An Empirical Study of the Relationship between the Fixed Assets Investment and Urban-rural Income Gap during the Transition Period

As the gap in income between urban and rural residents bigger and bigger,based on the data from 1978 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical study of the dynamic relation between the fixed assets investment and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. The outcome from the study indicates a long-term balance exists between the investment rate of the fixed assets and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. A short-term deviation from the balance can be adjusted through long time. To a certain extent,city-oriented fixed assets investment policy is the main cause of the big gap in income between urban and rural residents. The big gap in income between urban and rural residents in turn reinforces their social status,thus further strengthening the city-oriented instead of countryside-oriented fixed assets investment policy. Based on that,this paper puts forward some suggestions on adjusting the fixed assets investment policy so as to shorten the difference in income between urban and rural residents and realize the goal of harmonious development between city and countryside.

SHAANXI'S KEY PROJECTS FOR FIXED ASSETS INVESTMENT DURING THE NINTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN

During the Eighth Five-Year Planperiod, Shaanxi Province intensifiedthe restructuring of investment andmacro-control in fixed assets investment byimplementing the policy of "limiting totalamount, readjusting structure, rectifying orderand improving efficiency". The wholeprovince realized RMB 110 billion in fixedassets investment, (including RMB 86.5 billionby state-owned units, RMB 14.23 billionthrough loans from the construction bank,making up 16.5 percent), RMB 67 billionmore than in the Seventh Five-Year Planperiod, with an annual increase of 26.5 percent.Thanks to the support, a group of medium-to-large and key projects have been put

Education Investment Fixed Asset Investment and Regional Economic Development Differences--Empirical analysis based on Chinese

In this article,it discusses the di£ferences in economic development between urban and rural areas and regions in our country from the perspective of education investment and fixed asset investment.Based on the provincial data of 31 provinces from 1999 to 2017 released by National Bureau of Statistics,it expends the Cobb-Douglas model and Lucas model,and analyses the data with multiple linear regression models.From the study,it finds that compared with investment in fixed assets,investment in education has a larger role in promoting economic development,which is more obvious in the underdeveloped central and western regions and rural areas.However,at the same time it needs to note that the positive effects of education investment will be restricted by the economic structure and policy environment,and education expenditure policies should also be implemented in accordance with time and local conditions.

Evaluation on Optimal Scale of Rural Fixed-asset Investment-Based on Microcosmic Perspective of Farmers' Income Increase

The rural fundamental and productive fixed-asset investment not only makes active influence on the changes of farmers' operational,wages and property income,but it also has an optimal scale range for farmers' income increase. From the perspective of farmers' income increase,this article evaluates the optimal scale of rural fixed-asset investment by setting up model with statistic data,and the results show that the optimal scale of per capita rural fixed-asset investment is 76. 35% of per capita net income of rural residents,which has been reached in China in 2009. Therefore,compared with the adding of rural fixed-asset investment,a better income increase effect can be achieved through the adjustment of rural fixed-asset investment structure.

A Study on Investment Structure of Fixed Assets and Regional Economic Growth

Nowadays,it has been in the period of rapidly developing China’s economy.Since the financial crisis in 2008,China has paid more and more attention to investing in fixed assets,and the growth rate of investing in fixed asset is also rising.However,when promoting regional economic growth,if we only pay attention to the total amount of fixed asset investment,there will inevitably exist some blindness and lack of sustainability.Therefore,the study between the investment structure of fixed assets and regional economic growth is quite important.China has a vast territory and many regions.The investment structure of fixed assets in different regions is also different,so the influence on economic growth is also different.This paper analyzes the investment structure of fixed assets and regional economic growth,and help realize the rapid growth of regional economy by recognizing the current situation of China's investment structure of fixed assets.

