framework;fiscal decentralization inevitably affects financial decentralization and lays the foundation for provincial fiscal disparities,resulting in a certain spatial effect of interprovincial fiscal variable;financial explicit centralization/implicit decentralization and fiscal centralization have fueled local competition for financial resources and resulted in correlation between the spatial effects of provincial financial and fiscal variables,and moreover,their mismatch has also spawned fiscal and financial risks on various fronts.Hence,setting clear boundaries of financial centralization and decentralization and ensuring local government fiscal accountability is the key to the prevention and mitigation of fiscal and financial risks in China.展开更多
Improvement of the macroeconomic governance system as an important part of the national governance system is a key initiative to address major economic problems in the new era.The coordination and economic regulatory ...Improvement of the macroeconomic governance system as an important part of the national governance system is a key initiative to address major economic problems in the new era.The coordination and economic regulatory effects of fiscal and monetary policies are subject to the arrangements of fiscal and financial decentralization systems.Analysis revealed a mismatch between China’s fiscal income decentralization and fiscal spending decentralization,as manifested in the clear decentralization of fiscal revenue and vague decentralization of fiscal spending;in pursuing local economic stability,local governments seek other sources of revenue and compete for financial resources,as manifested in apparent financial centralization and implicit financial decentralization,causing financial decentralization to be inconsistent between various levels of government and between government and the market.The above-mentioned problems are reflected in mutual conversion between public finance and financial intermediation as two financial allocation methods and mutual transmission between fiscal and financial risks,making the case for enhancing coordination between fiscal and monetary policies.In creating a scientific macroeconomic governance system,therefore,we must establish clear local government responsibilities,reduce the proportion of local fiscal spending,clarify the orientations and relief boundary of fiscal and monetary policies,moderately decentralize financial powers,and give better play to the role of local governments in improving the quality of economic development and controlling major risks.展开更多
In this present-day global pandemic that has not been completely resolved,health is a major concern among people,and correspondingly,people are demanding higher standards for public health products and services provid...In this present-day global pandemic that has not been completely resolved,health is a major concern among people,and correspondingly,people are demanding higher standards for public health products and services provided by the government.In this paper,we measure the technical efficiency of public health expenditure in each province by using the data envelopment analysis(DEA)model,and examine the impact of decentralization on the efficiency of public health expenditure under the fiscal decentralization system using the panel data from 31 provinces from 2012-2019 in a panel model subject to fixed effects.展开更多
This paper reveals the effect of Chinese-style fiscal decentralization on regional total factor productivity(TFP),i.e.,whether it leads to a race to the bottom or a race to the top.Theoretical analysis shows that Chin...This paper reveals the effect of Chinese-style fiscal decentralization on regional total factor productivity(TFP),i.e.,whether it leads to a race to the bottom or a race to the top.Theoretical analysis shows that Chinese-style fiscal decentralizations affects technological progress by changing the conditions of resource allocation.The empirical results show that Chinese-style fiscal decentralization has significantly improved the level of TFP in China,but it also generates the problems of factor mismatch and distortion of fiscal expenditure structure,and cause the distortion of factor market to a certain extent,which is not conducive to technological progress.Based on further observation of the internal composition of TFP,it is concluded that fiscal decentralization has caused technological progress(TP)and technical efficiency(TE)to show a more obvious race to the top,but the race to the top of TFP is weakening.展开更多
Research on fiscal decentralization is based on the reconstruction of measurement indexes.In view of the combination of fiscal decentralization principles and the reality in China,this paper devises seven measurement ...Research on fiscal decentralization is based on the reconstruction of measurement indexes.In view of the combination of fiscal decentralization principles and the reality in China,this paper devises seven measurement indexes of fiscal decentralization,provides empirical analysis of the respective effects on economic growth,and estimates for the economic impact of the fiscal decentralization reform in counties directly administered by provincial governments.This paper gives support to the significance of revenue and expenditure decentralization within the system and gives fiscal autonomous power to the country-level governments.However,the contribution of a fully covered measurement index of fiscal decentralization to economic growth is not ideal.Therefore,there is urgent need to endow county-level governments with financial resources and autonomous power within the current system,to tighten control of their non-budget financing,and to include the counties administered by provincial governments into a new type of fiscal system featuring a match between financial power and responsibility.展开更多
