Accuracy and Utility of Vessel Analysis Using Non-Contrast CT for Planning Endovascular Aortic Repair

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether errors in vascular measurements would affect device selection in endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) by comparing measurements obtained using non-contrast computed tomography (NCT) with those obtained using contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Materials and Methods: This single-center, retrospective study included 25 patients who underwent EVAR for abdominal aortic aneurysm at our institution. A 1-mm horizontal cross-sectional slice of NCT and CECT from each patient was retrospectively reviewed. The area from the abdominal aorta to the common iliac artery was divided into four zones. A centerline was created using the NCT by manually plotting the center points. Subsequently, the centerlines were automatically extracted and manually corrected during the arterial phase of CECT. The diameter and length of each zone were measured for each modality. The mean diameters and lengths of the target vessels were compared between NCT and CECT. Results: The measurements obtained using both methods were reproducible and demonstrated good agreement. The mean differences in vessel length and diameter measurements for each segment between NCT and CECT were not statistically significant, indicating good consistency. Conclusion: NCT may be useful for preoperative EVAR evaluation in patients with renal dysfunction or allergies to contrast agents.

GE LightSpeed Pro 16 CT伪影故障维修3例

介绍了GE LightSpeed Pro 16 CT的组成,分析了该设备出现的3例伪影故障的现象、原因并提出了具体的排除方法,为临床工程人员维修类似故障提供了参考。

Force CT高级建模迭代重建算法对门静脉图像质量的影响

目的:探讨Force CT高级建模迭代重建算法(ADMIRE)对门静脉图像质量影响。方法:回顾性分析2022年1—4月于中山大学附属第八医院行上腹部CT平扫及增强的40例患者影像资料,在syngo.via后处理工作站重建,采用门脉期原始数据重建出滤波反投影算法(FBP)、ADMIRE1、ADMIRE3、ADMIRE5 4组不同重建算法的图像,在4组不同算法图像上测量门静脉干中心位置、肝实质及同层竖脊肌的CT值和噪声值,计算门静脉和肝实质的信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR)。此外,由两位具有5年以上诊断经验的医生对图像进行主观评分。结果:随着迭代等级的增高,图像的CNR、SNR呈现上升的趋势,图像的噪声值呈现下降的趋势,其中ADMIRE5组图像中门静脉和肝脏具有最高的CNR和SNR且具有最低的噪声值,以及最高的主观评分,采用ADMIRE5重建算法的门静脉与周围组织对比非常好,门静脉5级分支显示良好。结论:高级建模迭代重建ADMIRE算法相比于FBP重建算法,降噪效果更好,门静脉的显示更加锐利,能提升门静脉的图像质量。

基于Micro CT的铜导线短路熔痕孔洞特征分析

导线短路是造成电气火灾的重要原因之一。现行国家标准中将导线短路熔痕分为起火前发生的一次短路熔痕和起火后造成的二次短路熔痕,然而现行国家标准中的鉴定仅停留在定性判断的阶段。火灾现场铜导线短路熔痕特征的量化分析研究是国内外研究人员主要关注的重点。本文应用Micro CT技术对铜导线短路熔痕进行断层扫描检测并重构铜导线短路熔痕的3D图像数据,在此基础上统计、归纳、总结铜导线短路熔痕内部孔洞形态及分布等孔洞特征。研究表明,Micro CT能够全面采集铜导线短路熔痕的整体形态和内部孔洞特征,一次短路熔痕与二次短路熔痕内部孔洞半径、表面积、紧密度的特征数据存在差别,可为短路熔痕定性和定量分析判据研究提供新的理论依据。

4D CTA-CTP联合血清S100B评估风痰阻络型急性缺血性脑卒中侧支循环及预后的研究

目的四维CT血管成像-CT灌注(4DCTACTP)综合技术评价风痰阻络型急性缺血性卒中(AIS)患者的脑侧支循环,探讨以脑侧支循环和血清S100B蛋白浓度预测AIS患者预后的可行性。方法回顾分析32例经4DCTA-CTP治疗的前循环AIS患者的临床资料。通过多期CT血管成像(MCTA)评分和局部软脑膜侧支循环(RLMC)评分评价脑侧支循环水平。结合血清S100B蛋白浓度进行二元Logistic回归分析,寻找可独立预测AIS神经功能预后的指标。结果单因素分析显示NIHSS评分、rLMC评分和MCTA评分与AIS患者的神经预后相关,多因素分析显示MCTA脑侧支循环评分是唯一可以独立预测AIS患者神经预后的指标(OR=0.065,P=0.030)。基线血清S100B蛋白浓度不能独立预测AIS患者的神经预后。结论MCTA脑侧支循环评分可独立预测风痰阻络型AIS患者的神经预后。对于评估AIS患者的神经预后,脑侧支循环时相评分优于局部评分。

