Analysis of Rural Population Planning in Liaoning Based on Push and Pull Theory

Data from the seventh national census show that the mobility of rural population in Liaoning is relatively active.Rural revitalization,as a major deployment for development in the new era,will undoubtedly face a variety of problems in the implementation process.Through the study of the relationship between rural revitalization and population,it is found that the loss of rural population is one of the important reasons that hinder rural economic development and lead to the imbalance of urban and rural economic development.According to the "push and pull theory" by the demographer Bagne,the paper analyzes the causes of rural population loss in Liaoning Province.The rural population backflow and two-way flow of urban and rural population in Liaoning Province is achieved through industrial interaction between urban and rural areas,innovative development of agriculture,steady follow-up of service industry and other measures,thus revitalizing the rural economy.

Prediction of liquid circulation flow rate in RH degasser:improvement of decarburization at low atmospheric pressure

The two-fluid model coupled with population balance model was used for simulating the gas-liquid flow in the Ruhrstahl-Heraeus(RH)degasser.The predicted circulation flow rate was compared with that measured from a water model experiment to validate the mathematical model.Then,influence of snorkel immersion depth on liquid circulation flow rate was numerically investigated under an atmospheric pressure of 101 and 84 kPa,respectively.Predicted result indicates that the circulation flow rate of the RH degasser in the high-altitude area was severely reduced because of the decrease in atmospheric pressure.However,increasing the snorkel immersion depth from 0.5 to 0.7 m can compensate for the decrease in atmospheric pressure.Industrial test result indicates that decarburization rate is significantly enhanced by increasing the snorkel immersion depth.Through optimization,the percentage of heats with a final carbon content less than 0.002 wt.%is significantly increased from 22.0%to 96.4%.

Geographically varying relationships between population flows from Wuhan and COVID-19 cases in Chinese cities

The COVID-19 epidemic widely spread across China from Wuhan,Hubei Province,because of huge migration before 2020 Chinese New Year.Previous studies demonstrated that population outflows from Wuhan determined COVID-19 cases in other cities but neglected spatial hetero-geneities of their relationships.Here,we use Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR)model to investigate the spatially varying influences of outflows from Wuhan.Overall,the GWR model increases explanatory ability of outflows from Wuhan by 20%,with the adjusted R2 increasing from~0.6 of Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)models to~0.8 of GWR models.The coefficient between logarithmic of outflows from Wuhan and COVID-19 cases in other cities is generally less than 1.The sub-linear scaling relationship indicates the increasing returns of outflows was restrained,proving the epidemic was efficiently controlled outside Hubei at the beginning without obvious local transmissions.Coefficients in GWR models vary in cities.Not only cities around Wuhan but also cities having close connections with Wuhan experienced higher coefficients,showing a higher vulnerability of these cities.The secondary or multi-level trans-mission networks deserve to be further explored to fully uncover influences of migrations on the COVID-19 pandemic.

Visualization and analysis of local and distant population flows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using crowd-sourced data

Human migration between cities is one important aspect of spatial interaction that not only reflects urban attractiveness but also denotes interactions amongst agglomerations.We therefore implemented a web-based visualization system to analyze and interactively explore local and distant population flow patterns between cities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).We utilized 2017 Tencent population flow data from which we initially constructed inbound and outbound vectors for cities on the QTP.We then used multidimensional scaling to examine and visualize migration patterns and similarities between cities.Results reveal the presence of six local and three distant human mobility patterns on the QTP as well as average summer monthly migrations more than twice the level of those in the winter.

Dynamics and implications of the age profiles of inter-provincial migration in China

This research examines the shifts in age profiles among migrants in China,utilizing microdata derived from four national censuses and two 1%population sample surveys conducted since 1990.Our findings indicate:(1)there has been a surge in age-specific migration intensity across all age groups over the past two decades;(2)the age profiles of the flow floating population differ from both the entire and the residual migrant populations;and(3)the age profiles of China’s flow floating population exhibit a blend of Asian and Western patterns-a prevalence among individuals in their early 20s,typical of Asian patterns,and a broad range of ages post-peak,indicative of Western patterns.Consequently,we propose that future population projections prioritize the flow floating population over the traditionally employed entire floating population.Furthermore,recognizing heterogeneity is critical for accurately understanding migrants in China,necessitating a comprehensive migration policy that safeguards the rights and welfare of these individuals.