Employment and development levels in rural areas of the Russian Federation

The development of agro-industrial complex is important for ensuring national food security and national health.The development of rural areas is subject to the development of agriculture and local infrastructure,as well as the availability of various services.This study selected 15 indicators in 2021 to analyze the employment and development levels in rural areas of 71 regions of the Russian Federation using the analytical grouping method.The results indicated that 20 regions(Group 1)had the highest percentage of rural population(33.10%).The percentage of population engaged in agriculture had the highest value(12.40%)in 31 regions(Group 2).Moreover,20 regions(Group 3)had the highest investments in fixed assets at the expense of municipal budget(11.80 USD/person).Increasing the investments in fixed assets carried out from the budget of the municipality can improve the employment level in rural areas.Then,we used cluster analysis to divide 14 regions of the Volga Federal District in the Russian Federation into 3 clusters.Cluster 1 covered Kirov Region and Republic of Mari El;Cluster 2 included Ulyanovsk Region,Saratov Region,Nizhny Novgorod Region,Perm Territory,Orenburg Region,Chuvash Region,and Republic of Mordovia;and Cluster 3 contained Republic of Tatarstan,Samara Region,Udmurtian Republic,Penza Region,and Republic of Bashkortostan.Results indicated that the 2 regions of Cluster 1 need to increase the availability of resources and natural gas and improve the investment attractiveness of rural areas.The 7 regions of Cluster 2 needed to develop infrastructure,public services,and agricultural production.We found the highest employment level in rural areas,the largest investments in fixed assets at the expense of municipal budget,the largest residential building area per 10,000 persons,and the largest individual residential building area in the 5 regions of Cluster 3.This study makes it possible to draw up a comprehensive regional development program and proves the need for the development of rural areas,which is especially important for the sustainable development of the Russian Federation.

How China＇s Fiscal Policy Contributes to Investment and Economic Growth： Experience and Lessons

This paper （1） discusses how the two indicators used in official statistics of China, namely total investment in fixed assets and the gross fixed capital formation, reflect changes infixed asset investment and their relationship, （2） analyzes the growth of fixed asset investment and its contribution to changes of economic growth rate since the reform and opening-up, and （3） explains how fiscal policy impacts the growth of fixed asset investment and analyzes in detail the impacts of the two rounds of contractionary fiscal policy, two rounds of expansionary fiscal policy and one round of neutral fiscal policy on China＇ s fixed asset investment growth since reform and opening-up using full and accurate data. Practice shows that the impact of fiscal policy on China＇ s fixed asset investment is direct and obvious, yet sometimes too drastic. In the future, fiscal policy should be used in alignment with other economic policies with appropriate intensity and timing so that it will help stabilize the growth of fixed asset investment.

固定资产加速折旧政策与企业环境社会责任表现

环境资源问题可能制约我国经济可持续发展,而税收政策能够调节经济健康发展、引导企业行为。本文以2010—2019年我国A股上市公司为样本,运用交叠双重差分模型检验了固定资产加速折旧政策变革对企业环境社会责任表现的影响。研究发现,固定资产加速折旧政策有效提升了企业环境社会责任表现;作用渠道探索显示,固定资产投资与绿色研发活动是上述影响发挥作用的重要渠道;异质性分析结果显示,固定资产加速折旧政策对于劳动密集型企业、衰退期企业、位于中西部地区企业和污染行业企业环境社会责任表现的提升效果更为明显。本研究对于引导企业参与环保行为、促进环境社会责任表现具有一定的现实意义。

平台生态嵌入与传统企业价值链攀升——来自中国制造业上市公司的经验证据

数字经济时代下平台生态系统作为商业生态系统创新的新范式,为传统企业数智化转型提供了有利条件,推动了传统企业间的竞争手段由价格转向创新。作为反映企业竞争力的核心标志,价值链攀升是传统企业高质量发展的关键。为探寻平台生态嵌入对传统企业价值链攀升的影响,文章在理论分析二者作用机制的基础上,以2013—2020年中国制造业上市公司的相关数据为样本展开实证研究。研究发现:平台生态嵌入对传统企业价值链攀升存在显著促进作用,该影响随企业所处市场竞争强度提高而逐渐增强,且在区位、行业和企业层面上具有显著异质性;机制检验结果表明,人才赋能与创新驱动是实现平台生态嵌入对传统企业价值链攀升促进作用的重要机制,且传统企业固定资产投资对这一过程产生了一定的逆向调节作用。文章对深入理解传统企业嵌入平台生态从而实现价值创新具有一定参考意义。