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Chinese scholars of finance theory have been sparing no effort on the theoretical research of intergovernmental fiscal relations in the past 70 years,with fisc...Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Chinese scholars of finance theory have been sparing no effort on the theoretical research of intergovernmental fiscal relations in the past 70 years,with fiscal decentralization at the core.Although fiscal decentralization has a long history,the intergovernmental fiscal relations which use fiscal decentralization as the vehicle did not constitute an independent research topic in the early days of the People’s Republic of China.Later,fiscal decentralization was adopted and gradually flourished in China,once systematically explained as the target mode of intergovernmental fiscal relations,and even took the form of tax sharing system.In the new era of socialism with Chinses characteristics,the booming research on intergovernmental fiscal relations,adapted to the theoretical innovation of modern fiscal system,has contributed to coping with the changes of international and domestic economic situation in the new normal and to the sustainable fiscal development of China.展开更多
This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions b...This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions between 1994 and 2011.Theoretical research indicates that as a transitional economy,China's local government intervention in corporate investment behaviors will cause excessive investment,thus bringing about a long-term and sustained tendency of capital deepening in manufacturing sector.Empirical test further discovers that in a certain range,the phenomenon of capital deepening in manufacturing sector is not an inevitable result endogenous to economic development and technology progress,and that investment behaviors of manufacturing sector are largely subject to the external institutional environment.Fiscal decentralization has indeed promoted capital deepening of manufacturing sector.Financial credit expansion and interventions in SOEs are major instruments for local governments to intervene in the capital deepening of manufacturing sector and such an influence is particularly significant for China's central,western and northeast regions.Therefore,clarifying government functions and improving local government performance review mechanism are of great significance to the healthy development of China's manufacturing sector.展开更多
Decentralization can alter the incentive structure of local governments and one outcome of this is debt accumulation. Based on the “Province-Managing-County” pilot policy, a fiscal decentralization reform devolving ...Decentralization can alter the incentive structure of local governments and one outcome of this is debt accumulation. Based on the “Province-Managing-County” pilot policy, a fiscal decentralization reform devolving fiscal power from the prefecture-level city to the county level, we assess the impact of fiscal decentralization on local government debt using a difference-in-differences model with a unique county-level dataset from 2011 to 2019. According to the study findings, the “Province-Managing-County” reform resulted in an average increase of 5.758 percent in the local government debt ratio across the pilot counties. Mechanism analyses suggest that this may have arisen from changes in the incentive structure, including external pressures from government assessments and internal developmental needs for promotion, leading to a rise in expenditure pressures on local governments. The role of supervision in mitigating the impact of fiscal decentralization on debt growth was also demonstrated, indicating that an appropriate supervision mechanism must be in place in conjunction with a decentralization policy.展开更多
Making use of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique and taking undesirable fiscal phenomena into account, this paper comprehensively quantifies the public fnance performance of local governments in China dur...Making use of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique and taking undesirable fiscal phenomena into account, this paper comprehensively quantifies the public fnance performance of local governments in China during the course of fiscal decentralization reform. The introduction of undesirable fiscal outcomes into this assessment makes it possible to identify meaningful and informative characteristics of local public finance performance in China. When reforms are first implemented, local pubIic financial performance improves because undesirable fiscal phenomena have not yet become too serious. The tax sharing system reform did not work well in its early stages, and negatively impacted public expenditure e3ficiency. The reform started to play a substantial role between 2001 and 2005, when local governments experienced better public finance performance. Corresponding to the deterioration of the financial sector in recent years, local public financial performance worsened after 2007. Further reform of the current fiscal and taxation system is necessary in China, to ensure a brighter future for the nation.展开更多
