Coccidiosis of Goats in Florida, USA

Fecal samples from 277 goats on eleven farms in Florida were examined to determine the prevalence and intensity of the multiple species of Eimeria that infect goats in this region. The number of oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) was determined by the modified McMaster technique. Species identification was done following sporulation. Eimeria oocysts were found in 97% of the fecal samples. Goats less than one year of age shed significantly more oocysts than goats greater than one year of age (P < 0.01). Goats of the Nubian breed had the highest OPG counts when compared to Boer, Boer-Spanish crosses, and Saanen breeds. Nine Eimeria spp. were identified. Eimeria arloingi (91%), E. ninakohlyakimovae (82%) and E. alijevi (79%) were the most prevalent species. Other species present were E. caprina (60%), E. christenseni (60%), E. hirci (46%), E. caprovina (29%), E. aspheronica (15%), and E. jolchijevi (9%).

利用Florida探针评价规范化牙周探诊训练在本科生教学中的作用

目的:利用Florida探针系统评价规范化牙周探诊训练在本科生牙周临床探诊教学中的作用。方法:选取2022年5月—2022年11月于常州市口腔医院牙周病科实习的20名本科生作为研究对象,随机分为2组,每组10人。实验组接受规范化牙周探诊训练,对照组未接受训练,2组学生使用传统探针和Florida探针分别进行一例患者的左、右侧半口探诊,并由一名牙周专科医师使用Florida探针对同一患者进行全口探诊,与2组学生的探诊结果分别进行比较。采用SPSS 26.0软件包对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果:牙周专科医师探诊深度(PD)值与实验组本科生无显著差异(P>0.05),而与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05)。对照组前牙区PD值与牙周专科医师无统计学差异(P>0.05),后牙区有统计学差异(P<0.05)。2组患者均认为,Florida探针系统探诊舒适度更高。结论:规范化牙周探诊训练有助于提高本科生临床探诊能力,使用Florida探针系统不仅可以评价教学效果,还可以提高患者舒适度,值得在本科生牙周探诊教学课程中进一步推广。

Pro-Environmental Civic Participation in the USA: The Effects of Social Media, Pro-Environmental Lifestyle and Climate Experiences

This study addresses the link between social media use and pro-environmental civic participation considering the moderating effect of social media affordances (public realm) on one hand, and lifestyle behaviors and climate change experiences (personal realm) on the other. We combine communication theory and behavioral models and using a sample of USA individuals (N = 7225) based on the American Trends Panel to predict variations in pro-environmental behavior. We show that social networks rather than information are more effective in predicting pro-environmental behavior. Moreover, a pro-environmental lifestyle as well as climate change experiences at the community level increase the likelihood for pro-environmental participation. However, affordances related to socioeconomic variations generate variations to pro-environmental civic participation. We conclude that in order to capture the depth of pro-environmental civic participation, it is necessary to theoretically and empirically bridge between private and public expressions of pro-environmental awareness.

Assessing forest understory biomass in northwest Florida (USA) and its potential to meet the state energy needs

A stratified random sampling approach was employed to quantify total biomass across prevalent non-commercial forest understory species found in six counties of northwest Florida, USA. The moisture content （wet basis） and calorific values of these species were also measured. Total green biomass from forest understory species was estimated to be around 12 million metric tons, mostly comprised of Cliftonia monophylla （titi, buckwheat tree） and Cyrilla racemiflora （white titi, swamp titi）. This understory forest biomass would be sufficient to generate about 28.8 million GJ of electricity or 1589.25 million liters of ethanol. A need was identified to determine the inventory of forest understory biomass at the state level and assess the overall sustainability of utilizing forest understory biomass for bioenergy.

