Consumption of energy beverage is associated with attenuation of arterial endothelial flow-mediated dilatation

AIMTo investigate whether consumption of an energy drink will acutely impair endothelial function in young healthy adults.METHODSEnergy drinks are being consumed more and more worldwide, and have been associated with some deaths in adolescents and young adults, especially when consumed while exercising. After fasting and not smoking for at least 8 h prior, eleven medical students (9 males) received an electrocardiogram, blood pressure and pulse check, and underwent baseline testing (BL) of endothelial function using the technique of endothelium-dependent flow mediated dilatation (FMD) with high-resolution ultrasound (according to recommended guidelines of the University of Wisconsin Atherosclerosis Imaging Research Program Core Laboratory). The subjects then drank an energy beverage (EB), a 24-oz can of Monster Energy, and the above was repeated at 90 min after consumption. The relative FMD (%) was calculated as the ratio between the average post-cuff release and the baseline diameter. Each image was checked for quality control, and each artery diameter was measured from the media to media points by two experts, 3 measurements at the QRS complex, repeated on 3 separate beats, and then all were averaged.RESULTSSubjects characteristics averages (given with standard deviations) include: Age 24.5 ± 1.5 years, sex 9 male and 2 female, weight 71.0 ± 9.1 kg, height 176.4 ± 6.0 cm, BMI 22.8 ± 2.7 kg/m2. The hemodynamics were as follows, BL vs EB group respectively (mean ± SD): Heart rate 65.2 ± 11.3 vs 68.2 ± 11.8 beats per minute, systolic blood pressure 114.0 ± 10.4 mmHg vs 114.1 ± 10.4 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 68.8 ± 9.3 mmHg vs 70.6 ± 7.1 mmHg; all were not significantly different. However after drinking the EB, a significantly attenuated peak FMD response was measured (mean ± SD): BL group 5.9% ± 4.6% vs EB group 1.9% ± 2.1%; P = 0.03). Given the increased consumption of energy beverages associated with exercise in young adults, more research is needed.CONCLUSIONEnergy beverage consumption has a negative impact on arterial endothelial function in young healthy adults.

Examination of Possible Flow Turbulence during Flow-Mediated Dilation Testing

The validity of the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) test has been doubted due to the lack of normalization to the primary stimulus, shear stress. Shear stress can be calculated using a simplified mathematical model based on Poiseuille’s law. Poiseuille’s law assumes that the blood velocity profile is parabolic. The presence of turbulence will violate this assumption. The Reynolds number (RE) is used to define critical values for the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. Between RE values of 2000 and 4000, flow enters a transitional phase where turbulence is possible. Purpose: To determine whether brachial artery blood flow becomes turbulent during reactive hyperemia following forearm ischemia. Methods: Eleven healthy male subjects (25 ± 5 years) were tested. Brachial artery diameters and blood velocities were measured continuously following 2, 4, 6 and 10 minutes ischemia. The peak post-ischemic RE (REpeak) and RE integrated over 40 seconds (RE40) post-ischemia were calculated. Results: There was a significant change in REpeak (F4,7 = 98.573, p = ≤ 0.001) and RE40) (F4,7) = 50.613, p = ≤ 0.001) in response to ischemia. Within-subjects contrasts revealed a significant increase in REpeak and RE40 for each duration of ischemia versus baseline (p = ≤ 0.001). Following 4 minutes of ischemia there was approximately 12 seconds of potentially turbulent flow. Conclusion: Blood flow transitions between laminar and turbulent flow during ischemia-induced reactive hyperemia. This may limit the efficacy of estimating shear stress when using the standard FMD test protocol.

