The electrical resistivity characteristics of cement soil and flyash lime soil are investigated in the laboratory and the field. It is shown that the electrical resistivities of the cement soil and flyash lime s...The electrical resistivity characteristics of cement soil and flyash lime soil are investigated in the laboratory and the field. It is shown that the electrical resistivities of the cement soil and flyash lime soil are sensitive to water content, degree of saturation and unconfined strength. The cement soil and flyash lime soil with higher water content, greater degree of saturation, lower unconfined strength has lower electrical resistivity. Electrical resistivity is also correlated with additives. Based on the tests, it is concluded that the electrical resistivity method is available for checking the effectiveness of the soil improvement by the cement soil and flyash lime soil mixing pile in terms of engineering practice.展开更多
This article discusses the flyash mechanical properties and analyzes stability of two flyash dams under earthquake by finite element methods. It is studied whether the mixture of flyash and clay can be used as the fil...This article discusses the flyash mechanical properties and analyzes stability of two flyash dams under earthquake by finite element methods. It is studied whether the mixture of flyash and clay can be used as the fill for a dam located in an earthquake region.展开更多
There are many earthquakes in Japan. If a large earthquake were to occur, it is necessary to consider how pipelines such as: gas, sewage, telecommunications, and so on are restored quickly. At that time, damaged gas p...There are many earthquakes in Japan. If a large earthquake were to occur, it is necessary to consider how pipelines such as: gas, sewage, telecommunications, and so on are restored quickly. At that time, damaged gas pipelines are very dangerous because fire in large areas could be caused by the leakage of gas from the damaged pipeline. Accordingly, it is necessary for gas companies to stop the supply of gas to houses over a large area. Once the gas supply is stopped, there is a considerable amount of time to repair the pipelines over the area. For this reason, a quick method for restoring damaged gas pipelines would be useful after an earthquake. Recently, we have been developing new flash setting material for the damaged gas pipeline by an injection into the house connection of gas when the gas supply is stopped quickly in an emergency. From these points of view, in order to clarify to what degree the contents of flash settling material affect the properties of the injected fly ash mixture causing heavy damage to the gas pipeline in an earthquake, different combinations of fly ash, chemical agents and water were considered in several experiments.展开更多
A large amount of waste is produced by preparation plants. The properties of the waste vary depending on the mineralogical contents of the mother rock in which the coal is embedded. The waste quality depends on the me...A large amount of waste is produced by preparation plants. The properties of the waste vary depending on the mineralogical contents of the mother rock in which the coal is embedded. The waste quality depends on the method of mining and cleaning. The waste mainly consists of clays, quartz, carbonaceous materials, mica, pyrites, and so on. About 80% of coal-ash is now utilized and the remainder is disposed of at disposal sites. However, the life span of disposal sites is limited, and it is difficult to find new disposal sites. It is therefore requested that the percentage of utilized flyash be increased in all applicable fields in Japan. Thus, it is very desirable that cement supplemented with flyash be used as injection material for natural/artificial openings. With this perspective in mind, we attempt to clarify how much the size and shape of the flyash affects the properties of the injection mixture by way of an injection test.展开更多
In the current study,the effect of flyash(FA)on the physic-mechanical,electrical,thermal and morphological behavior of nylon-66(PA)was inves-tigated.PA/FA composites were prepared by melt mixing via twin screw ex-trud...In the current study,the effect of flyash(FA)on the physic-mechanical,electrical,thermal and morphological behavior of nylon-66(PA)was inves-tigated.PA/FA composites were prepared by melt mixing via twin screw ex-truder,with varying weight percent(5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%and 20 wt%)of flyash.The results of composites were optimized and compared with vir-gin nylon-66.Mechanical and electrical properties of composites improved up to 10 wt%of FA loading without compromising the properties.The fly-ash filled nylon-66 composites showed a low abrasive wear rate.Increase the heat distortion temperature of composites with an increase in weight percent of flyash while opposing the melt flow rate.Flyash filler enhances the stiffness of plastics but significantly reduces the impact properties.Dis-persion of flyash was examined by impact fracture surface of composites using a scanning electron microscope.展开更多