Using Benthic Foraminifera to Reconstruct the Environment of the Past in Florida Bay,USA

Beginning in the 1980s,dramatic ecological changes happened to the bay and the adjacent Everglades.Several U.S.government organizations such as the U.S.Geological Survey and National Park Service united to try to restore these ecosystems.As part of the whole project,this study establishes a baseline of variability for the last 100 to 4000 years in seagrass abundance(an indicator of water quality),

The Use and Abuse of Economics in Land Use Decision-Making in South Florida: An Industrial Park & Its Alternatives, 2020-2023

This paper reviews the economic methodology used to justify a proposed 357 hectare (800 acre) Industrial Park that would breach the Urban Development Boundary (UDB) in Miami-Dade County, Florida, a boundary that had been established to constrain urban sprawl and protect the surrounding wetlands and farmlands. We will examine the socio-economic setting of the region, the ownership of the farmland parcels designated to become industrial sites, and the misuse of the promoters’ narrow economic analysis. Then we shall explain and compute correctly the likely job creation based on the author’s own survey of recently constructed industrial plants similar to those proposed for this site. Rather than an industrial park, we offer instead a newly-designed multi-purpose Recreational–Ecological–Agricultural Park (REAP) & Nature Preserve which would maintain the integrity of the rural landscape, connect the densely-populated neighborhoods to the mangrove shoreline, and open nature’s treasure chest to urban Miami and the wider public.

利用Florida探针评价牙周炎非手术治疗的疗效

目的利用Florida探针评价牙周炎的非手术治疗的疗效。方法选择100例牙周炎患者为研究对象,进行牙周非手术治疗,采用Florida探针检测患者在治疗前和治疗结束后1个月时的探诊深度(PD)和附着丧失(AL)。检测位点为患者所有天然牙的近中颊、颊正中、远中颊和舌正中4个位点。将全口牙分成前牙组、前磨牙组、后牙组和所有牙组4组,比较4组间、4个位点间以及PD<5mm和PD≥5mm的位点间治疗前后PD和AL的变化。结果前牙组、前磨牙组、后牙组和所有牙组治疗后PD和AL与治疗前相比均有明显改善(P<0.05),PD明显下降,且有牙周附着再获得;其中前牙的改善较磨牙和前磨牙更明显。PD<5mm和PD≥5mm的牙周位点间PD的恢复有统计学差异(P<0.05),治疗后明显好转;而AL在治疗前后无统计学差异(P>0.05)。4个位点间改善程度的比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论Florida探针能够较准确、客观地评价牙周状况。牙周非手术治疗对牙周炎具有良好的治疗效果,前牙疗效更为明显,同一牙齿不同位点的疗效基本一致。

Florida牙周探针的应用及维护方法研究

阐述了Florida电子压力敏感牙周探针系统临床的应用及维护,证明了其不仅能够进行精确的电子测量,还能较真实地反应患者牙周状况;指出该探针具有单人操作、省时、减少数据录入过程产生的误差等优点,且直观的检查结果使患者能够理解牙周病及其当前的健康状况。

Florida牙周探针在中老年慢性牙周炎患者风险评估中的应用

牙周探针是目前牙周检查和诊断的最重要工具之一，主要用于牙周病的诊断、牙周炎严重程度和治疗效果的评估。Florida电子压力敏感牙周探针系统（以下简称Florida探针）可对牙周病患者实施风险评估，其目的是为了让患者认识他们所面临的风险因素，以及这些风险因素将如何影响牙周病治疗效果。

对Florida探针临床应用的评价

目的评价Florida探针的临床应用价值。方法选择10例牙周炎患者为研究对象,同一检查者先后使用Florida探针与普通探针测量每位患者的探诊深度,检查所有天然牙的近中颊、颊正中、远中颊、近中舌、舌正中、远中舌六个位点。对测量结果进行相关性、一致性检验;应用视觉模拟评分法,比较患者接受两种探针检查时的舒适度。结果 Florida探针与普通牙周探针测量结果有良好的相关性(r=0.784)和一致性(Kappa=0.638),浅袋和中等袋的一致性比深袋更好。使用Florida探针比普通牙周探针让患者感觉更舒适。结论 Florida探针可以在临床工作中使用。