Determining factors for carotid mean/max intima-media thickness and brachial flow-mediated dilation in healthy young women

Background: Many factors can contribute to atherosclerotic-type vascular changes in older individuals or men. Thus, confining the investigation to young women with no clinical evidence of the condition could enhance understanding of the early stages of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether carotid mean/max intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) values, which are well-known event-related indices, are associated with laboratory data and the other vascular indices of atherosclerosis in healthy young women. Methods: Carotid mean/max IMT and brachial FMD were measured in young women with no clinical evidence of atherosclerosis (n = 110;mean age, 39 years) who were instructed not to eat, drink or smoke after 9 PM the evening before testing. All participants also underwent laboratory assessment, including simultaneous measurements of arterial stiffness such as augmentation index (AI), cardioankle vascular index (CAVI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: Mean IMT was signifi-cantly and positively associated with age (p = 0.002), CAVI (p = 0.044), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, p = 0.047) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, p = 0.002) values but was not related to FMD, AI, baPWV or triglycerides (TG) in the multivariate regression analysis. Similarly, max IMT was positively associated with age (p p = 0.003) and hs-CRP (p = 0.005) values but was not related to FMD, AI, CAVI, baPWV, TG or blood pressure level in the multivariate regression analysis. The association between LDL-C and max IMT was much stronger than that between LDL-C and mean IMT. Brachial FMD was positively associated only with heart rate in the multivariate regression analysis. Conclusions: These results suggest that mean IMT more closely represents the sclerotic aspect of vascular change, whereas max IMT represents the atherotic aspect in healthy young women. Although the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and heart rate is well-known, there may be a complex interaction between the autonomic nervous system and endothelial function.

The effect of aerobic training on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with coronary artery disease who were revascularized and young men

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after revascularization and healthy young men. Background: Impaired endothelial function has been observed in patients with CAD and those with CAD risk factors. Studies have shown that exercise can enhance endothelial function. Methods: This experimental cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with CAD (3 months after CABG and PCI) and students of medical school in 2011. Endothelium dependent dilation of the brachial artery was determined by using high-resolution vascular ultrasonography through flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) after induction of ischemia, and the data were analyzed using SPSS, dependent t-test and ANCOVA. Findings: The findings showed that at baseline, FMD was reduced in revascularized patients, when compared with healthy young men, after 8 weeks, and exercise training significantly improved FMD in patients underwent training group [from 4.31 ± 1.45 (SD)% to 6.15 ± 0.773 (SD)%, p p ed unchanged, and even after aerobic training, it did not significantly modify the brachial artery diameter in these groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that endothelial dysfunction persisting in CAD patients after revascularization and aerobic training can improve endothelial function in different vascular beds in CAD patients and healthy young men. This may contribute to the benefit of regular exercise in preventing and restricting cardiovascular disease.

Physical Activity and Vascular Dilation Function in Healthy Middle-aged Individuals

Objective:Vascular dilation dysfunction has been linked with risk of cardiovascular disease.This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between physical activity and vascular dilation function in healthy middle-aged adults to help explaining the effect of physical activity on preventing cardiovascular disease.Method:We recruited 91 healthy middle-aged adults to complete a self-report 7-day physical activity recall questionnaire and an exam of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation(FMD) and Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation(NMD) detected by ultrasound.The relationship between physical activity level(PAL) and FMD and NMD were explored.Result:Physical activity showed a significant and positive relationship with the brachial artery FMD,even after adjustment for possible confounding factors(r=0.363,P<0.01).The group of high physical activity level had the highest FMD.The means of FMD(%) in low,moderate and high PAL groups were respectively 8.70%±3.93%,9.01%±3.22% and 12.38±5.67% with significant difference between individuals of low and high PAL and between moderate and high PAL group(P<0.01).The means of NMD(%) is 25.13%±6.52%,24.38%±5.44% and 29.50%±7.25% respectively(P> 0.05) and there was no significant difference among three groups.There was no positive relation between PAL and FMD in premenopausal females but in men and postmenopausal females.Although individuals of high PAL have the best FMD,the moderate PAL can also retard FMD decrease with ageing.Conclusion:Maintaining high physical activity level can enhance endothelial-dependent vascular dilation,and moderate or high physical activity level can prevent endothelial-dependent vascular dilation declining with aging,which may contribute to decrease risk of cardiovascular disease in healthy middle-aged adults.

