Functional analysis of flavanone 3-hydroxylase(F3H)from Dendrobium officinale,which confers abiotic stress tolerance

Flavonoids are important bioactive components in Dendrobium officinale,a medicinal orchid.They are involved in many biological activities,including protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses.Research on the key genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis in D.officinale is limited.In this study,one of the key flavonoid biosynthesis genes,flavanone 3-hydroxylase(F3H),was characterized from D.officinale.The open reading frame of DoF3H was 1134 bp long and it encoded a 377-amino acid protein.The DoF3H protein showed considerably high homology with F3H proteins from other plant species and shared a common evolutionary ancestor with other F3Hs.DoF3H transcripts were detected in different organs of adult plants and mainly accumulated in flowers,followed by roots,stems and leaves,a pattern that was similar to the content of flavonoids.Recombinant DoF3H protein,which was localized in the cytosol,could convert naringenin to dihydrokaempferol.The mRNA levels of DoF3H were significantly induced by salt and cold stresses.Furthermore,the heterologous expression of DoF3H in Escherichia coli conferred it higher tolerance to salt and cold stresses.These results provide insight into the molecular function of DoF3H in the biosynthesis of flavonoids,and provide a new application for improvement of abiotic tolerance in D.officinale.

日本落叶松LkF3H2基因克隆及调控类黄酮代谢功能研究

【目的】日本落叶松黄烷酮3-羟化酶(flavanone 3-hydroxylase 2,LkF3H2)基因在类黄酮生物合成过程中发挥着重要的调控功能。探究LkF3H2基因在日本落叶松中发挥的具体功能和植物类黄酮生物代谢过程。【方法】根据实验室前期转录组数据克隆日本落叶松LkF3H2基因并进行生物信息学分析及组织表达分析。随后将该基因转化烟草进行转基因烟草组织表达分析及类黄酮含量测定,以探究基因表达量与类黄酮含量之间的关系。【结果】LkF3H2基因cDNA序列长度为1074 bp,其蛋白编码358个氨基酸,分子式C_(1785)H_(2807)N_(481)O_(541)S_(18),分子量为40.24 kD,该蛋白是不稳定的亲水性蛋白且不含信号肽;同时系统进化分析得出日本落叶松LkF3H2与火炬松、辐射松、白云杉和欧洲云杉F3H亲缘关系较近并且该蛋白含有保守结构域2OG-Fe(Ⅱ)oxygenase superfamily,属于2-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧家族。另外组织表达分析显示LkF3H2基因在一月龄日本落叶松幼苗叶中表达量最高,在一年生日本落叶松幼苗茎中表达量最高,并且在转基因烟草叶中也显示了最高的表达量。值得一提的是,转基因烟草叶中的类黄酮含量也是最高的,其次为茎和根,转基因烟草中类黄酮含量与LkF3H2基因表达量呈正相关关系。【结论】日本落叶松LkF3H2基因属于2-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧家族并且在类黄酮生物合成过程中发挥着重要功能。

Allelic variation in the coumarate 3-hydroxylase gene associated with wood properties of Catalpa fargesii Bur.

Coumarate 3-hydroxylase(C3h)genes participate in the synthesis of lignin and may affect the properties of wood that are important for its commercial value.A better understanding of the natural variation in C3h genes and their associations to wood properties is required to effectively improve wood quality.We used a candidate gene-based association mapping approach to identify CfC3h allelic variants associated with traits that affect the wood properties of Catalpa fargesii.We first isolated the full-length CfC3h cDNA(1825 bp),which was expressed at relatively high levels in xylem according to real time-polymerase chain reaction.In totally,17 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms(minor allele frequency>5%)were identified through cloning and sequencing the CfC3h locus from a mapping population(including 88 unrelated natural C.fargesii individuals collected from main distribution area).Nucleotide diversity and linkage disequilibrium(LD)in CfC3h indicate that CfC3h has low nucleotide diversity(π_(t)=0.0031 andθ_(w)=0.0103)and relatively low LD(within 1800 bp;r^(2)≥0.1).An association analysis identified eight common single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)(false discovery rate,Q<0.10)and ten haplotypes(Q<0.10)associated with wood properties,explaining 4.92-12.09%of the phenotypic variance in an association population consisted of 125 unrelated natural individuals(The 88 individuals from the mapping population were comprised in the association population).Our study would provide new insight into C3h gene affecting wood quality,and the SNP markers identified would have potential applications in marker-assisted breeding in the future.