Florida探针对伴糖尿病牙周炎患者牙周治疗的评估

目的利用Florida探针评价合并糖尿病慢性牙周炎患者牙周非手术治疗的疗效。方法选择合并糖尿病慢性牙周炎患者10例，进行牙周非手术治疗，使用Florida探针检测患者在治疗前和治疗结束后3个月时的牙周探诊深度（PD）和附着丧失（AL）。结果前牙组、后牙组和所有牙组在治疗后PD和AL较治疗前均有改善（P〈0．01），且前牙组牙周袋深度治疗前后的改变较后牙组明显（P〈0．05）。6个位点治疗前后的PD和AL有统计学差异（P〈0．05），而6个位点治疗前后的差值比较则无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论慢性牙周炎伴糖尿病患者对牙周非手术治疗具有良好的治疗反应。Florida探针能够较准确、客观地评价牙周状况。

美国Florida大学数学系的学术交流活动

位于美国Gainesville市的Florida大学(UF)创建于1853年,是一所具有文、理、工、农、医、法等学科门类的综合性大学。现有45000多名学生,其中有2000多名留学生(来自100多个国家),研究生人数占学生总数的20%左右;教师4000余人,包括各类院士30人(科学院,工程院,医学院,外籍院士)。学校由17个学院组成。属于其中自由艺术与科学学院(Lib-eral Arts and Science)的数学系有教职工60余名,其中教授近20名。笔者以客座教授(Courtesy Professor)的身份,于2000年4月至10月访问了该校的数学系。佛罗里达大学数学系的学术交流活动可大致分成A,B,C,D,E,F等6类。 A类:学术讲座系列(Colloquium Lecture Series)。自1999年起,UF数学系设立了两个学术讲座系列:即Ulam,Erdos学术讲座系列。这两个讲座的主讲人是由系主任从某一数学研究领域有影响的数学家中聘请的,每年各一位。例如:2000年的Erdos讲座的主讲人是Fields奖获得者、Oxford大学数学教授Daniel Quillen,他报告的题目是:"Module Theoryof Nonunital Rings"。

The Potential Contribution of Subsurface Drip Irrigation to Water-Saving Agriculture in the Western USA

Water shortages within the western USA are resulting in the adoption of water-saving agricultural practices within this region. Among the many possible methods for saving water in agriculture, the adoption of subsurface drip irrigation （SDI） provides a potential solution to the problem of low water use efficiency. Other advantages of SDI include reduced NO3 leaching compared to surface irrigation, higher yields, a dry soil surface for improved weed control, better crop health, and harvest flexibility for many specialty crops. The use of SDI also allows the virtual elimination of crop water stress, the ability to apply water and nutrients to the most active part of the root zone, protection of drip lines from damage due to cultivation and tillage, and the ability to irrigate with wastewater while preventing human contact. Yet, SDI is used only on a minority of cropland in the arid western USA. Reasons for the limited adoption of SDI include the high initial capital investment required, the need for intensive management, and the urbanization that is rapidly consuming farmland in parts of the western USA. The contributions of SDI to increasing yield, quality, and water use efficiency have been demonstrated. The two major barriers to SDI sustainability in arid regions are economics （i.e., paying for the SDI system）, including the high cost of installation; and salt accumulation, which requires periodic leaching, specialized tillage methods, or transplanting of seedlings rather than direct-seeding. We will review advances in irrigation management with SDI.