Fiscal decentralization and promotion incentives are main elements that inspire local governments in China to compete for economic growth with each other;but this regime is only part of reason that local governments i...Fiscal decentralization and promotion incentives are main elements that inspire local governments in China to compete for economic growth with each other;but this regime is only part of reason that local governments in China have more effects on economic cycle than their counterparts in other countries.The authors think that financial decentralization should be taken into account.Empirical results indicate that excess financial decentralization would cause high risk of inflation and economic overheating.After tax-sharing reform in 1994,the central government could adjust the boundary of financial decentralization and the local governments may borrow more money during the economic downturn.The authors suggest that a two-tiered financial supervisory system should be set up in the new round of financial reform and financial decentralization should be adjusted to the changing market economy in China.展开更多
China's achievement of miraculous economic growth is a theoretical proposition that calls for an explanation.The key to understanding the logic of China’s economic reform is a rational explanation of the logical ...China's achievement of miraculous economic growth is a theoretical proposition that calls for an explanation.The key to understanding the logic of China’s economic reform is a rational explanation of the logical paradox between irregular local finance and the incentive compatibility of central and local governments.Based on the fact that autonomous local financial resources have long been dependent on irregular fiscal revenue,this paper constructs an inclusive public financial system analysis framework from the dual perspectives of the central and local government.This analytical framework offers an explanation of the long-standing implicit fiscal decentralization contract in which irregular fiscal revenue is the carrier in the reform process,together with a description of the central-local interaction process and institutional space underlying the behavioral motivations of central finance tolerance and local financial autonomy.It demonstrates the logical consistency of irregular fiscal revenue,central and local incentive compatibility,economic growth and market-oriented reform.The inclusive public finance system,which takes into account both local dynamism and central control,provides the important institutional logic that has enabled China to reach the dual goals of economic growth and market-oriented reform.展开更多
文摘The argument over fiscal decentralization and carbon dioxide emission(CO_(2))reduction has received much attention.However,evidence to back this claim is limited.Economic theory predicts that fiscal decentralization affects environmental quality,but the specifics of this relationship are still up for debate.Some scholars noted that fiscal decentralization might lead to a race to the top,whereas others contended that it would result in a race to the bottom.In light of the current debates in environmental and development economics,this study aims to provide insight into how this relationship may function in South Africa from 1960 to 2020.In contrast to the existing research,the present study uses a novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulation approach to assess the positive and negative changes in fiscal decentralization,scale effect,technique effect,technological innovation,foreign direct investment,energy consumption,industrial growth,and trade openness on CO_(2)emissions.The following are the main findings:(i)Fiscal decentralization had a CO_(2)emission reduction impact in the short and long run,highlighting the presence of the race to the top approach.(ii)Economic growth(as represented by the scale effect)eroded ecological integrity.However,its square(as expressed by technique effect)aided in strengthening ecological protection,validating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.(iii)CO_(2)emissions were driven by energy utilization,trade openness,industrial value-added,and foreign direct investment,whereas technological innovation boosted ecological integrity.Findings suggest that further fiscal decentralization should be undertaken through further devolution of power to local entities,particularly regarding environmental policy issues,to maintain South Africa’s ecological sustainability.South Africa should also establish policies to improve environmental sustainability by strengthening a lower layer of government and clarifying responsibilities at the national and local levels to fulfill the energy-saving functions of fiscal expenditures.
基金This work is supported by the Base Project of Hunan philosophy and social science[Grant number.20JD001].
文摘Based on the panel data of 272 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2017,this study used the comprehensive index of environmental pollution to measure local environmental pollution,and employed the panel simultaneous equation to analyze the relationship between fiscal decentralization,foreign direct investment,and environmental pollution.The results showed that environmental pollution has the characteristics of time inertia and positive spatial spillover;fiscal decentralization and local government competition have a significant“race to bottom”effect on environmental pollution;and with the increase of fiscal decentralization,environmental quality will deteriorate.In the interaction between foreign direct investment and environmental pollution under the system of fiscal decentralization,foreign direct investment aggravates environmental pollution.Meanwhile,if the environmental pollution in a given region is serious,the willingness of foreign investors to invest therein is lessened to a certain extent.Based on the conditions in China,certain policy suggestions are put forward to increase environmental quality,such as building a comprehensive performance assessment mechanism that includes environmental quality,optimizing the decentralization system,and raising the threshold of foreign investment access.