一个类黄酮3'-羟化酶参与多星韭花色素生物合成的功能解析

类黄酮3'-羟化酶(F3'H)在花色素苷生物合成过程中起关键作用。明确多星韭F3'H在花色素苷生物合成中的功能,将为多星韭花色形成及改良研究提供基因资源。基于转录组数据从多星韭花朵中克隆获得AwF3'H,并对其进行生物信息学分析,利用Real time PCR对AwF3'H1的表达模式进行分析,并利用蘸花法将AwF3'H转入拟南芥中,同时对转基因植株进行表型观察及花色素苷检测分析。结果表明,Aw F3'H的ORF全长为1545 bp,编码514个氨基酸,属于细胞色素P450家族成员,与洋葱AcF3'H的亲缘关系最近;在所检测组织均有表达,但在雄蕊中表达最高,根中表达最低;与野生型拟南芥相比,转AwF3'H拟南芥T2代幼苗子叶及下胚轴颜色明显加深,矢车菊素与天竺葵素类花色苷积累量显著增加。表明AwF3'H具有类黄酮3'-羟化酶的功能。

Upregulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D_3-1α-hydroxylase by butyrate in Caco-2 cells

AIM： To investigate the possible involvement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1cx-hydroxylase [1α-25（OH）2D3] in butyrate-induced differentiation in human intestinal cell line Caco-2 cells. METHODS： Caco-2 cells were incubated either with 3 mmol/L butyrate and 1 umol/L 25（OH）2D3 or with 1 umol/L 1α-25（OH）2D3 for various time intervals ranging from 0 to 72 h. Additionally, cells were co-incubated with butyrate and either 25（OH）2D3 or 1α-25（OH）2D3. 1α-25（OH）2D3 mRNA was determined semi-quantitatively using the fluorescent dye PicoGreen. Immunoblotting was used for the detection of 1α-25（OH）2D3 protein. Finally, enzymatic activity was measured by ELISA. RESULTS： Both butyrate and 1α-25（OH）2D3 stimulated differentiation of Caco-2 cells after a 48 h incubation period, while 25（OH）2D3 had no impact on cell differentiation. Synergistic effects on differentiation were observed when cells were co-incubated with butyrate and vitamin D metabolite. Butyrate transiently upregulated 1α-25（OH）2D3 mRNA followed by a timely delayed protein upregulation. Coincidently, enzymatic activity was enhanced significantly. The induction of the enzyme allowed for comparable differentiating effects of both vitamin D metabolites. CONCLUSION： Our experimental data provide a further mechanism for the involvement of the vitamin D signaling pathway in colonic epithelial cell differentiation by butyrate. The enhancement of 1α-25（OH）2D3 followed by antiproliferative effects of the vitamin D prohormone in the Caco-2 cell line suggest that 25（OH）2D3 in combination with butyrate may offer a new therapeutic approach forthe treatment of colon cancer.