Revolution CT联合不同权重ASIR-V在胸痛三联征成像中的应用价值比较

目的探讨Revolution CT联合不同权重多模型迭代重建技术(ASIR-V)在胸痛三联征(TRO)成像中的应用价值。方法选取我院2022年8月~2023年3月收治的90例胸痛患者进行研究,入院后接受TRORevolution CT平扫。按随机数字表法分成滤波反投影(FBP)组与ASIR-V组各45例。FBP组采用FBP技术进行图像重组,ASIR-V组采用不同权重(10%、30%、50%、70%、90%)前置ASIR-V技术重组。记录两组辐射剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效剂量(ED),比较不同重组方式及不同权重下冠状动脉、升主动脉、降主动脉、肺动脉干的平均CT值、噪声值、信噪比(SNR)、对比信噪比(CNR),由2名经验丰富的影像科医生进行主观图像质量评分。结果ASIR-V组DLP、ED低于FBP组(P<0.05)。ASIR-V不同权重的血管腔噪声值低于FBP,血管腔SNR、CNR与主观图像质量评分高于FBP(P<0.05)。ASIR-V权重50%、70%、90%的噪声值低于ASIR-V权重10%、30%的噪声值(P<0.05)。ASIR-V权重50%、70%、90%的SNR、CNR高于ASIR-V权重10%、30%的SNR、CNR(P<0.05)。ASIR-V权重50%、70%的主观评分高于ASIR-V权重10%、30%、90%的主观评分(P<0.05)。结论Revolution CT联合ASIR-V技术能减少辐射剂量,ASIR-V权重50%、70%时对血管腔与解剖结构的显示良好,血管腔噪声值较低,SNR、CNR较高,能满足诊断需求。

3D CT眼球重建技术用于评估高度近视白内障眼球形态和人工晶状体度数预测精确度的研究

目的探索3D CT眼球重建技术在评估高度近视白内障眼球形态和人工晶状体(IOL)度数预测精确度的应用。方法收集2021年8—12月行白内障超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术的高度近视患者,眼轴长度(AL)≥26.5 mm,共计52例(52眼),随访1个月。完善眼眶薄层CT(扫描层厚0.3 mm),记录眼底黄斑萎缩、牵引、新生血管病变(ATN)分级,比较术后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和屈光度平均绝对误差(MAE),分析不同类型后巩膜葡萄肿的眼球形态之间的差异。利用SPSS 20.0对数据进行统计分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果高度近视眼3D CT眼球形态分类如下:球形8眼(15.4%)、椭球形4眼(7.7%)、锥形13眼(25%)、鼻侧扭曲形12眼(23.1%)、颞侧扭曲形7眼(13.5%)、桶形8眼(15.4%)。在年龄<60岁患者组中,球形8眼(25.0%)、锥形8眼(25.0%),比例最高,椭球形1眼(3.1%)、颞侧扭曲形4眼(10.5%),比例最低;在年龄≥60岁患者组中,没有球形眼球,而锥形5眼(25%)和鼻侧扭曲形7眼(35%),比例最高,提示随着年龄增加,后巩膜葡萄肿出现比例增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。同时,当AL<28 mm时,球形眼球7眼(38.9%),比例最高;而当AL≥30 mm时,没有球形眼球,锥形6眼(26.1%)、颞侧扭曲形5眼(21.7%)和桶形5眼(21.7%),比例增加,提示随着AL增加,后巩膜葡萄肿发生率增加,并且容易出现黄斑区的葡萄肿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。无后巩膜葡萄肿的球形眼球患者白内障术后有87.5%的患者BCVA达到20/40及以上,而伴有后巩膜葡萄肿者视力预后不佳,尤其锥形有6眼(46.2%)和颞侧扭曲有3眼(42.9%)的BCVA<20/40,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=46.755,P<0.001)。高度近视黄斑ATN分级提示,锥形、颞侧扭曲和桶形眼球的眼底病变更加明显,分级更高。高度近视眼中有30眼(57.7%)白内障术后MAE<0.5 D,其中椭球形、锥形和颞侧扭曲形眼球IOL度数预测准确性最差,仅有25%、53.9%和37.5%眼MAE<0.5 D;球形和鼻侧扭曲形眼球预测性最好,有75%眼MAE<0.5 D,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=80.035,P<0.001)。结论高度近视眼轴越长,越容易出现眼球畸形。其中,锥形、颞侧扭曲和桶形等眼球往往伴有严重的近视黄斑病变,白内障术后的视力预后也不佳。球形和鼻侧扭曲形眼球,白内障术中IOL度数预测性更佳,可能与后巩膜葡萄肿位置远离黄斑区域,从而生物测量更加准确有关。