The physical,chemical and mineral facies properties of the flyash from Xiezhuang Coal Refuse Fired Power Plant have been studied by means of naked eyes,microscope,chemical composition analysis and XRD analysis,and com...The physical,chemical and mineral facies properties of the flyash from Xiezhuang Coal Refuse Fired Power Plant have been studied by means of naked eyes,microscope,chemical composition analysis and XRD analysis,and compared with that of the flyash from Taian Coal Fired Power Plant.The result shows that the flyash from coal refuse fired power plant is of better quality in making construction items,for being brighter in color,fine and high activity.Some ways of comprehensive utilization of the ash have been suggested in this paper.展开更多
Geopolymers are inorganic adhesive synthesized from industrial waste such as fly ash thus the development of wood geopolymer composite would be a low carbon footprint material.Geopolymers,being a non-formaldehyde adhe...Geopolymers are inorganic adhesive synthesized from industrial waste such as fly ash thus the development of wood geopolymer composite would be a low carbon footprint material.Geopolymers,being a non-formaldehyde adhesive can be used as an alternative binder for wood based composites where environmentally friendly and sustainability of product is important.In this study flyash as precursor is been used in the development of wood geopolymer composite product.Flyash is activated with a combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions at a weight ratio of 1:2.5 for geopolymer formation.The study investigated the properties of wood geopolymer composite made with ratios of wood particle to flyash percentage(23/77),(37/62),(44/55),(50/50)and(57/43).Geopolymer formation was observed by X-ray Diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Influence of wood particles in wood geopolymer composite were observed by Scanning electron microscope.The study shows that the water absorption and thickness selling properties of all the formulations of wood geopolymer composites are comparable with the medium density particle board and cement-bonded particleboard according to the IS:3087-2005 standard and IS:12406:respectively.Highest mechanical properties and good bond strength was obtained by the composite containing 23%wood particle ratio with 77%percent flyash.However,still improvement in mechanical properties is needed to achieve the mechanical properties comparable to cement bonded particle board.展开更多
Flyash is a kind of waste solid in large amounts and with a sharp increase. In 1989,discharge capacity of flyash in China was 65 million tons. It is estimated that theamount will be more than 100 million tons per annu...Flyash is a kind of waste solid in large amounts and with a sharp increase. In 1989,discharge capacity of flyash in China was 65 million tons. It is estimated that theamount will be more than 100 million tons per annum at the turn of the 21st century.Since the utilization ratio of flyash is no more than 30％ at present, treatment and展开更多
The interaction of the fly ash and NaOH, in an open reflux hydrothermal system at 100℃, has been explored by several researchers and formation of fly ash zeolites has been confirmed based on the X-ray diffraction ana...The interaction of the fly ash and NaOH, in an open reflux hydrothermal system at 100℃, has been explored by several researchers and formation of fly ash zeolites has been confirmed based on the X-ray diffraction analysis of the residues. However, this method does not reveal much about the characteristic transitions （viz. elemental, electro-negativity and cation exchange capa- city） of the residues. In this situation, resorting to Fourier transform-infrared radiation （FT-IR） spectroscopy on the residues obtained from two-stage hydrothermal treatment process, described in this manuscript, appears to be a novel idea to establish transitions in chemical bonds （viz., -Si- OH-AI-, OH-Na, OH-A1-）, crystallinity and cation exchange capacity of these residues. Based on extensive studies, it has been demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopy is extremely useful for 1） detection of chemical bonds in the residues, 2） evaluation of zeolites in the residues and 3） also establishing the superiority of the two-stage interac- tion of the fly ash with NaOH for synthesizing better fly ash zeolites （viz., Na-P1 and Hydroxysodalte） as compared to those obtained from the conventional single-stage treatment of the fly ash.展开更多
文摘The electrical resistivity characteristics of cement soil and flyash lime soil are investigated in the laboratory and the field. It is shown that the electrical resistivities of the cement soil and flyash lime soil are sensitive to water content, degree of saturation and unconfined strength. The cement soil and flyash lime soil with higher water content, greater degree of saturation, lower unconfined strength has lower electrical resistivity. Electrical resistivity is also correlated with additives. Based on the tests, it is concluded that the electrical resistivity method is available for checking the effectiveness of the soil improvement by the cement soil and flyash lime soil mixing pile in terms of engineering practice.
文摘This article discusses the flyash mechanical properties and analyzes stability of two flyash dams under earthquake by finite element methods. It is studied whether the mixture of flyash and clay can be used as the fill for a dam located in an earthquake region.
