Investigation of Changes in Flow Parameters along the Transport Line in Installations for Pneumatic Transport of Cotton

The article presents the results of a study of changes in the parameters of the flow, velocity and pressure of air along the cotton transportation line in pneumatic transport installations and their dependence on the parameters of the pipeline. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate the choice of the pipeline diameter depending on the properties of the material (cotton), the required processing capacity and pipeline throughput. In the research, an analytical method was used to study changes in the pressure of the air flow along the transportation line at different pipeline diameters. It is established that, according to the existing calculation method, the flow pressure along the transportation line is reduced to zero. At the same time, various scientists have proposed various analytical and empirical dependencies, which, in turn, give different ideas about the resistance of the inner surface of the pipes to the movement of air and material flow and do not describe the real situation, especially when transporting material from a long distance. This requires in-depth theoretical and applied research to establish real patterns of changes in flow parameters along the material (cotton) transportation line.

π-J/ψ correlation and elliptic flow parameter v_2 of charmed mesons at RHIC energy

We study the correlation between the trigger π and the associated J/ψ on near and away sides in Au＋Au collisions at sNN^（1/2） = 200 GeV. In the region of trigger momentum pt 〉 4 GeV/c, the π spectrum is composed of thermal-shower and shower-shower recombinations in the frame work of the recombination model. We consider the azimuthal anisotropy in the quenched hard parton distribution and then calculate the elliptic flow parameter v2 of charmed mesons （J/ψ, D0 and Ds） for different centralities.

Relationship between ultrasound parameters of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries and intrauterine fetal distress

BACKGROUND By comprehensively analyzing the blood flow parameters of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries,doctors can more accurately identify fetal intrauterine distress,as well as assess its severity,so that timely interventions can be implemented to safeguard the health and safety of the fetus.AIM To identify the relationship between ultrasound parameters of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries and intrauterine distress.METHODS Clinical data of pregnant women admitted between January 2021 and January 2023 were collected and divided into the observation and control groups(n=50 each),according to the presence or absence of intrauterine distress.The ultrasound hemodynamic parameters of the uterine artery(UtA),fetal middle cerebral artery(MCA),and umbilical artery(UmA)were compared with neonatal outcomes and occurrence of intrauterine distress in the two groups.RESULTS Comparison of ultrasonic hemodynamic parameters,resistance index(RI),pulsatility index(PI),and systolic maximal blood flow velocity of UmA compared to diastolic blood flow velocity(S/D),revealed higher values of fetal MCA,PI,and S/D of UmA in pregnant women with UtA compared to controls(P<0.05),while there was no difference between the two groups in terms of RI(P<0.05)The incidence of a neonatal Apgar score of 8-10 points was lower in the observation group(66.7%)than in the control group(90.0%),and neonatal weight(2675.5±27.6 g)was lower than in the control group(3117.5±31.2 g).Further,cesarean section rate was higher in the observation group(70.0%)than in the control group(11.7%),and preterm labor rate was higher in the observation group(40.0%)than in the control group(10.0%).The incidence of fetal distress,neonatal growth restriction and neonatal asphyxia were also higher in the observation group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Fetal MCA,UmA,and maternal UtA hemodynamic abnormalities all develop in pregnant women with intrauterine distress during late pregnancy,which suggests that clinical attention should be paid to them,and monitoring should be strengthened to provide guidance for clinical intervention.

Predicting Endometrium Receptivity with Parameters of Spiral Artery Blood Flow

In order To evaluate whether the parameters of spiral artery blood flow, as measured by transvaginal color Doppler, may be used to assess endometrium receptivity prior to embryo transfer (ET), a retrospective study of 94 infertile women who had undergone ART treatments with different outcomes (pregnant or nonpregnant) was done. Subendometrial blood flow was evaluated. The resistance index (RI), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly lower in those who achieved pregnancy as compared with those who did not: 0.62±0.04 vs 0.68±0.04 (P<0.001), 2.66±0.33 vs 3.19±0.39 (P<0.01) and 1.15±0.17 vs 1.34±0.22 (P<0.05), respectively. Furthermore, when RI>0.72, PI>1.6, and S/D>3.6, no pregnancy occurred. These data suggest that the parameters of spiral artery blood flow could be used as a new assay in predicting endometrial receptivity before ET.