银杏叶黄酮对急性脑梗死小鼠血清TNF-α、Cas-pase-3及HIF-1α表达及神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的探究银杏叶黄酮通过下调急性脑梗死小鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、半胱天冬酶(Caspase-3)及低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)表达对抑制神经细胞凋亡的影响。方法选择健康清洁级6周龄雌性昆明小鼠45只,随机分为观察组、模型组和假手术组,每组15只。观察组和模型组小鼠建模成功后,模型组给予腹腔注射0.9%的氯化钠注射液,连续注射1周;观察组给予腹腔注射银杏叶黄酮注射液20 mg/kg,连续注射1周。比较三组小鼠脑梗死面积、神经细胞凋亡率,以及TNF-α、Caspase-3、HIF-1α水平和蛋白相对表达量。结果模型组大脑皮质神经元细胞结构功能不完整,突触小泡、细胞器数目减少,核膜断裂,染色质凝集成块。观察组小鼠大脑皮质神经元细胞损伤程度轻于模型组,仅少数细胞呈现固缩和空泡化现象。与假手术组比较,观察组和模型组小鼠TNF-α、Caspase-3及HIF-1α水平明显升高(t分别=3.89、4.68、5.23、4.67、4.21、4.71,P均<0.05);且与模型组比较,观察组小鼠TNF-α、Caspase-3及HIF-1α水平明显降低(t分别=4.04、4.66、3.66,P均<0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组和观察组小鼠TNF-α、Caspase-3及HIF-1α蛋白表达量明显升高(t分别=3.98、4.56、4.18、4.39、3.67、4.29,P均<0.05);且与模型组比较,观察组小鼠TNF-α、Caspase-3及HIF-1α蛋白表达量明显降低(t分别=5.03、4.32、6.30,P均<0.05)。与假手术组比较,观察组和模型组小鼠梗死面积、神经细胞凋亡率明显升高(t分别=4.56、4.98,P均<0.05);且与模型组比较,观察组小鼠梗死面积、神经细胞凋亡率明显降低(t分别=4.38、6.39,P均<0.05)。结论银杏叶黄酮通过下调急性脑梗死小鼠TNF-α、Caspase-3及HIF-1α表达来抑制神经细胞凋亡。

汉黄芩素调节磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶/核因子κB信号通路对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞平衡的影响

目的探讨汉黄芩素(Wog)调节磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt)/核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡的影响。方法2022年8-12月,大鼠采用随机数字表法分为Model组、低剂量Wog组(Wog-L组,50 mg/kg)、高剂量Wog组(Wog-H组,100 mg/kg)、阳性药物氨茶碱组(Ami组,2.3 mg/kg)、IGF-1(PI3K激活剂)组(1.33 mg/kg)、Wog-H+IGF-1组(100 mg/kg+1.33 mg/kg)、对照组(CK组),每组12只。除CK组外,其他组大鼠均需利用烟熏法联合气管滴注脂多糖(LPS)的方法构建COPD模型,建模成功24 h后,进行给药处理,每天1次给药,持续4周。检测呼气峰流量(PEF)、每分钟通气量(MV)、吸气峰流量(PIF);流式细胞术检测外周血中Th17/Treg;HE染色检测肺组织病理;酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠肺组织中白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-10水平;蛋白质印迹法检测肺组织中维甲酸相关孤核受体γt(RORγt)、叉头框蛋白P3(Foxp3)、磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)蛋白。结果与CK组比较,Model组大鼠PEF(12.56±0.47比8.72±0.39)、PIF(9.35±0.32比7.24±0.17)、MV(132.26±5.78比96.63±3.28)、Treg(31.18±2.62比15.52±1.01)比例、IL-10(23.35±1.16比8.85±0.27)明显降低(均P<0.05);Th17(3.14±0.13比18.86±1.67)比例、Th17/Treg(0.10±0.01比1.22±0.11)、肺泡间隔(33.36±1.48比49.78±1.73)、气道炎症评分(0比4.56±0.23)及IL-17(75.83±3.60比185.56±8.62)水平明显升高(均P<0.05)。与Model组比较,Wog-L组、Wog-H组PEF(9.66±0.40,11.49±0.51)、PIF(8.28±0.19,9.03±0.22)、MV(105.54±4.11,126.67±5.72)、Treg(19.93±1.18,27.73±2.05)比例、IL-10(11.56±0.33,20.72±0.59)水平明显升高(均P<0.05);Th17(3.14±0.13比18.86±1.67)比例、Th17/Treg(0.10±0.01比1.22±0.11)、肺泡间隔(43.45±1.26,35.78±1.12)、气道炎症评分(3.75±0.17,0.86±0.07)、IL-17(162.27±7.14,103.35±4.33)水平明显降低(均P<0.05)。与CK组比较,Model组大鼠RORγt(0.15±0.01比1.34±0.11)、p-PI3K(0.22±0.01比0.86±0.07)、p-Akt(0.18±0.01比0.75±0.06)、p-NF-κB p65(0.11±0.01比0.69±0.06)蛋白表达升高,Foxp3(1.45±0.27比0.35±0.02)蛋白表达降低(均P<0.05)。与Model组相比,Wog-L组、Wog-H组RORγt(1.08±0.10,0.36±0.02)、p-PI3K(0.71±0.06,0.35±0.03)、p-Akt(0.62±0.06,0.28±0.02)、p-NF-κB p65(0.52±0.05,0.26±0.02)蛋白表达明显降低,Foxp3(0.57±0.04,1.13±0.09)蛋白表达明显升高(均P<0.05)。Wog-H组与Ami组大鼠上述各指标水平近似,均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IGF-1逆转了高剂量Wog对COPD大鼠Th17/Treg的影响。结论Wog促进COPD大鼠Th17/Treg平衡的机制可能与下调PI3K/Akt/NF-κB通路有关。