Impaired brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and increased carotid intima-media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Background Carotid artery intima-media thickness （CIMT） and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation percentage （FMD%） are common parameters used for detecting subclinical atherosclerosis. This study compared subclinical atherosclerosis of the carotid and brachial arteries in rheumatoid arthritis （RA） patients and healthy controls using high resolution ultrasonography. We also investigated their correlation with clinical factors and the association between FMD% and CIMT.

瑞舒伐他汀对高血压患者内皮功能及hs-CRP的影响

目的研究瑞舒伐他汀对单纯血压患者内皮功能及hs-CRP的影响。方法 67例单纯性高血压患者随机分为对照组(34例)和实验组(33例),分别给予瑞舒伐他汀(10 mg QN)或安慰剂治疗3月,观察血浆超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、LDL-C、内皮依赖的舒张功能(FMD)和非内皮依赖的舒张功能(NMD)的变化。结果治疗3月后,与治疗前比较,实验组的hs-CRP[(6.98±1.20)mg/L vs(6.56±1.08)mg/L,P<0.05]降低,FMD[(6.74±0.64)%vs(7.81±1.37)%,P<0.05]和NMD[(16.59±0.54)%vs(18.19±0.86)%,P<0.05]升高,均具有统计学差异,LDL-C无显著改变(P>0.05)。对照组中hs-CRP、LDL-C、FMD、NMD治疗前后比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀可改善单纯高血压患者的内皮功能,降低hs-CRP的水平。

PCOS患者C-反应蛋白与颈动脉内膜中层厚度、内皮依赖性舒张功能的相关性研究

目的:观察多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)浓度与颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、内皮依赖性舒张功能(FMD)的变化及其关系,探讨PCOS患者是否存在早期动脉粥样硬化。方法:对51例PCOS患者(PCOS组)和50例同期就诊的输卵管性不孕症患者(对照组)采用超声检测IMT、FMD,免疫浊度法测定CRP浓度。按体重指数(BMI)≥25kg/m2或<25kg/m2分为PCOS肥胖组(25例)、PCOS非肥胖组(26例)。结果:PCOS肥胖组及非肥胖组颈动脉IMT、血清CRP浓度均高于对照组(P<0.05),PCOS肥胖组IMT、血清CRP浓度高于非肥胖组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。FMD在PCOS肥胖组及非肥胖组较对照组低(P<0.05)。PCOS肥胖组及非肥胖组出现内膜形态改变的比率均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。直线相关分析显示CRP与IMT具有显著的正相关(r=0.30,P<0.05);CRP与FMD具有显著的负相关(r=-0.59,P<0.01)。多元回归分析显示HOMA-IR、CRP对IMT有显著影响。结论:PCOS患者尤其伴有肥胖者可能存在血管内皮损伤、早期动脉粥样硬化,炎症反应可能参与了PCOS患者血管内皮损伤的发生发展。纠正胰岛素抵抗,可能减少PCOS远期并发症的发生。