佳能Aquilion One CT球管故障维修3例

阐述了佳能Aquilion One CT球管的结构及工作原理,介绍了该设备在使用过程中出现的3例CT球管故障,分析了故障产生的原因,提出了故障排除方法,为医学工程人员维修类似故障提供了参考。

东芝Aquilion 16 CT磁电阻传感器故障维修1例

阐述了东芝Aquilion系列螺旋CT相较于传统CT的优势,介绍了东芝Aquilion 16 CT使用过程中出现的1例磁电阻传感器故障,分析了故障产生的原因,提出了具体的解决方法,为医学工程人员维修类似故障提供了参考。

The Role of Abdominal CT in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of Gastric Lavage after Pesticide Poisoning

Pesticide poisoning is one of the most common diseases in the emergency department, characterized by rapid changes in condition, a high misdiagnosis rate, and a poor prognosis. Measures for early removal of poisons are crucial, and gastric lavage is one of the important measures. Regarding the post-gastric lavage effect, abdominal CT scanning has an important application value in the assessment of the gastric lavage effect after pesticide poisoning.

Colorectal Cancer Segmentation Algorithm Based on Deep Features from Enhanced CT Images

Colorectal cancer,a malignant lesion of the intestines,significantly affects human health and life,emphasizing the necessity of early detection and treatment.Accurate segmentation of colorectal cancer regions directly impacts subsequent staging,treatment methods,and prognostic outcomes.While colonoscopy is an effective method for detecting colorectal cancer,its data collection approach can cause patient discomfort.To address this,current research utilizes Computed Tomography(CT)imaging;however,conventional CT images only capture transient states,lacking sufficient representational capability to precisely locate colorectal cancer.This study utilizes enhanced CT images,constructing a deep feature network from the arterial,portal venous,and delay phases to simulate the physician’s diagnostic process and achieve accurate cancer segmentation.The innovations include:1)Utilizing portal venous phase CT images to introduce a context-aware multi-scale aggregation module for preliminary shape extraction of colorectal cancer.2)Building an image sequence based on arterial and delay phases,transforming the cancer segmentation issue into an anomaly detection problem,establishing a pixel-pairing strategy,and proposing a colorectal cancer segmentation algorithm using a Siamese network.Experiments with 84 clinical cases of colorectal cancer enhanced CT data demonstrated an Area Overlap Measure of 0.90,significantly better than Fully Convolutional Networks(FCNs)at 0.20.Future research will explore the relationship between conventional and enhanced CT to further reduce segmentation time and improve accuracy.

Sparse-view neutron CT 3D image reconstruction algorithm based on split Bregman method

As a complement to X-ray computed tomography(CT),neutron tomography has been extensively used in nuclear engineer-ing,materials science,cultural heritage,and industrial applications.Reconstruction of the attenuation matrix for neutron tomography with a traditional analytical algorithm requires hundreds of projection views in the range of 0°to 180°and typically takes several hours to complete.Such a low time-resolved resolution degrades the quality of neutron imaging.Decreasing the number of projection acquisitions is an important approach to improve the time resolution of images;however,this requires efficient reconstruction algorithms.Therefore,sparse-view reconstruction algorithms in neutron tomography need to be investigated.In this study,we investigated the three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm for sparse-view neu-tron CT scans.To enhance the reconstructed image quality of neutron CT,we propose an algorithm that uses OS-SART to reconstruct images and a split Bregman to solve for the total variation(SBTV).A comparative analysis of the performances of each reconstruction algorithm was performed using simulated and actual experimental data.According to the analyzed results,OS-SART-SBTV is superior to the other algorithms in terms of denoising,suppressing artifacts,and preserving detailed structural information of images.

High Prevalence of Anatomical Variations and Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries Detected by CT Angiography in Symptomatic Patients

Objective:Coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies are an important topic due to their potential clinical manifestations.This study aims to investigate the prevalence of coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients with coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA).Methods:This is a retrospective study that included all symptomatic patients who had CCTA in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during a period of seven years.Results:The total number of included patients was 507(60%males)with a mean age of 57.4 years.Approximately 41%had luminal stenoses,averaging 49.7%.The total num-ber of patients with coronary anatomical variations(CAV)and coronary artery anomalies(CAA)was 217(43%).CAV prevalence was 26%,which included 14%non-right coronary dominance,5%short left main coronary artery(LMCA),and 7%division variations(trifurcation and quadrifurcarion)of the LMCA.The prevalence of CAA was 29%,which included 5%origin anomalies,22%myocardial bridge,and 2%course anomalies.Conclusions:A high prevalence of coronary artery anatomic variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients is reported in this study.Systematic reviews,meta-analyses,reporting guidelines,and unified definitions and classifications of cor-onary variations and anomalies are lacking in the literature,presenting potential opportunities for future research and publications.