Florida牙周探针在种植体周围软组织探诊中的临床应用评价

目的:采用Florida牙周探针进行种植体周围软组织的探诊检查,为选择适当临床检查手段、探诊力度及种植体周围软组织维护期治疗提供临床依据。方法:选择62例完成种植上部修复6个月以上的患者,且对侧同名牙为天然牙,分别使用普通牙周探针与Florida探针检查牙周袋探诊深度(PD)值2次,将天然牙和种植牙按探诊是否出血分为炎症组(n=32)和健康组(n=30),比较2种探针在天然牙和种植体周围软组织检查位点测量PD值的变异系数(CV)值。结果:普通牙周探针测量健康组和炎症组患者天然牙和种植牙的PD值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Florida牙周探针测量健康组和炎症组患者天然牙和种植牙的PD值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。检测健康组患者种植体周围软组织PD值时,Florida探针的CV值小于普通牙周探针(t=2.489,P=0.019);检测炎症组患者种植体周围软组织PD值时,Florida探针的CV值小于普通牙周探针(t=2.238,P=0.033)。炎症组患者种植牙PD值的CV值高于健康组(Z=3.804,P<0.01;Z=2.913,P=0.004);炎症组和健康组天然牙PD值的CV值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在天然牙和种植牙的健康位点及炎症位点的探诊检查中2种探针均具有较好的可重复性。在健康种植体周围软组织和炎症种植体周围软组织的探诊检查中,Florida牙周探针重复性好于普通牙周探针。

对新一代Florida探针临床测量可重复性和舒适度的评价

目的评价新一代Florida探针测量牙周袋深度的可重复性和舒适度。方法在基础治疗后3个月维护期内,选择35例牙周炎患者为研究对象,2位检查者先后使用普通探针与Florida探针重复测量每个位点的探诊深度各2次,分别比较2种探针测量牙周袋探诊深度的可重复性,及2位检查者使用同1种探针测量牙周袋探诊深度的可重复性。应用视觉模拟评分法,比较患者接受2种探针检查时的舒适度。结果新一代Florida探针与普通牙周探针测量的牙周袋探诊深度重复性均良好(P>0.05),浅袋和中袋的可重复性比深袋更好(P<0.05)。但在不同测量者之间Florida探针可重复性略优于普通牙周探针(P<0.05),且比使用普通牙周探针让患者感觉更舒适(P<0.05)。结论新一代Florida探针可可靠的在慢性牙周炎维护期患者的临床研究中使用。

A bruptchanges in an 8000-year precipitationreconst ruction for Nevada,the Western USA

A scanning t-test algorithm for detecting multiple time-scale abrupt changes in the level of a time-series was used to analyze an 8000 year time series of annual precipitation which was reconstructed from tree rings for the Nevada Climate Division 3 in the western USA. The tree ring samples were gathered from eight states in the southwestern USA. Twenty-two change-points were identified by the algorithm and these were used to partition the tree-ring series into twenty-three relatively Wet/Normal/Dry episodes. These twenty-three episodes were collaborated by a coherency analysis of abrupt changes between the precipitation reconstruction series and the TIC/δ^18O records from cored sediments of Pyramid Lake in Nevada, and by comparison with published results from related studies. These episodes were also compared with studies of the global climate change and with records of climate change in China during the same periods. The results suggest that the precipitation reconstruction series is quite valuable for climate-change research on multi-centurial time-scales in the western USA, and that the scanning t-test and coherency detection algorithms may have a wide use for detecting multiple time-scale abrupt changes in a long time series. As the TIC and δ^18O record series are high resolution with unequal sampling intervals ranging between 3 and 14 years, a new algorithm was developed to deal with the unequal time intervals in the series.

Ground fissure hazards in USA and China

Tremendous losses were caused by ground fissure hazard both in USA and China. Six states of southwestern USA and seven provinces of central China were affected by the destructive ground fissures. The aseismic ground fissure hazards usually take place in land subsidence area. The comparison of the two countries' ground fissures were given including ground fissure formation, evolution, mechanics of destruction and countermeasures against them. The destructive ground fissures occurred about a half century earlier in USA than in China The mechanisms of various ground fissures were analyzed with interdisciplinary studies. It has been found that the preexisted faults are serving as the bases of forming modem ground fissure, and human activities, e.g. over pumping ground water, or oil, can accelerate the creeping of the fissures and make them destructive to many kinds of civil engineering. The countermeasures to mitigate ground fissure hazard were put forward, not only in science and technology but also in social administration. The successful practices in the two countries were introduced as examples.