久坐间断对成年人血管功能的急性影响与调节因素:荟萃分析

目的:持续性地久坐行为会急性降低外周与中枢血管功能,进而加剧罹患心血管疾病风险。久坐间断可能是预防持续久坐对血管功能危害的潜在实用策略,但目前关于其急性功效的已有研究结论并不一致,也尚未得出具体的应用建议。文章旨在对久坐间断对成人外周与中枢血管功能的急性影响进行荟萃分析,并探究其调节因素。方法:基于PRISMA报告规范,以“interrupting”“sedentary”与“vascular function”等为文献检索特征词,于2024年3月检索Web of Science核心合集、PubMed和中国知网数据库。纳入久坐间断对成人外周与中枢血管功能的急性影响的急性随机交叉试验文献。基于Cochrane开发的Risk of Bias 2评估偏倚风险,并基于GRADE系统评价证据等级。使用R语言(版本4.2.0)中的“meta”与“metafor”包进行主效应合并(Hedge’s g作为效应量指标)、发表偏倚检验、亚组与回归分析。结果:纳入22篇随机交叉试验,共364例受试者(年龄21-70岁)。相比于持续不间断久坐,久坐间断急性提升外周血管血流量(Hedge’s g=0.48,95%CI:0.14-0.82,P<0.01,I2=63%,低证据等级)、剪切应力(Hedge’s g=0.65,95%CI:0.37-0.93,P<0.01,I^(2)=54%,中等证据等级)与血流介导的血管舒张功能(Hedge’s g=0.43,95%CI:0.15-0.72,P<0.01,I2=61%,中等证据等级)。疾病(亚组间P=0.01)与性别(亚组间P=0.01)对血流量的主效应合并有显著调节作用(亚组间P=0.01),间断方式(亚组间P=0.01)与频率(亚组间P=0.02)对剪切应力的主效应合并有显著调节作用。久坐间断改善外周血管剪切应力受年龄(β=-0.02,95%CI:-0.03-0.01,P=0.09)与体质量指数(β=-0.10,95%CI:-0.18至-0.02,P<0.01)影响。久坐间断改善血流介导的血管舒张功能受总间断次数(β=-0.09,95%CI:-0.17至-0.01,P=0.03)与试验期间久坐控制时长影响(β=-0.21,-0.34至-0.09,P<0.01);每增加1 h久坐时长与久坐间断对血流介导的血管舒张功能的急性提升效果降低0.67%相关(P<0.01),当久坐控制时间>6 h时,久坐间断的急性收益消失。定性系统综述发现,久坐间断对各类人群血管脉搏波速度无显著影响,但可能预防老年人因持续久坐引起的中枢血管功能下降。结论:久坐间断急性提升成人外周血管血流量(低证据强度)、剪切应力(中证据强度)与血流介导的血管舒张功能(中证据强度),并可能预防、保护老年人因持续久坐引起的中枢血管功能下降(非常低证据等级)。受试者特征(疾病因素、性别、年龄与体质量指数)、间断干预方案(方式、频率、总间断次数)与久坐控制时长均会影响久坐间断对血管功能的急性改善效果。建议各类成人通过爬楼等大肌肉群参与的运动方式,以较高频率(如,每40 min进行1次)进行单次至少5 min的中低强度运动间断久坐,且每日持续久坐的累积时长不要超过6 h。

躁狂症患者FMD和血清ET-1、CK水平的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨躁狂症患者肱动脉血流介导的血管扩张功能(FMD),以及血清内皮素-1(ET-1)、肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)水平的变化及临床意义。方法:选取本院收治的100例躁狂症患者(躁狂组),以同期体检的健康志愿者50例为对照组。比较治疗前两组受试者的FMD和血清ET-1、CK水平,以及治疗前不同躁狂程度患者的ET-1、FMD、CK;比较治疗前后躁狂患者的BRMS评分、FMD及血清ET-1、CK水平,并分析治疗前ET-1、FMD、CK与BRMS评分的相关性。结果:治疗前,躁狂组患者血清ET-1、CK水平明显高于对照组,FMD显低于对照组(P<0.01);且不同病情严重程度躁狂患者ET-1、CK、FMD比较差异显著(P<0.05)。治疗后,躁狂患者的BRMS评分及血清ET-1、CK水平显著低于治疗前,FMD显著高于治疗高(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,躁狂症患者血清CK、ET-1水平与BRMS评分成正相关关系(P<0.05),FMD与BRMS评分成负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:血清CK、ET-1水平和FMD可作为评估躁狂症患者病情严重程度和病情变化的重要指标。