Revolution 256 CT轴扫模式下不同心率患者冠状动脉CT血管成像的图像质量及辐射剂量分析

目的:本研究旨在评估采用Revolution 256 CT扫描仪进行冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)时不同心率(HR)患者的图像质量和辐射剂量。方法:收集2022年3月—2023年3月期间90例不同心率患者的数据,根据入组时的心率将其分为三组:低心率组(HR<60bpm)、正常心率组(60bpm≤HR≤80bpm)和高心率组(HR>80bpm),各组人数均为30例,每组患者均采用Revolution 256 CT扫描仪进行CCTA检查,比较不同心率患者的图像质量和辐射剂量。结果:低心率组的图像质量最高,高心率组的图像质量最差,数据差异明显(P<0.05);统计分析表明,高心率组和低心率组在辐射剂量方面存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:使用Revolution 256 CT扫描仪进行CCTA检查时,低心率组和高心率组患者的图像质量均能够达到诊断标准,而且辐射剂量相对较低,因此,在使用Revolution256 CT扫描进行CCTA检查时,不同心率的患者均可采用该检查方式,无需特殊处理。

Helsinki CT评分对急性颅脑损伤患者不良预后的预测价值

目的探究Helsinki CT评分对急性颅脑损伤(TBI)患者不良预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年12月于浙江省台州医院治疗的168例TBI患者的病例资料,根据患者受伤后6个月时的格拉斯哥预后分级(GOS)评分结果分为预后良组(117例,4~5分)和预后差组(51例,1~3分)。采用倾向性评分匹配(PSM)模块对患者的一般资料进行匹配,两组均有43例患者匹配成功。对两组受伤后24 h内CT影像进行Helsinki CT评分并比较。分析Helsinki CT评分对预后不良的预测价值。结果预后差组的Helsinki CT评分高于预后良组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Helsinki CT评分预测TBI患者预后不良的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.844,最佳截断值为≥7.0,灵敏度为0.814,特异度为0.837,阳性预测值(PPV)为0.833,阴性预测值(NPV)为0.818。结论Helsinki CT评分在TBI预后评估中具有较高的准确性和实用性,可为临床医师提供具体的操作指导和参考标准。

Analysis of The Value of Multi-Slice Spiral CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in The Diagnosis of Carpal Joint Injury

Objective:To analyze the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the diagnosis of carpal joint injury.Methods:A total of 130 patients with suspected wrist injuries admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a single group(n=65)and a joint group(n=65).The single group was diagnosed using multi-slice spiral CT,and the joint group was diagnosed using multi-slice spiral CT and magnetic resonance imaging,with pathological diagnosis as the gold standard.The diagnostic results of both groups were compared to the gold standard,and the diagnostic energy efficiency of both groups was compared.Results:The diagnostic results of the single group compared with the gold standard were significant(P<0.05).The diagnostic results of the joint group compared with the gold standard were not significant(P>0.05).The sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosis in the joint group were significantly higher than that in the single group(P<0.05).The specificity of diagnosis in the joint group was higher as compared to that in the single group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combination of multi-slice spiral CT and MRI was highly accurate in diagnosing wrist injuries,and the misdiagnosis rate and leakage rate were relatively low.Hence,this diagnostic program is recommended to be popularized.

Revolution CT低剂量扫描方案对腹主动脉钙化的定量诊断价值

目的:探讨Revolution CT低剂量扫描方案对腹主动脉钙化的定量诊断价值。方法:搜集2021年9月至2022年3月宁夏医科大学总医院行CT尿路造影(CTU)合并腹主动脉钙化的35例患者,平扫采用GSI扫描模式联合40%全新迭代算法(ASiR-V)(A组),排泄期采用常规平扫(FBP重建)(B组)。测量两组图像的腹主动脉钙化指数(AACI)、腹主动脉CT值、SD值及A组腹主动脉钙化能谱定量参数(钙化体积、平均钙化浓度),计算A、B两组钙化质量积分、信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR);并由2位医生对两组图像质量进行主观评分。采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较两组的AACI差异,采用配对样本t检验比较两组腹主动脉CT值、SD值、SNR及CNR差异。采用Pearson相关分析法对A组腹主动脉钙化各定量参数与B组AACI进行相关性分析,并对两组的辐射剂量进行比较。结果:A组AACI(0.20±0.03)与B组AACI(0.18±0.03)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组腹主动脉钙化体积、平均钙化浓度、钙化质量积分与B组AACI间均呈正相关(r值分别为0.926、0.513、0.877,P<0.05)。A组SNR、CNR与B组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组图像的主观评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组的有效辐射剂量较B组降低了29.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Revolution CT可为腹主动脉钙化的评估提供多种定量指标,测量过程简便、省时,更适合常规临床应用,低剂量扫描方案可以降低辐射剂量并提升图像质量。