基金National Social Science Foundation Key Project "Strategic Study on China's Financial Security in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period"(Grant No.15AJY017)National Social Science Foundation General Project "Study on Regional Risks,Moderate Decentralization and Local Financial System Reform"(Grant No.14BJY192)
文摘By motivating local governments to fight for financial resources,China's tax sharing reform has affected the structure of financial decentralization and inflated local financial systems,thus spawning regional financial risks.Based on theoretical analysis and empirical evidence,this paper has arrived at the following findings:due to different policy objectives,central and local governments exhibit different fiscal and financial behaviors;public finance and financial sector have become financing instruments with certain convertibility under local economic growth framework;fiscal decentralization inevitably affects financial decentralization and lays the foundation for provincial fiscal disparities,resulting in a certain spatial effect of interprovincial fiscal variable;financial explicit centralization/implicit decentralization and fiscal centralization have fueled local competition for financial resources and resulted in correlation between the spatial effects of provincial financial and fiscal variables,and moreover,their mismatch has also spawned fiscal and financial risks on various fronts.Hence,setting clear boundaries of financial centralization and decentralization and ensuring local government fiscal accountability is the key to the prevention and mitigation of fiscal and financial risks in China.
基金late-stage funding from the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)“Study on Financial Decentralization,Financial Risks and Financial Governance”(Grant No.20FJYA002).
文摘Improvement of the macroeconomic governance system as an important part of the national governance system is a key initiative to address major economic problems in the new era.The coordination and economic regulatory effects of fiscal and monetary policies are subject to the arrangements of fiscal and financial decentralization systems.Analysis revealed a mismatch between China’s fiscal income decentralization and fiscal spending decentralization,as manifested in the clear decentralization of fiscal revenue and vague decentralization of fiscal spending;in pursuing local economic stability,local governments seek other sources of revenue and compete for financial resources,as manifested in apparent financial centralization and implicit financial decentralization,causing financial decentralization to be inconsistent between various levels of government and between government and the market.The above-mentioned problems are reflected in mutual conversion between public finance and financial intermediation as two financial allocation methods and mutual transmission between fiscal and financial risks,making the case for enhancing coordination between fiscal and monetary policies.In creating a scientific macroeconomic governance system,therefore,we must establish clear local government responsibilities,reduce the proportion of local fiscal spending,clarify the orientations and relief boundary of fiscal and monetary policies,moderately decentralize financial powers,and give better play to the role of local governments in improving the quality of economic development and controlling major risks.
基金supported by the Foshan Social Science Planning Project in 2022,based on“How to Improve the Enterprise Service System and Promote the Reform of the Foshan Business Enabling Environmental System”(Project Number:2022-ZDA01)Foshan Social Science Planning Major Project in 2022,Foshan Social Science Federation,2022(5)the Student Academic Foundation of Foshan University in 2022,based on“Cultivating a Refreshing‘Soft Environment’to Build‘Hard Power’for Development:A Study on the Influencing Factors and Enhancement of Business Environment in Foshan Oriented on Entrepreneurial Satisfaction”(Project Number:xsjj202214zsa02),Communist Youth League Foshan University Committee,2022(6).