Rheological Behaviour for Polymer Melts and Concentrated SolutionsPart Ⅱ: Material Function with Nagai Chain Constraints and Determination of Their Parameters from Flow Curves

An integral constitutive equation and a set of material functions for describing the strain history of polymer melts were formulated in terms of the Cauchy-Green and Finger tensors. A simple memory function and the dependence of ηo and τt on M3.4 were derived from the theory of non-linear viscoelasticity with constraints of entanglements for polymer melts and substituted into the Oldroye-Walters-Fredickson constitutive equation. An integral constitutive equation for polymer melts was consequently obtained. Some material functions of the constitutive equation related to certain 'test flow' are examined as follows : (1) simple steady shear flow; (2) steady elongation flow; (3) small-amplitude oscillatory shear flow; (4) stress growth upon the inception of steady shear elongation flow; (5) stress relaxation (modulus and compllance). These theoretical relations for simple steady shear flow were compared with experimental data from our laboratory and references for various polymer melts and concentrated solutions. A good agreement between the theory and experiment was achieved.

STUDY OF A DIVICE ON THE WATCH FOR PARAMETER OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND ITS FLOW BY UNDAMAGED METHOD

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Non-Aligned Stagnation Point Flow of a Casson Fluid Past a Stretching Sheet in a Doubly Stratified Medium

This paper investigates the problem of oblique hydro magnetic stagnation point flow of an electrically conducting Casson fluid over stretching sheet embedded in a doubly stratified medium in the presence of thermal radiation and heat source/absorption with first order chemical reaction.It is assumed that the fluid impinges on the wall obliquely.Similarity variables were used to convert the partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations.The transformed ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting technique.It is observed that a boundary layer is formed when the stretching velocity of the surface is less than the in viscid free stream velocity at a point decreases with increase in the non-Newtonian rheology parameter.The augmentation of the temperature is observed with the magnetic parameter,heat source parameter and thermal radiation parameter while a reverse effect with thermal stratification number,Prandtl number and the velocity ratio parameter.Influence of Skin friction coefficient,Nusselt number and Sherwood number on the flow configurations for different values of pertinent parameters are portrayed graphically and discussed.Numerical results are compared with the published results and are found to be in good agreement with previously published results as special cases of present problem.The mass concentration is seen to be decrease with Schmidt number,chemical reaction parameter and solutal stratification number.

Resonance analysis of single DOF parameter-varying system of magnetic-liquid double suspension bearing

Magnetic-liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB)is mainly supported by electromagnetic suspension and supplemented by hydrostatic supporting.Its bearing capacity and stiffness can be greatly improved,and then it is suitable for the occasions of medium speed,heavy load.When the bearing system is excited by periodic force,the flow q and current i regulated by the double-closed-loop control mechanism change periodically.Then the risk of parametric resonance in MLDSB is greatly aggravated by the change of the parameter system,which seriously affects its operation stabil-ity and reliability.Therefore,this paper intends to study the resonance characteristics of the parame-ter system of MLDSB.Firstly,Marshall-Duffing equation of the parametric system is established by taking the flow q and the current i as variables respectively.Then,by using the asymptotic method,the occurrence condition and variation rule of the principal,1/2 Harmonic and 1/3 Harmonic para-metric resonance are solved.The results show that only the 1/2 Harmonic resonance of the flow q parameter varying system occurs accompanied by the resonance condition of high frequency.The principal,1/2 Harmonic and 1/3 Harmonic parametric resonance of the current i occur accompanied by the resonance condition of high frequency.And the 1/2 Harmonic resonance of the current i oc-curs accompanied by the non-single value bifurcation and dynamic bifurcation.The paper can pro-vide theoretical reference for the parameter design and stable operation of MLDSB.

Fast determination of meso-level mechanical parameters of PFC models

To solve the problems of blindness and inefficiency existing in the determination of meso-level mechanical parameters of particle flow code (PFC) models, we firstly designed and numerically carried out orthogonal tests on rock samples to investigate the correlations between macro-and meso-level mechanical parameters of rock-like bonded granular materials. Then based on the artificial intelligent technology, the intelligent prediction systems for nine meso-level mechanical parameters of PFC models were obtained by creating, training and testing the prediction models with the set of data got from the orthogonal tests. Lastly the prediction systems were used to predict the meso-level mechanical parameters of one kind of sandy mudstone, and according to the predicted results the macroscopic properties of the rock were obtained by numerical tests. The maximum relative error between the numerical test results and real rock properties is 3.28% which satisfies the precision requirement in engineering. It shows that this paper provides a fast and accurate method for the determination of meso-level mechanical parameters of PFC models.