“双碳”目标下油气行业固定资产投资对碳排放的影响研究

为了厘清油气行业固定资产投资与碳排放之间的关系,本文将2002—2021年我国油气行业面板数据作为研究样本,通过构建固定效应模型实证研究了油气行业固定资产投资对碳排放的影响作用,并采用中介效应模型,运用逐步回归方法验证了油气行业固定资产投资、人均研发投入与碳排放之间的作用关系及其影响机制。研究结果表明:1)油气行业固定资产投资显著降低了碳排放比值,其影响系数为-1.913,表明通过加大油气行业的固定资产投资能够显著降低该行业的二氧化碳排放。本文在运用替换被解释变量、替换解释变量,以及增加控制变量等方法开展进一步回归分析后发现,上述检验结果依然稳健。2)人均研发投入在固定资产投资与碳排放比值之间发挥着部分中介作用,其中介效应值为24.7%。此外,油气行业的固定资产投资还显著降低了人均研发投入,而人均研发投入通过推动绿色技术创新则可以有效抑制碳排放比值。3)油气行业固定资产投资对碳排放的影响作用是短期的且影响系数较小,对主营业务收入的影响作用是长期的且影响系数较大。4)在我国油气行业的稳定增长时期与转型升级时期之内,固定资产投资对碳排放比值的影响作用具有明显的差异性。异质性检验结果表明,在油气行业的稳定增长期内,固定资产投资与碳排放比值之间并无显著的相关关系,而在油气行业的转型升级期内,固定资产投资则显著抑制了碳排放比值。

数字金融、企业投资行为与就业技能结构升级

实现更充分和更高质量就业关系着民生问题,也关系着共同富裕目标的实现。文章使用2011至2019年非金融类上市企业样本探讨了数字金融对企业投资行为和就业技能结构的影响,并进一步剖析了投资行为在“数字金融—就业技能结构升级”中发挥的作用。研究发现,数字金融发展推动了就业技能结构升级。机制检验结果表明,数字金融发展显著提升了高技能劳动力雇佣规模,研发投资对劳动力雇佣存在“扩容提质”效应,固定资产投资的劳动力雇佣“扩容”效应主要通过提高低技能劳动力雇佣规模实现。此外,数字金融、企业投资行为对就业技能结构升级的影响因劳动者保护制度存在异质性。由此,引导企业“脱虚向实”是“稳就业”的重要抓手,缓解大学生就业困境的关键在于激励企业研发创新。

美国货币政策对中国投资价格影响的溢出效应——基于超调理论的解析

无论是2008年金融危机还是2020年新冠疫情,都对美国经济产生了严重影响。为了应对危机,美国采取了连续且高强度的量化宽松政策。这为美国经济提供了重要支撑,但对全球经济形成了明显冲击,特别是对中国经济稳定增长带来了挑战。文章从理论和实证两个方面讨论美国货币政策对中国投资价格的影响,并引入具有时变特征的TVP-VAR模型检验影响的多重现实作用机制,深入讨论美国货币政策对中国经济的影响。研究结果表明:美国货币政策会直接影响中国固定资产投资价格,也会通过中国股票市场对固定资产投资价格产生间接影响;在间接传导过程中,美国货币政策对中国股票价格的影响存在明显的超调效应,且这种超调效应只存在于短期;机制分析表明,美国货币政策对中国固定资产投资价格的间接影响会受到美国股票市场的调节作用。基于此,今后应审慎管理资本流动,稳步推进人民币国际化进程,增强金融行业的服务能力并加强政策引导,从而有效抵御外部金融风险,妥善应对各类风险挑战。

固定资产投资预测的Logistic模型及实证分析

从理论上阐明了逻辑曲线方法的概念,对其中参数的初始值估计和非线性优化计算方法及步骤进行了说明, 并从中选择最适合的方法,分别实现初始值估计和非线性优化.以此为基础,编制计算机程序,对深圳市全社会固 定资产投资数据进行分析,对数据的长度进行优选,最后做出预测,取得很好的效果.