非瓣膜性房颤患者肱动脉FMD、颈动脉IMT及左房容积与CHA_2DS_2-VASc评分的关系

目的探讨非瓣膜性房颤患者肱动脉血管内皮功能(FMD)、颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)及左房容积与CHA_2DS_2-VASc评分的关系。方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月我院收治的非瓣膜性房颤患者200例作为观察组,均通过心电图和(或) 24小时动态心电图明确诊断为持续性心房颤动,并使用CHA_2DS_2-VASc评分表进行评分分组。选取同期150例年龄、性别、吸烟史相匹配的非房颤者作为对照组。比较两组的临床指标,并进一步探讨非瓣膜性房颤患者肱动脉FMD、颈动脉IMT及左房容积与CHA_2DS_2-VASc评分的关系。结果观察组与对照组的高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、 FMD、 LVDd、左房容积、 IMT比较均有统计学差异(P <0.05)。低中危组和高危组的性别、年龄、吸烟、糖尿病、 FMD、左房容积比较均有统计学差异(P <0.05)。FMD、左房容积为非瓣膜性房颤缺血性卒中风险的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。结论 FMD、颈动脉IMT及左房容积与非瓣膜性房颤缺血性卒中相关,且FMD及左房容积为非瓣膜性房颤患者缺血性卒中的独立危险因素。

40 m高压空气暴露对潜水员肱动脉功能的影响

目的探讨40 m高压空气暴露对潜水员肱动脉功能的影响。方法选择5名潜水员作为受试者。所有受试者均接受最高压力为40 m的高压空气暴露,高气压暴露时间共计190 min。采用多普勒超声诊断仪检测高气压暴露前后受试者的肱动脉直径、收缩峰值流速(SPV)、阻力指数(RI),计算血流介导的血管舒张(FMD),评价高气压暴露对肱动脉功能的影响。结果与高气压暴露前相比,高气压暴露后肱动脉直径呈下降趋势(P>0.05),RI和FMD稍有升高(P>0.05),而SPV下降(P<0.05)。结论40 m高压空气暴露可导致肱动脉收缩,血流阻力增加、流速下降,但对肱动脉的功能影响较小,FMD变化不显著。

腹膜透析患者容量超负荷与内皮功能障碍密切相关

目的探讨腹膜透析患者容量超负荷是否通过对血管内皮的损害导致患者心血管疾病的高死亡率。方法采用横断面研究,选取81例持续非卧床腹膜透析患者为研究对象,容量指标用多频生物电阻抗分析仪测定,采用身高标化的细胞外液作为容量指标,用血流介导的扩张反应反映内皮功能,血流介导的扩张反应为反应性充血后内径变化与静息内径比值。结果有37例男性患者及44例女性患者入选本研究,平均年龄和透析龄分别是61±12岁和20±23个透析月。女性患者血流介导的扩张反应明显高于男性患者(9.17%±6.23%和6.31%±5.01%,P<0.05)。血流介导的扩张反应与体重(r=-0.308,P<0.01)、体质指数(r=-0.242,P<0.05)、收缩压(r=-0.228,P<0.05)、细胞外液(r=-0.404,P<0.001)和身高标化的细胞外液(r=-0.418,P<0.001)均存在负相关性。多元回归分析结果显示,身高标化的细胞外液(β=-0.343)、钙磷乘积(β=0.442)及透析龄(β=-0.237)是影响血流介导的扩张反应的独立决定因素(矫正R2=0.327)。结论身高标化的细胞外液较高的患者血管内皮功能较差,此结果有助于理解容量超负荷可增加腹膜透析患者心血管疾病的发生率和死亡率。

高血压病患者血清脂蛋白a与肱动脉血流依赖性舒张功能的关系

目的 探讨高血压病患者肱动脉血流依赖性舒张功能与血清脂蛋白a(Lpa)的相关关系。 方法 选择 186例原发性高血压病患者 ,另选 31例正常人为对照组。应用B超对肱动脉进行扫查 ,在静息、反应性充血时对肱动脉内径进行检测 ,计算不同状态下的管径变化及血流介导的内皮依赖性血管扩张率 (Flow -MD % )。将所有对象按Flow -MD %大小分成 4个亚组 ,比较各组Lpa情况。 结果 随血脂蛋白a浓度增大 ,Flow -MD %逐渐减小 ,脂蛋白a与Flow -MD %呈负相关关系 ,r =- 0 .6 5 2 ,P <0 .0 1。结论 高脂蛋白a与高血压病患者血管壁的早期损害有关系。