Performance of the Wind Farm Parameterization Scheme Coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model under Multiple Resolution Regimes for Simulating an Onshore Wind Farm

We use the Wind Farm Parameterization(WFP) scheme coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting model under multiple resolution regimes to simulate turbulent wake dynamics generated by a real onshore wind farm and their influence at the local meteorological scale. The model outputs are compared with earlier modeling and observation studies. It is found that higher vertical and horizontal resolutions have great impacts on the simulated wake flow dynamics. The corresponding wind speed deficit and turbulent kinetic energy results match well with previous studies. In addition, the effect of horizontal resolution on near-surface meteorology is significantly higher than that of vertical resolution. The wake flow field extends from the start of the wind farm to downstream within 10 km, where the wind speed deficit may exceed 4%. For a height of 150 m or at a distance of about 25 km downstream, the wind speed deficit is around 2%. This indicates that, at a distance of more than 25 km downstream, the impact of the wind turbines can be ignored. Analysis of near-surface meteorology indicates a night and early morning warming near the surface, and increase in near-surface water vapor mixing ratio with decreasing surface sensible and latent heat fluxes. During daytime, a slight cooling near the surface and decrease in the near-surface water vapor mixing ratio with increasing surface sensible and latent heat fluxes is noticed over the wind farm area.

设计马赫数下高负荷压气机叶栅流动损失的参数化调控

为有效预测、调控高负荷压气机平面叶栅的旋涡结构与流动损失,本文以某高负荷的可控扩散叶型(CDA)拉伸生成的平面叶栅为研究对象,采用数值计算方法、损失权重系数分析方法研究了在几何、气动变量条件下,叶栅流道内的旋涡结构与流动损失之间的关联性。揭示了稠度,安装角和进、出口几何角等参数变化影响旋涡结构损失与出口截面损失的作用机理,建立了相对完整的各几何参数影响流动损失及损失权重系数的参数化表达式。结果表明:根据参数化表达式来对不同参数下的最优解进行预测后,各单参数变量下对应的最佳优化结果平均绝对误差不超过3%,对于影响损失较大的几何参数的损失权重系数预测时,平均绝对误差不超过6%。通过本文所提出的参数化方法,与传统损失模型相比,在计算高负荷压气机叶栅流动损失方面的精度得到了显著提升,一些预测精度提升了一个数量级。本文以最佳参数预测、重构一套优化叶栅,实际数值计算结果表明,相较于原型叶栅,优化叶栅出口截面损失下降了11.18%,扩压能力提升了8.04%,达到了定性预测的目的。

联合深度超参数卷积和交叉关联注意力的大位移光流估计

针对现有深度学习光流估计模型在大位移场景下的准确性和鲁棒性问题,提出了一种联合深度超参数卷积和交叉关联注意力的图像序列光流估计方法.首先,通过联合深层卷积和标准卷积构建深度超参数卷积以替代普通卷积,提取更多特征并加快光流估计网络训练的收敛速度,在不增加网络推理量的前提下提高光流估计的准确性;然后,设计基于交叉关联注意力的特征提取编码网络,通过叠加注意力层数获得更大的感受野,以提取多尺度长距离上下文特征信息,增强大位移场景下光流估计的鲁棒性;最后,采用金字塔残差迭代模型构建联合深度超参数卷积和交叉关联注意力的光流估计网络,提升光流估计的整体性能.分别采用MPI-Sintel和KITTI测试图像集对本文方法和现有代表性光流估计方法进行综合对比分析,实验结果表明本文方法取得了较好的光流估计性能,尤其在大位移场景下具有更好的估计准确性与鲁棒性.

在线电压稳定分析中快速连续潮流的应用

在线电压稳定分析中,快速连续潮流作为一个重要的分析手段发挥着核心的作用。连续法通过增加一维参数化方程,消除了在功率极限点附近的雅可比矩阵奇异的现象,能够精确地计算到临界点。在通过对参数化方程比较的基础上,采用不同的控制参数,应用负荷型连续潮流、故障型连续潮流、支路型连续潮流,得到三种不同的λV曲线,分析了它们在在线静态电压稳定分析中的应用。通过IEEE300节点系统的算例验证了这几种方法的正确性以及在实际应用中的可行性。

改进连续潮流计算鲁棒性的策略研究

在大量数值经验的基础上,从数值现象上区分了连续潮流计算失败的2种现象:临界点失败和非临界点失败。继而从理论上分析了出现这2种现象的原因:造成临界点失败的原因是对于某些具有强烈局部性质的电压失稳情形,采用全局性参数化方法无法克服临界点雅可比矩阵奇异;造成非临界点失败的原因是参数化使得原系统中的非奇异点变为系统扩展雅可比矩阵的奇异点。该文提出采用局部参数化方法取代弧长或拟弧长等全局性参数化方法来避免临界点失败,并采用参数受迫变换策略来克服非临界点失败。对一个实际系统的数值计算表明,该文所提的提高连续潮流计算鲁棒性的策略是有效的。