Florida Turkey Nest Site Selection and Success

Changing landscapes and land-use practices are altering habitat for Florida wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo osceola). However, an understanding of habitat determinants of nest success is lacking for this unique turkey subspecies, potentially limiting conservation success. We examined female wild turkey nest site selection and nest success at microhabitat and patch levels using logistic regression in an Information-Theoretical framework in Florida, 2008-2010. We captured and radio-equipped adult female turkeys, and followed birds to nests. Nests were monitored to document success, and habitat was measured at multiple levels at nest and random sites. Females selected nest sites in dense vegetation (i.e., increased saw palmetto cover [Serenoa repens] and higher palm stem densities) that may have provided lateral and vertical cover for concealment at the microhabitat level (i.e., area within 7 m of the nest), while selecting for a more open habitat (i.e., decreasing hardwood and conifer stem densities) at the patch level (i.e., area within 28 m of the nest). Similarly, successful nests were in more dense vegetation at the nest site (i.e., increased saw palmetto cover) in an otherwise more open habitat (i.e., lower basal area) than unsuccessful nests. Habitat management that creates patches of dense shrub vegetation such as saw palmetto within an open landscape may be best for Florida wild turkey nesting habitat and success.

Investigation into Semen Characteristics of Naturally-Fertile Pairs in Vitro and Their correlation with Fertility in Florida Sandhill Crane

Semen characteristics of naturally fertile pairs and their correlation with fertility of eggs in Florida sandhill crane (Grus canadensis pratensis) were examined. Six pairs were used in this experiment, and all of them that had bred before were housed in open individual pens. These pairs were isolated physically each other but not visually and audibly. Semen was collected twice (Tuesday morning and Friday afternoon) from February 26 to June 4, 1993. The standard methods at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center were used collecting and evaluating the semen and spermatozoa. and incubating the eggs. There were statistically individual variations (p<0.05) about successful collecting attempts, semen volume, semen concentration, spermatozoon’s motility,spermatozoon’s number per collection, live spermatozoon’s number, male’s response to semen collection, and morphology of spermatozoa except the giant cell. There was a significantly (p<0.05, correlation coefficient was (0.73 or (1 .00) negative correlation between fertility of eggs and the multiple value of semen (sperm) characteristics of naturally fertile pairs in Florida sandhill crane.

Variation in Stomatal Characteristics of <i>Bursera simaruba</i>(L.) Sarg., a Dominant Tree Species of Tropical Hardwood Hammock Forest across a Habitat Gradient in the Florida Keys

Tree species in coastal forests may exhibit specialization or plasticity in coping with drought through changes in their stomatal morphology or activity, allowing for a balance between gas exchange and water loss in a periodically stressful environment. To examine these responses, we sought to answer two primary research questions: a) how is variation in B. simaruba’s stomatal traits partitioned across hierarchical levels, i.e., site, tree, and leaf;and b) is variation in stomatal traits an integrated response to physiological stress expressed across the habitat gradient of Florida Keys forests? At eight sites distributed throughout the Keys, five leaves were collected from three mature trees for stomatal analysis. Leaf carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) was determined to infer the changes in water use efficiency caused by physiological stress experienced by each tree. The results showed that substantial proportions of the total variance in three traits (stomatal density, stomatal size, and δ13C) were observed at all levels, suggesting that processes operating at each scale are important in determining trait values. A significant negative correlation between stomatal density and size across scales was observed. Path model analysis showed that environmental variables, distance to ground water and ground water salinity, affect leaf δ13C indirectly, via its effects on stomatal traits, not directly to leaf δ13C. Therefore, the combination of small and densely distributed stomata seems to represent a strategy that allows B. simaruba to conserve water under conditions of physiological drought induced by either higher ground water salinity or flooding stress at very low elevation.