Effects of flavonoids derived from Taxus yunnanensis on p-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4

The intestinal uptake of paclitaxel is hampered by trans-membrane efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein(P-gp),and paclitaxel is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P4503A4(CYP3A4)presented in the liver.Our previous results demonstrated that flavonoids extracted from Taxus yunnanensis could improve the oral absorption of paclitaxel.The current study was purposed to investigate the effects of the flavonoid extracts on P-gp and CYP3A4 in vitro.The expression and activity of P-gp were detected by western blotting and intracellular rhodamine 123 accumulation assay in Caco-2 cells treated with the flavonoids extract.The expression of CYP3A4 was investigated by western blotting in mouse primary hepatocytes and the activity of CYP3A4 was detected by LC-MS/MS method using rat liver microsomes.Our results showed that the flavonoid extracts from T.yunnanensis could inhibit P-gp activity and concurrently decrease the expression and activity of CYP3A4.In conclusion,activity of P-gp and CYP3A4 could be inhibited by flavonoids extracted from T.yunnanensis which might be potential candidates for development of oral formulation of paclitaxel.

Correlation between expression of 1 α-hydroxylase and hypocalcaemia in rats with severe pancreatitis

Objective:To investigate the essential biochemical indices like 1-hydroxylase and hypocalcaemia in the rats with severe acute pancreatitis and explore the correlation between them.Methods:A total of 120 SPF grade Wistar male rats which were in similar physiological status were selected and randomly divided into two groups:sham group(SO group) and severe acute pancreatitis group(SAP group).Then they were divided into 1 h,3 h,6 h,and 12 h subgroups according to the killing lime.The severe acute pancreatitis model was established by retrograde injection of 5%sodium taurocholate.Serum calcium,serum creatinine,serum urea nitrogen and serum amylase were measured at different time.Serum 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 level was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbentassay.The expression of 1-hydroxylase protein in the kidney tissue was determined with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to observe its location.The pathologic features of the kidney tissue section was observed under light microscope and submicroscopic structure of the proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell was observed under transmission electron microscope.Results:Compared with the SO group,rats in the SAP group showed continuous pathological injury as time went by.There was significant increase in serum creatinine,serum urea nitrogen and serum amylase in SAP group compared with the SO group 1,3,6,12 hours after the operation(P<0.05).There was significant decrease in serum calcium and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 3.6,12 hours after the operation(P<0.05).It also showed that the expression of the 1-hydroxylase protein in kidney tissues was upregulated at 1 h.3 h and decreased at 6h,12 h compared with the SO group.The serum calcium,1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 and the expression of the 1-hydroxylase protein in kidney tissues of the SAP group showed sustaining decrease.Western blotting showed positive correlation between the 1-hydroxylase expression and serum calcium at 3 h.6 h and 12 h(r=0.976,P<0.001;r=0.948.P<0.001;r=0.742,P=0.001) and also positive correlation between the 1-hydroxylase expression and serum1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 at 1 h,3 h,6 h and 12 h(r=0.935,P<0.001;r=0.952,P<0.001;r=0.917.P<0.001:r=0.874,P<0.001).Conclusions:At the early stage of the kidney injury,the expression of 1-hydroxylase in the kidney tissue is reduced with the progress of the disease and the decrease in its activity has a correlation with the hypocalcaemia.