基于改进连续潮流法的静态电压稳定分析

在传统连续潮流法的基础上提出一种更快更准确的静态电压稳定分析法——改进连续潮流法。此方法采用牛顿插值法进行预测,用改进牛顿–拉夫逊法对预测结果进行修正;考虑发电机无功出力极限,对发电机节点进行PQ节点转换。此方法灵活准确,修正量少,与以前所提出的连续潮流法相比更能准确反映发电机的实际运行状况,具有计算准确、迭代次数少、易于理解等优点。在IEEE 9节点系统上,分别在不计无功极限和计及无功极限的情况下与传统算法进行比较,迭代次数和迭代时间均有改进。

三厢轿车多参数气动优化

使用遗传算法开展带内流的车身多参数气动优化,寻找气动性能优异的车身外形。三厢轿车气动阻力系数C_d和进气量的试验和数值仿真结果误差分别约为7%和6%,表明所采用的数值仿真方法正确。比较内流简化模型与真实模型得到进气量和速度云图,可以发现两者差异较小,可以采用内流简化模型进行气动优化。选取车身表面6个关键参数,建立带内流的参数化模型,基于轮盘赌选择法和Taguchi方法的遗传算法开展气动优化,得到了气动阻力系数为0.298的优化模型。对比原始模型与优化模型可以发现,优化模型尾部行李箱盖倾角和离去角均向内收缩。本文所建立的内流简化方法和多参数气动优化方法可为相关车型气动开发提供参考。

速度矩分布规律的参数化描述及对混流泵性能的影响

为提升设计水平、改进混流泵叶片速度矩分布规律的给定,该文通过理论分析,对速度矩分布规律进行参数化表述,选取无量纲速度矩沿流线分布曲线的相对系数a0与速度矩分布曲线在叶片出口处的导数值P作为速度矩分布参数。基于混流泵叶轮正反问题迭代法设计平台,给定不同速度矩分布参数组合设计了一系列混流泵叶轮。基于SIMPLEC算法,通过求解N-S方程和RNGk-ε湍流模型方程,对混流泵叶轮内部三维湍流流场进行了模拟,获得了相对速度与压力分布,并预估了水力效率。研究表明,速度矩分布参数直接影响着叶片包角与出口边位置,进而影响到叶轮内部相对速度与压力的分布以及流动的稳定性。合理选择速度矩分布参数,有利于增强叶片对于流体运动的控制能力,改善叶轮内部压力分布,使叶轮具有更为优越的水力特性。该文提出的速度矩分布规律参数化方法,为混流泵叶轮设计过程中速度矩分布规律的给定提供了有益的借鉴。

减压阀流动特性研究进展

介绍了现有减压阀的结构类型和适用于极端工况下高参数减压阀的结构,给出减压阀的研究方法。阐述了国内外对于减压阀内流动特性的研究进展,并对减压阀的发展和主要研究趋势进行展望。

高速列车气动外形优化研究进展

随着运行速度的提升,高速列车对气动外形的要求也越来越高,追求性能优异、美观大方的气动外形是新型高速列车研发的一个重要方向.基于当前高速列车外形研发的思路,可以将气动外形优化概括为基于流场机理的改型优化和基于优化算法的外形优化两类.本文简要回顾了当前国内外在这两类优化途径上的系列工作,着重介绍了作者所在团队近年来做过的一系列气动外形优化工作.在基于流场机理的改型优化上,着重从“和谐号”和“复兴号”这两款主力车型的外形研发上探讨其改型优化的思路,主要探讨了空调导流罩、受电弓平台、风挡和转向架裙板几类对列车阻力影响较为明显的部件的优化设计,并介绍了其相对于上一代车型在气动性能上的提升.基于优化算法的外形优化方法,则因循气动外形优化流程,在列车外形已经具有较好性能的基础上,以高速列车头型流线型为主要优化对象,分别从高速列车参数化方法、替代模型开发以及优化算法改进三个方面进行介绍.其中,高速列车参数化方法主要介绍了局部型函数法、修正车辆造型函数法和类别/形状函数法三类;替代模型开发介绍了最优化替代模型和基于交叉验证的Kriging模型;在优化算法的改进上介绍了改进的非劣分类多目标粒子群算法和连续域混沌蚁群算法两方面的内容.基于上述三个方面介绍了气动外形优化策略在典型工程上的应用案例.