文摘In this present-day global pandemic that has not been completely resolved,health is a major concern among people,and correspondingly,people are demanding higher standards for public health products and services provided by the government.In this paper,we measure the technical efficiency of public health expenditure in each province by using the data envelopment analysis(DEA)model,and examine the impact of decentralization on the efficiency of public health expenditure under the fiscal decentralization system using the panel data from 31 provinces from 2012-2019 in a panel model subject to fixed effects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China“Choice of Suitability Innovation Model and Regional Total Factor Productivity Improvement:Based on Innovation Value Chain and Space Spillover”(71403115)National Social Science Foundation“Strategy for China’s Industrial Technological Advances Based on Technology Authorization”(15CJY009)Jiangsu Province 333 Project“Why Haven’t Innovation Investments Been Turned into Technological Progress:Research Based on Suitability Innovation Model”.The authors are grateful for the support by Jiangsu Province Brand Major and Jiangsu Province Superior Discipline Construction Project.The authors take sole responsibility for their view in this paper.
文摘This paper reveals the effect of Chinese-style fiscal decentralization on regional total factor productivity(TFP),i.e.,whether it leads to a race to the bottom or a race to the top.Theoretical analysis shows that Chinese-style fiscal decentralizations affects technological progress by changing the conditions of resource allocation.The empirical results show that Chinese-style fiscal decentralization has significantly improved the level of TFP in China,but it also generates the problems of factor mismatch and distortion of fiscal expenditure structure,and cause the distortion of factor market to a certain extent,which is not conducive to technological progress.Based on further observation of the internal composition of TFP,it is concluded that fiscal decentralization has caused technological progress(TP)and technical efficiency(TE)to show a more obvious race to the top,but the race to the top of TFP is weakening.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund,and is titled“Deepening the taxation mechanism and system research of revenue distribution reform”(13&ZD031)Social Science Planning Project“speeding up the construction of urbanization in Shandong Province”(13CJJJ03).
文摘Research on fiscal decentralization is based on the reconstruction of measurement indexes.In view of the combination of fiscal decentralization principles and the reality in China,this paper devises seven measurement indexes of fiscal decentralization,provides empirical analysis of the respective effects on economic growth,and estimates for the economic impact of the fiscal decentralization reform in counties directly administered by provincial governments.This paper gives support to the significance of revenue and expenditure decentralization within the system and gives fiscal autonomous power to the country-level governments.However,the contribution of a fully covered measurement index of fiscal decentralization to economic growth is not ideal.Therefore,there is urgent need to endow county-level governments with financial resources and autonomous power within the current system,to tighten control of their non-budget financing,and to include the counties administered by provincial governments into a new type of fiscal system featuring a match between financial power and responsibility.
文摘Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Chinese scholars of finance theory have been sparing no effort on the theoretical research of intergovernmental fiscal relations in the past 70 years,with fiscal decentralization at the core.Although fiscal decentralization has a long history,the intergovernmental fiscal relations which use fiscal decentralization as the vehicle did not constitute an independent research topic in the early days of the People’s Republic of China.Later,fiscal decentralization was adopted and gradually flourished in China,once systematically explained as the target mode of intergovernmental fiscal relations,and even took the form of tax sharing system.In the new era of socialism with Chinses characteristics,the booming research on intergovernmental fiscal relations,adapted to the theoretical innovation of modern fiscal system,has contributed to coping with the changes of international and domestic economic situation in the new normal and to the sustainable fiscal development of China.
基金funded by Humanities and Social Sciences Research Youth Foundation Program of the Ministry of Education:Challenges of Workforce Absorption of Manufacturing Sector and Solutions-Perspective Based on Capital Deepening(Approval No.12YJC790034)
文摘This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions between 1994 and 2011.Theoretical research indicates that as a transitional economy,China's local government intervention in corporate investment behaviors will cause excessive investment,thus bringing about a long-term and sustained tendency of capital deepening in manufacturing sector.Empirical test further discovers that in a certain range,the phenomenon of capital deepening in manufacturing sector is not an inevitable result endogenous to economic development and technology progress,and that investment behaviors of manufacturing sector are largely subject to the external institutional environment.Fiscal decentralization has indeed promoted capital deepening of manufacturing sector.Financial credit expansion and interventions in SOEs are major instruments for local governments to intervene in the capital deepening of manufacturing sector and such an influence is particularly significant for China's central,western and northeast regions.Therefore,clarifying government functions and improving local government performance review mechanism are of great significance to the healthy development of China's manufacturing sector.