术前应用Philips CT成像特征预测胃肠道间质瘤高ki-67增殖指数的研究

目的探讨术前Philips CT成像特征在预测胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)高Ki-67增殖指数中的应用价值。方法纳入2019年1月至2022年12月经本院收治GIST患者112例,采集术后病灶组织行免疫组化法测定Ki-67增殖指数的表达,按Ki-67增殖指数表达水平分为高Ki-67组及低Ki-67组,收集患者术前CT平扫及3期动态增强检查特征,行单因素及Logistic回归模型多因素明确影响GIST患者高Ki-67增殖指数独立性危险术前CT特征,且经受试者工作曲线(ROC)评估单一及联合术前CT特征预测GIST患者高Ki-67增殖指数诊断价值。结果除性别、年龄、肿瘤位置、肿瘤轮廓、生长方式、钙化、病灶表面溃疡、转移外,两组肿瘤大小、肿瘤边界、囊变或坏死、肿瘤增粗血管、强化方式及强化程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic回归模型多因素分析结果显示:影响GIST患者高Ki-67增殖指数独立性危险术前CT特征包括肿瘤大小(>5cm)、肿瘤边界(不清晰)及强化程度(轻度);经ROC结果显示:联合模型预测GIST患者高Ki-67增殖指数诊断价值最高,AUC值为0.874,灵敏度、特异度依次为85.00%、79.17%。结论术前CT特征中肿瘤大小(>5cm)、肿瘤边界(不清晰)及强化程度(轻度)与GIST患者Ki-67增殖指数高表达有密切关联,通过构建联合模型有助于早期识别Ki-67增殖指数高表达GIST患者,可为后续临床治疗方案制定提供关键信息。

Force CT大螺距Turbo Flash与回顾性心电门控扫描模式在冠状动脉成像图像质量及辐射剂量比较的研究

目的比较第三代双源Force CT大螺距Turbo Flash与回顾性心电门控冠状动脉成像(CTCA)图像质量及辐射剂量。方法收集2023年1-3月接受CTCA检查患者136例,采用大螺距Turbo Flash P组、回顾性心电门控R组,按照心率≤65次/min分P1、R1组,心率>65次/min分P2、R2组,对冠状动脉图像质量进行主观评分,比较剂量长度乘积(DLP)、辐射剂量(ED)。结果P组95.36%、R组95.72%的节段能够满足图像质量要求(P>0.05),P组及R组的年龄、BIM、心率、心率变化值、DLP、ED差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),P组DLP为44.100(34.8,52.32)mGy·cm,ED为0.617(0.5,0.7)mSv,R组DLP为425.500(365.0,489.1)mGy·cm,ED为5.957(5.0,6.8)mSv,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。图像质量评分右冠状动脉、总体评分P1与P2、P2与R2差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),余冠脉分段差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),结论Force CT大螺距Turbo Flash扫描模式图像质量佳、成功率高,有效辐射剂量低,可作为低心率患者的优选检查方法,高心率患者所得冠状动脉图像能够满足诊断要求。

脉冲式心电门控与Force CT 70 kV前瞻性大螺距技术在冠状动脉成像中的对比研究

目的:探讨脉冲式心电门控与Force CT 70 kV前瞻性大螺距冠状动脉成像对辐射剂量和图像质量的影响。方法:搜集2022年1月—2023年1月在内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院就诊的49例行256层iCT 100 kV脉冲式心电门控冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的患者和37例行Force CT 70 kV前瞻性大螺距CCTA的患者资料,分别记为A组和B组,共86例。比较两组患者的心率、各段冠状动脉CT值、信噪比、对比噪声比及辐射剂量。结果:两组患者的心率、各段冠状动脉CT值、信噪比、对比噪声比及辐射剂量的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Force CT 70 kV前瞻性大螺距冠状动脉成像比脉冲式心电门控100 kV管电压下冠脉成像对心率的要求减低,70 kV管电压条件下可以降低辐射剂量,而图像质量仍可满足诊断要求。