Four Pillars Underpinning a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation

Throughout history,there have been close political,economic,and cultural connections between the border areas and the interior of China.To strengthen the unity of the Chinese nation and forge a strong sense of national identity,it is important to draw inspiration from our history.Politically,we must reinforce the memory of national unity and promote the belief that the Chinese nation is a big family and China's territory is indivisible.Economically,it is crucial to continue the historical economic ties between the border areas and the interior,and to deepen economic interdependence in the present era.This will strengthen economic connections between different regions and groups within China and promote unity.Socially,it is essential to facilitate the population flow between dfferent regions,particularly between the border areas and the interior,to promote ethnic communication and integration.Encouraging ethnic groups to live among each other and supporting two-way population flow can further enhance social cohesion.Culturally,we must maintain our tradition of cultural sharing and spread traditional Chinese culture and modern socialist values among all ethnic groups.This will strengthen the bond of the Chinese nation as one community.These four pillars-political,economic,social,and cultural-form the foundation of a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.

The rapid and efficient strategy for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron transmission control: analysis of outbreaks at the city level

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant is highly transmissible with potential immune escape. Hence, control measures are continuously being optimized to guard against large-scale coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the intensity of control measures in response to different SARS-CoV-2 variants and the degree of outbreak control at city level.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 49 cities with COVID-19 outbreaks between January 2020 and June 2022. Epidemiological data on COVID-19 were extracted from the National Health Commission, People’s Republic of China, and the population flow data were sourced from the Baidu migration data provided by the Baidu platform. Outbreak control was quantified by calculating the degree of infection growth and the time-varying reproduction number (Rt). The intensity of the outbreak response was quantified by calculating the reduction in population mobility during the outbreak period. Correlation and regression analyses of the intensity of the control measures and the degree of outbreak control for the Omicron variant and non-Omicron mutants were conducted, respectively.Results: Overall, 65 outbreaks occurred in 49 cities in China from January 2020 to June 2022. Of them, 66.2% were Omicron outbreaks and 33.8% were non-Omicron outbreaks. The intensity of the control measures was positively correlated with the degree of outbreak control (r = 0.351,P = 0.03). The degree of reduction in population mobility was negatively correlated with the R_(t) value (r = - 0.612,P < 0.01). Therefore, under the same control measure intensity, the number of new daily Omicron infections was 6.04 times higher than those attributed to non-Omicron variants, and theRt value of Omicron outbreaks was 2.6 times higher than that of non-Omicron variants. In addition, the duration of non-Omicron variant outbreaks was shorter than that of the outbreaks caused by the Omicron variant (23.0 ± 10.7, 32.9 ± 16.3,t = 2.243,P = 0.031).Conclusions: Greater intensity of control measures was associated with more effective outbreak control. Thus, in response to the Omicron variant, the management to restrict population movement should be used to control its spread quickly, especially in the case of community transmission occurs widely. Faster than is needed for non-Omicron variants, and decisive control measures should be imposed and dynamically adjusted in accordance with the evolving epidemic situation.

Simulation of mass balance behavior in a large-scale circulating fluidized bed reactor

We determine using a compound model the influence of the mass of granular matter on the behavior of a supercritical circulating fluidized bed （CFB） reactor. Population balance enables a stationary-regime modeling of the mass flow of granular matter inside a CFB unit in a large-scale. The simulation includes some important dynamic processes of gas-particle flows in fluidized bed such as attrition, fragmenta- tion, elutriation, and fuel combustion. Numerical calculations with full boiler loading were performed of operational parameters such as furnace temperature, furnace pressure, feeding materials mass flows, and excess air ratio. Furthermore, three bed inventory masses were adopted as experimental variables in the simulation model of mass balance. This approach enables a sensitivity study of mass flows of granular matter inside a CFB facility. Some computational results from this population balance model obtained for a supercritical CFB reactor are presented that show consistency with the operational data for large-scale CFB units.