3D-QSAR Study on the Inhibitory Activity of Flavonoids on PIM-1 Kinase

20 Typical flavonoids were selected for study on the interaction between them and PIM-1 kinase with the comparative molecular field analysis method（CoMFA） as well as the comparative molecular similarity index analysis method（CoMSIA） based on molecule docking.3D-QSAR models between these flavonoids and receptor PIM-1 kinase were established.The obtained optimal cross-validation correlation coefficient Q2 for CoMFA model was 0.582,and the non-cross-validation correlation coefficient R2 was 0.955;the corresponding values for CoMSIA model were 0.790 and 0.974,respectively.These two models showed fairly fine stability and predictive ability.In addition,molecule docking results revealed the key residues in the receptor cavity and their specific action ways with flavonoids.

苦荞黄烷酮3-羟化酶基因FtF3H及其启动子的克隆与功能分析

【目的】克隆苦荞FtF3H基因及其启动子序列,探究该基因的生物学效应及启动子对环境因素与激素的响应。【方法】基于苦荞基因组和转录组数据克隆FtF3H基因及其启动子,对二者进行生物信息学分析,采用qRT-PCR技术检测FtF3H对MeJA、ABA和光处理的响应,进一步利用转基因拟南芥技术,分析FtF3H的过表达对黄酮合成的影响。【结果】苦荞FtF3H基因DNA序列长2034 bp,包括2个内含子和3个外显子;其ORF序列为1104 bp,推导的FtF3H蛋白含367个氨基酸残基,归类于2-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧酶超家族且具有典型的植物F3H的分子特征。启动子PFtF3H在核心启动子基序外,还含有数目众多的光应答元件和激素响应元件,qRT-PCR检测结果显示,PFtF3H可强烈响应ABA、MeJA和光照的诱导。转基因拟南芥中,FtF3H的过表达可引起总黄酮含量显著增加(P<0.05),黄酮合成相关酶基因,AtANS、AtDFR和AtF′3H等的表达量显著上调(P<0.05),而拟南芥内源的AtF3H表达受到抑制(P<0.05)。【结论】苦荞FtF3H基因是一个典型的植物黄烷酮3-羟化酶,其表达受到激素和光的调控,在拟南芥中的过表达可促进黄酮的合成和积累。

三叶青总黄酮通过STAT3信号通路诱导膀胱癌细胞凋亡

目的 探讨体外使用三叶青总黄酮(TFTH)对膀胱癌细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及其对信号转导与转录激活因子(STAT)3信号通路的作用机制。方法 对人膀胱癌BIU-87细胞进行体外培养,将不同浓度TFTH加入培养基对BIU-87细胞进行培养,通过细胞对数试剂盒(CCK)-8试验分别检测不同浓度TFTH(0、20、50、100μg/ml)组作用24、48 h后对细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞技术分析不同浓度TFTH作用24、48 h后对细胞凋亡率的影响;Western印迹检测不同浓度TFTH对Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶(JAK)2、STAT3、B细胞淋巴瘤(Bcl)-2相关X基因(Bax)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和转化生长因子(TGF)-β1蛋白表达的影响。结果 CCK-8检测结果显示,不同浓度TFTH处理BIU-87细胞24或48 h后,对癌细胞增殖均有抑制作用(P<0.01);细胞凋亡检测结果显示,不同浓度TFTH处理BIU-87细胞24或48 h后,均有诱导癌细胞凋亡作用(P<0.01),且TFTH对细胞增殖或凋亡呈剂量时间依赖性;Western印迹结果显示,不同浓度TFTH处理后的BIU-87细胞,其JAK2、STAT3、VEGF和TGF-β1蛋白表达均明显降低,Bax蛋白表达明显升高,且呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。结论 TFTH可通过体外抑制膀胱癌BIU-87细胞JAK2/STAT3信号通路表达,使JAK2、STAT3、TGF-β1、VEGF蛋白表达减少,Bax蛋白表达增加,从而抑制膀胱癌BIU-87细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡。