血管舒张功能评价长期血液灌流串联血液透析对患者血管内皮功能的价值

目的探讨血流介导的血管舒张功能(FMD)对长期血液灌流串联血液透析患者血管内皮功能的评价作用。方法以2013年3月至2016年1月上海市松江区中心医院诊治的73例维持性血液透析患者为研究对象,其中单纯血液透析(HD)33例(HD组),血液灌流串联血液透析(HP+HD)治疗40例(HP+HD组),选择同期健康体检40例正常人群为对照组,比较各组肱动脉FMD、硝酸甘油介导的血管舒张功能(NMD)及微炎症相关指标。结果与对照组比较,HD组、HP+HD组透析前肱动脉FMD均低,血清hs-CRP、TNF-α水平均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与透析前比较,HD组透析后肱动脉FMD下降[(7.10±1.52)%vs(4.75±1.65)%](P<0.05),而HP+HD组则上升[(7.08±1.60)%vs(8.40±1.53)%];HP+HD组透析后肱动脉FMD大于HD组,血清hs-CRP、TNF-α水平均低于HD组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组肱动脉NMD比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长期血液透析患者多存在血管内皮功能异常,单纯血液透析加重患者血管内皮功能损害,而血液灌流串联血液透析能有效改善机体微炎症状态及减轻血管内皮功能损害。

力量训练对增龄性血管内皮功能的影响及机制

目的:研究力量训练对老年人血管内皮功能和炎症因子的影响,探讨力量训练对增龄性血管内皮功能影响的机制。方法:11例老年男性[平均年龄(70.63±3.93)岁]进行12周的力量训练,使用多普勒超声显像技术测定受试者运动训练前后的血流介导的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(FMD),同时检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs CRP)、脂联素(adiponectin)。结果:经过12周的力量训练后,老年人体脂率显著降低(P<0.05),血糖、血脂出现显著性下降,肌肉力量显著增加,同时FMD显著提高(P<0.05),而TNF-α、IL-6、hs CRP水平出现显著降低,adiponectin显著升高;FMD增加的程度与血清TNF-α、IL-6、hs CRP降低的程度,以及adiponectin升高的程度呈显著正相关。结论:12周的力量训练提高了老年人血管内皮功能,减低了炎症反应水平;力量训练提高老年人血管内皮功能与炎症水平下降有关,这可能是力量训练提高老年人心血管机能的机制之一。

内源性雌激素对血管内皮功能的作用

为探讨内源性雌激素对女性冠心病患者血管内皮功能的作用及其可能机制 ,采用高分辨力超声法测定33例女性冠心病患者和 17例对照者血流介导的肱动脉舒张反应 ,用双抗体放射免疫法测定血浆雌二醇水平 ,高效液相色谱仪测定血浆非对称性二甲基精氨酸含量。结果发现 ,冠心病患者血流介导的肱动脉舒张反应明显低于对照者 (1.73%± 1.2 6 %比 5 .37%± 3.2 0 % ,P <0 .0 0 1) ,冠心病患者雌二醇水平也明显低于对照者 (2 7.80± 12 .2 8ng L比 4 3.83± 14 .30ng L ,P <0 .0 1) ,而冠心病患者非对称性二甲基精氨酸水平明显高于对照者 (3.39± 1.0 7μmol L比1.31± 0 .6 9μmol L ,P <0 .0 0 1)。血流介导的肱动脉舒张反应与雌二醇水平呈正相关 (β =0 .314 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,与非对称性二甲基精氨酸水平呈负相关 (β=- 0 .30 2 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,且雌二醇水平与非对称性二甲基精氨酸呈独立负相关 (r=- 0 .5 4 4 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。结果提示 ,女性冠心病患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能降低。内源性雌激素水平的降低及其所伴随的非对称性二甲基精氨酸水平增高对女性冠心病患者血管内皮功能有损害作用。