陶瓷行业在“碳达峰碳中和”背景下节能审查路径探讨

随着“碳达峰碳中和”时代的到来,各个行业在固定资产投资项目的节能审查的重视程度均提高到一定的高度,本文以陶瓷行业为例,结合国家最新节能审查要求,初步探讨分析陶瓷行业中节能审查的路径。

税收激励与企业绿色创新——基于固定资产加速折旧政策的实证研究

税收激励是调节宏观经济的重要手段,充分发挥其在促进企业绿色创新方面的积极作用对实现经济绿色转型至关重要。本文以我国固定资产加速折旧政策为准自然实验,采用我国A股上市公司数据,运用交叠双重差分(DID)模型实证检验了税收激励对企业绿色创新的影响及机制。研究发现,固定资产加速折旧政策显著促进了企业绿色创新。其通过缓解企业融资约束、降低绿色投资成本和强化市场竞争三个机制显著促进企业绿色创新。调节效应检验结果表明,环境规制会强化固定资产加速折旧政策对企业绿色创新的正向影响。进一步分析发现,固定资产加速折旧政策主要影响实质性绿色创新、自主绿色创新和防控型绿色创新。本文的研究结论有助于深化对税收激励的认识,对协同推进稳增长和绿色发展具有重要启示。

我国固定资产投资演变特征、基本经验和发展建议

改革开放以来特别是党的十八大以来,固定资产投资为优化供给结构、推动经济平稳发展提供了有力支撑,在扩大内需战略实施过程中发挥了关键作用。近年来,我国固定资产投资规模持续上升,但增长率不断下滑,投资的产业结构、区域结构、主体结构和投资效率发生了重大转变,如何进一步优化国内市场供给结构,释放国内市场需求,更好地发挥投资的关键作用,助力扩大内需战略,是下一个时期投资发展的重要方向。本文在深入分析改革开放以来固定资产投资总量、结构和效率的演变特征的基础上,阐释了我国固定资产投资在投资总量、产业结构、区域结构和主体结构方面的基本经验,探讨了相应的优化策略,为我国固定资产投资更好服务扩大内需战略提供发展建议。

人口年龄结构变动对工业投资影响的实证分析——基于省级动态面板数据的SYS-GMM估计

文章使用2004~2016年的省级面板数据,基于SYS—GMM估计方法,对中国30个省份的人口年龄结构变动与工业投资之间的关联性进行了研究。研究发现,前期投资、金融发展程度、人均GDP及人均GDP增长率能够对工业投资产生显著正向影响,但是老年抚养比和少儿抚养比等人口年龄因素对于工业投资的影响并不显著,这可能是由于中国的"人口红利"尚未得到完全释放。最后,针对本文研究结论,提出了相关政策建议。

SPSS相关分析与线性回归分析在我国物流业增加值分析中的应用

物流业增加值是反映物流业发展状况的核心指标,是衡量相关企业经营业绩及经济发展水平的重要依据,因而对其进行分析并在此基础上得出的结论具有重要的现实意义。文章以中国物流与采购网公布的有关统计数据为依托,通过SPSS相关分析及线性回归分析,对反映物流业发展状况的物流业增加值、物流固定资产投资、社会物流费用等指标的相互关系进行探讨,得出了一些对于物流业增加值的分析及预测有较强实际意义的结论,可供有关部门参考。

投资驱动型产业政策、地方固定资产投资与农村人力资本积累——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的实证分析

基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2018年数据与笔者收集的数据,本文采用跨地区和出生队列的变异构造双重差分模型(Cohort-DID)分析了地方政府投资驱动型产业政策对农村人力资本积累的影响。研究发现,2008年之后地方政府投资驱动型产业政策引致的大规模传统基础设施投资与农村适龄青年完成高中教育的可能性之间存在显著负相关关系。使用工具变量的检验结果表明,上述研究结论具有较强的稳健性。此外,本文还尝试性地探究了上述效应的作用机制:投资驱动型产业政策引致的传统基础设施投资大幅攀升,一方面增加了建筑业及相关低技能工作的机会,提升了投资教育的机会成本;另一方面带来了低技能劳动力工资的提升,导致了不同教育水平劳动力工资趋同、技能溢价下跌,降低了预期教育回报。本文的研究结论可以为"十四五"时期中国全面构建与创新驱动型经济发展模式相匹配的产业政策体系提供参考。