18种观赏植物F3′5′H基因生物信息学分析

采用生物信息学方法对18种观赏植物类黄酮-3′5′-羟化酶基因(flavonoid-3′5′-hydroxylase,F3′5′H)的mRNA和氨基酸序列的理化性质、跨膜结构域、保守结构域、亚细胞定位、二级结构、三级结构和同源性进行预测与分析。结果表明,绝大多数观赏植物的F3′5′H为亲水性稳定蛋白质,以α螺旋为主、无信号肽的跨膜蛋白质;大多数定位于内质网膜上;其三级结构模型为5ylw.1.A铁锈醇合成酶,为单链蛋白,属于细胞色素P450基因家族;同源保守氨基酸序列为“LPPGP”“AGTDTS”和“PFGAGRRICAG”。

The R2R3-MYB transcription factor GaPC controls petal coloration in cotton

Although a few cases of genetic epistasis in plants have been reported, the combined analysis of genetically phenotypic segregation and the related molecular mechanism remains rarely studied. Here, we have identified a gene(named GaPC) controlling petal coloration in Gossypium arboreum and following a heritable recessive epistatic genetic model. Petal coloration is controlled by a single dominant gene,GaPC. A loss-of-function mutation of GaPC leads to a recessive gene Gapc that masks the phenotype of other color genes and shows recessive epistatic interactions. Map-based cloning showed that GaPC encodes an R2R3-MYB transcription factor. A 4814-bp long terminal repeat retrotransposon insertion at the second exon led to GaPC loss of function and disabled petal coloration. GaPC controlled petal coloration by regulating the anthocyanin and flavone biosynthesis pathways. Expression of core genes in the phenylpropanoid and anthocyanin pathways was higher in colored than in white petals. Petal color was conferred by flavonoids and anthocyanins, with red and yellow petals rich in anthocyanin and flavonol glycosides, respectively. This study provides new insight on molecular mechanism of recessive epistasis,also has potential breeding value by engineering GaPC to develop colored petals or fibers for multifunctional utilization of cotton.

黄芩总黄酮改善哮喘模型小鼠气道炎症及对TLR3/TRIF通路表达的影响

目的探讨黄芩总黄酮对哮喘小鼠气道炎症的改善作用及对Toll样受体3(Toll-likereceptor3,TLR3)/β干扰素TIR结构域衔接蛋白(TIRdomain-containing adaptorinducing interferon-beta,TRIF)通路表达的影响。方法随机将50只4~6周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(地塞米松,1mg/kg)、黄芩总黄酮低剂量组(25mg/kg)、黄芩总黄酮高剂量组(50mg/kg),每组各10只小鼠。除正常对照组外,其余各组构建支气管哮喘(以下简称为哮喘)小鼠模型。苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosinstaining,HE)染色法观察小鼠肺组织病理改变,并根据病理图片分析小鼠气道重塑情况,计算支气管壁面积/内周长(W/Pi)、支气管平滑肌面积/内周长(S/Pi)和平滑肌细胞核数/内周长(N/Pi)值。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorben tassay,ELISA)法检测肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavagefluid,BALF)中白细胞介素6(interleukin6,IL-6)和IL-8水平。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-timepolymerase chain reaction,qPCR)检测小鼠肺组织中TLR3、TRIFmRNA表达水平。Westernbolt检测小鼠肺组织中TLR3、TRIF蛋白表达水平。结果病理结果显示,正常对照组的支气管腔和肺泡均保持良好的完整性;模型组的小鼠表现出黏膜水肿、炎性细胞浸润(黏膜下层和黏膜层)以及气道壁炎性细胞浸润数量增加,给予黄芩总黄酮后小鼠支气管腔和肺泡炎性细胞浸润减少,且黄芩总黄酮高剂量组炎性细胞数少于黄芩总黄酮低剂量组。与正常对照组相比,模型组W/Pi、S/Pi、N/Pi,IL-6、IL-8,TLR3、TRIFmRNA和蛋白水平,均显著增加(P均<0.05);与模型组相比,黄芩总黄酮低、高剂量组和阳性对照组W/Pi、S/Pi、N/Pi,IL-6、IL-8,TLR3、TRIFmRNA和蛋白水平,均显著降低(P均<0.05);黄芩总黄酮低剂量组W/Pi、S/Pi、N/Pi,IL-6、IL-8,TLR3、TRIFmRNA和蛋白水平,均显著高于黄芩总黄酮高剂量组(P均<0.05);黄芩总黄酮高剂量组与阳性对照组各指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论黄芩总黄酮可有效改善哮喘模型小鼠的气道炎症,其机制可能与抑制TLR3/TRIF信号通路,降低炎症反应,缓解气道重塑有关。