基金The authors are grateful for support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71973118,72173136,and 72103208)National Social Science Foundation of China(No.20&ZD080)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law(No.2722024AK004).
文摘Decentralization can alter the incentive structure of local governments and one outcome of this is debt accumulation. Based on the “Province-Managing-County” pilot policy, a fiscal decentralization reform devolving fiscal power from the prefecture-level city to the county level, we assess the impact of fiscal decentralization on local government debt using a difference-in-differences model with a unique county-level dataset from 2011 to 2019. According to the study findings, the “Province-Managing-County” reform resulted in an average increase of 5.758 percent in the local government debt ratio across the pilot counties. Mechanism analyses suggest that this may have arisen from changes in the incentive structure, including external pressures from government assessments and internal developmental needs for promotion, leading to a rise in expenditure pressures on local governments. The role of supervision in mitigating the impact of fiscal decentralization on debt growth was also demonstrated, indicating that an appropriate supervision mechanism must be in place in conjunction with a decentralization policy.
基金sponsored by Project 985(2011SHKXZD001)Zhuo-Shi Talent Plan at Fudan Universitythe Shanghai Leading Academic Disciplines Project(B101)
文摘Making use of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique and taking undesirable fiscal phenomena into account, this paper comprehensively quantifies the public fnance performance of local governments in China during the course of fiscal decentralization reform. The introduction of undesirable fiscal outcomes into this assessment makes it possible to identify meaningful and informative characteristics of local public finance performance in China. When reforms are first implemented, local pubIic financial performance improves because undesirable fiscal phenomena have not yet become too serious. The tax sharing system reform did not work well in its early stages, and negatively impacted public expenditure e3ficiency. The reform started to play a substantial role between 2001 and 2005, when local governments experienced better public finance performance. Corresponding to the deterioration of the financial sector in recent years, local public financial performance worsened after 2007. Further reform of the current fiscal and taxation system is necessary in China, to ensure a brighter future for the nation.
文摘Fiscal decentralization and promotion incentives are main elements that inspire local governments in China to compete for economic growth with each other;but this regime is only part of reason that local governments in China have more effects on economic cycle than their counterparts in other countries.The authors think that financial decentralization should be taken into account.Empirical results indicate that excess financial decentralization would cause high risk of inflation and economic overheating.After tax-sharing reform in 1994,the central government could adjust the boundary of financial decentralization and the local governments may borrow more money during the economic downturn.The authors suggest that a two-tiered financial supervisory system should be set up in the new round of financial reform and financial decentralization should be adjusted to the changing market economy in China.
基金the key project of the National Natural Science Fund of China"Research on the Fiscal System of Supply of Public Services from the Perspective of National Governance"(71833002)“Regional Intergenerational Mobility Preferences in Migration Decisions:Empirical Measurement,Micro-Evidence and Impact Mechanisms”(71973020).
文摘China's achievement of miraculous economic growth is a theoretical proposition that calls for an explanation.The key to understanding the logic of China’s economic reform is a rational explanation of the logical paradox between irregular local finance and the incentive compatibility of central and local governments.Based on the fact that autonomous local financial resources have long been dependent on irregular fiscal revenue,this paper constructs an inclusive public financial system analysis framework from the dual perspectives of the central and local government.This analytical framework offers an explanation of the long-standing implicit fiscal decentralization contract in which irregular fiscal revenue is the carrier in the reform process,together with a description of the central-local interaction process and institutional space underlying the behavioral motivations of central finance tolerance and local financial autonomy.It demonstrates the logical consistency of irregular fiscal revenue,central and local incentive compatibility,economic growth and market-oriented reform.The inclusive public finance system,which takes into account both local dynamism and central control,provides the important institutional logic that has enabled China to reach the dual goals of economic growth and market-oriented reform.