老年冠心病患者中血尿酸对血管内皮功能紊乱的影响

目的研究老年冠心病患者中血尿酸（UA）和血管内皮功能的关系。方法本研究采用前瞻性队列研究，搜集78例老年冠心病患者和78例健康老年人，对这些人群进行抽血化验血UA、血脂及超敏C-反应蛋白（hs—CRP），检测患者血压、体质量指数（BMI），同时采用超声无创血流介导的血管舒张功能（FMD）进行血管内皮功能评估，并进行统计学分析。结果冠心病患者血UA明显高于正常健康患者[（408．6±116．0）μmol／Lvs．（327．5±92．8）μmol／L，P=0．007]；血UA与FMD、hs—CRP存在显著线性相关（均P〈0．01）。FMD与年龄、BMI、血压、总胆固醇均无明显相关性。多元线性回归分析显示，血UA是FMD的独立决定因子（β=-0．237，P=0．036）。结论在老年冠心病患者中血UA与FMD显著相关。血UA可能通过损伤血管内皮功能促进冠心病的发生及发展。

高血压病患者血管内皮功能和单核细胞趋化蛋白1变化的临床意义

目的评估高血压病患者血管内皮功能状态,并探讨其与血浆中单核细胞趋化蛋白1水平变化的临床意义。方法应用高分辨率B超检测肱动脉血流介导血管舒张功能,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血浆单核细胞趋化蛋白1、血管性假血友病因子的浓度,硝酸还原酶法间接反应血浆中一氧化氮水平。结果与对照组相比,高血压病患者肱动脉血流介导血管舒张功能(6.6%±2.6%比10.7%±1.8%)和血浆中一氧化氮浓度(16.90±5.49μmol/L比24.55±7.32μmol/L)明显下降(P<0.01);血管性假血友病因子(122.02±63.53ng/L比90.27±38.38ng/L,P<0.01)、单核细胞趋化蛋白1(19.94±8.95ng/L比15.93±6.78ng/L,P<0.05)的浓度升高,单核细胞趋化蛋白1和肱动脉血流介导血管舒张功能呈低度负相关(r=-0.278,P<0.05)。结论高血压病患者存在血管内皮功能不全,可能与单核细胞趋化蛋白1水平升高有关。

醒脑静联合脑蛋白水解物治疗脑卒中的疗效及其对患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响

目的探讨醒脑静注射液联合脑蛋白水解物治疗脑卒中的疗效及其对患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能(FMD)变化率的影响。方法选取2014年1月至2015年12月在我院住院治疗的脑卒中患者126例,采用随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组63例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上加用脑蛋白水解物60 m L静脉滴注,观察组则在此基础上再联用醒脑静注射液20 m L,14 d为一个疗程,连续治疗2个疗程。比较两组患者的神经功能缺损评分、FMD变化、血流动力学、不良反应及心脑血管事件复发情况。结果观察组患者在治疗14 d、1个月及6个月末的脑卒中临床神经功能缺损程度评分量表(CSS)评分分别为(9.57±2.46)分、(8.84±2.54)分、(7.25±2.35)分,均低于对照组患者的(16.22±2.92)分、(15.35±3.24)分、(13.76±2.97)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者在治疗3 d、7 d和14 d末的FMD分别为(5.83±0.84)%、(6.47±0.62)%、(8.26±0.54)%,均高于对照组患者的(5.45±0.76)%、(5.62±0.79)%、(5.82±0.56)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者在治疗14 d末的血浆黏度(1.09±0.34)m Pa·s、全血黏度高切(2.71±0.85)m Pa·s、全血黏度低切(5.62±0.63)m Pa·s和纤维蛋白含量(2.26±0.66)g/L均低于对照组[分别为(1.57±0.39)m Pa·s、(3.58±0.97)m Pa·s、(6.52±0.83)m Pa·s、(3.35±0.71)g/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗14 d末,观察组患者的治疗有效率为93.65%,显效率为66.67%,均明显高于对照组的80.95%和44.44%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的不良反应发生率为9.52%,与对照组的11.10%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论醒脑静联合脑蛋白水解物治疗脑卒中患者可明显改善神经功能缺损和脑血管内皮功能,安全性较好,有推广应用价值。