Flavonoids from Millettia nitita var. hirsutissima

Aim To Methods The constituents tures were identified investigate the chemical constituents of MiUettia nitita var. hirsutissima. were isolated and purified by chromatographic techniques, and the strucby spectral evidences. Results Four flavonoids were isolated from the plant, including liquiritigenin （ 1 ）, naringenin （2）, maackiain （3）, and 3R-vestitol （4）. Conclusion Compounds 1 and 2 were obtained from the genus Millettia for the first time ; 3 and 4 were obtained from the plant for the first time.

紫茎泽兰类黄酮3′-羟化酶在烟草中的表达

【目的】研究紫茎泽兰F3′H在次生代谢途径中的功能。【方法】构建了F3′H过表达载体,并将其转入烟草体内,进一步通过半定量RT-PCR和Real-timePCR检测F3′H的表达情况。【结果】F3′H在烟草体内能正常表达,但在开花后则受到抑制,表现为转F3′H烟草花色较野生型变淡,F3′H表达量低于野生型表达量。【结论】F3′H与次生代谢途径中花色素的形成密切相关,且转入烟草体内时,其表达与烟草内源基因表达相互影响,导致烟草的花色变淡。

HPLC-MS^3法分析朝鲜淫羊藿有效部位化学成分

目的:研究朝鲜淫羊藿EpimediumkoreanumNakai有效部位中的化学成分。方法:70%乙醇提取,大孔树脂柱纯化得有效部位;运用HPLCMS3联用技术分析化合物结构。结果:从朝鲜淫羊藿有效部位中鉴定出9个化合物。结论:HPLCMS3能简单、快速的分析朝鲜淫羊藿黄酮苷类化学成分。

F3′5′H基因的克隆、表达载体构建与矮牵牛遗传转化

类黄酮3′5′羟基化酶(Flavonoid-3’,5-’hydroxylase;F3′5′H)是花色素苷代谢途径中的一个关键性酶,能使花色素的合成趋向于形成蓝色的飞燕草色素。从蓝紫色矮牵牛的花瓣中提取总RNA,利用RT-PCR技术克隆得到了约1.7kb的F3′5′H片段。F3′5′H的cDNA序列分析结果表明,克隆得到的序列与原序列同源性达到99.34%,开放读码框为1 521 bp,编码507个氨基酸。将推算的氨基酸序列与NCBI登录的氨基酸序列进行分析比较,发现与文献报道的存在2个氨基酸差异,氨基酸同源率为99.6%。将此基因构建到含有35S启动子的植物表达载体PBI-F3′5′H上,并通过农杆菌介导法对粉红色矮牵牛进行了遗传转化,初步鉴定获得了转基因植株。

过量表达紫茎泽兰类黄酮3’-羟化酶基因对转基因烟草POD、PAL活性的影响

紫茎泽兰具有强烈的化感作用,可抑制周围其他植物生长。类黄酮3’-羟化酶(F3’H)属于细胞色素P450(CYP)单加氧酶,具有催化多种依赖NADPH或NADH的底物氧化反应的功能,在植物化感作用中行使一定的功能。利用转F3’H基因的烟草为实验材料,分别测定转F3’H基因植株、转pB I121空载体植株和野生型植株的过氧化物酶(POD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,结果表明,转F3’H基因植株的POD活性分别是野生型植株和转空载体植株的3.8倍和2.0倍,而PAL活性则相应为4.0倍和2.0倍。由此推断F3’H基因在抵御伤害方面具有重要作用。