文摘There are many earthquakes in Japan. If a large earthquake were to occur, it is necessary to consider how pipelines such as: gas, sewage, telecommunications, and so on are restored quickly. At that time, damaged gas pipelines are very dangerous because fire in large areas could be caused by the leakage of gas from the damaged pipeline. Accordingly, it is necessary for gas companies to stop the supply of gas to houses over a large area. Once the gas supply is stopped, there is a considerable amount of time to repair the pipelines over the area. For this reason, a quick method for restoring damaged gas pipelines would be useful after an earthquake. Recently, we have been developing new flash setting material for the damaged gas pipeline by an injection into the house connection of gas when the gas supply is stopped quickly in an emergency. From these points of view, in order to clarify to what degree the contents of flash settling material affect the properties of the injected fly ash mixture causing heavy damage to the gas pipeline in an earthquake, different combinations of fly ash, chemical agents and water were considered in several experiments.
文摘A large amount of waste is produced by preparation plants. The properties of the waste vary depending on the mineralogical contents of the mother rock in which the coal is embedded. The waste quality depends on the method of mining and cleaning. The waste mainly consists of clays, quartz, carbonaceous materials, mica, pyrites, and so on. About 80% of coal-ash is now utilized and the remainder is disposed of at disposal sites. However, the life span of disposal sites is limited, and it is difficult to find new disposal sites. It is therefore requested that the percentage of utilized flyash be increased in all applicable fields in Japan. Thus, it is very desirable that cement supplemented with flyash be used as injection material for natural/artificial openings. With this perspective in mind, we attempt to clarify how much the size and shape of the flyash affects the properties of the injection mixture by way of an injection test.
文摘In the current study,the effect of flyash(FA)on the physic-mechanical,electrical,thermal and morphological behavior of nylon-66(PA)was inves-tigated.PA/FA composites were prepared by melt mixing via twin screw ex-truder,with varying weight percent(5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%and 20 wt%)of flyash.The results of composites were optimized and compared with vir-gin nylon-66.Mechanical and electrical properties of composites improved up to 10 wt%of FA loading without compromising the properties.The fly-ash filled nylon-66 composites showed a low abrasive wear rate.Increase the heat distortion temperature of composites with an increase in weight percent of flyash while opposing the melt flow rate.Flyash filler enhances the stiffness of plastics but significantly reduces the impact properties.Dis-persion of flyash was examined by impact fracture surface of composites using a scanning electron microscope.
文摘The physical,chemical and mineral facies properties of the flyash from Xiezhuang Coal Refuse Fired Power Plant have been studied by means of naked eyes,microscope,chemical composition analysis and XRD analysis,and compared with that of the flyash from Taian Coal Fired Power Plant.The result shows that the flyash from coal refuse fired power plant is of better quality in making construction items,for being brighter in color,fine and high activity.Some ways of comprehensive utilization of the ash have been suggested in this paper.
基金We thank Indian plywood Industries research and training Institute,an autonomous body of Ministry of environment forest and climate change funded this research project.I thank my co-authors for helping me in the study,analysis,and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript should be declared.
文摘Geopolymers are inorganic adhesive synthesized from industrial waste such as fly ash thus the development of wood geopolymer composite would be a low carbon footprint material.Geopolymers,being a non-formaldehyde adhesive can be used as an alternative binder for wood based composites where environmentally friendly and sustainability of product is important.In this study flyash as precursor is been used in the development of wood geopolymer composite product.Flyash is activated with a combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions at a weight ratio of 1:2.5 for geopolymer formation.The study investigated the properties of wood geopolymer composite made with ratios of wood particle to flyash percentage(23/77),(37/62),(44/55),(50/50)and(57/43).Geopolymer formation was observed by X-ray Diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Influence of wood particles in wood geopolymer composite were observed by Scanning electron microscope.The study shows that the water absorption and thickness selling properties of all the formulations of wood geopolymer composites are comparable with the medium density particle board and cement-bonded particleboard according to the IS:3087-2005 standard and IS:12406:respectively.Highest mechanical properties and good bond strength was obtained by the composite containing 23%wood particle ratio with 77%percent flyash.However,still improvement in mechanical properties is needed to achieve the mechanical properties comparable to cement bonded particle board.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Beijing Zhongguancun Region United Analysis & Measure Center Fund.
文摘Flyash is a kind of waste solid in large amounts and with a sharp increase. In 1989,discharge capacity of flyash in China was 65 million tons. It is estimated that theamount will be more than 100 million tons per annum at the turn of the 21st century.Since the utilization ratio of flyash is no more than 30％ at present, treatment and
文摘The interaction of the fly ash and NaOH, in an open reflux hydrothermal system at 100℃, has been explored by several researchers and formation of fly ash zeolites has been confirmed based on the X-ray diffraction analysis of the residues. However, this method does not reveal much about the characteristic transitions （viz. elemental, electro-negativity and cation exchange capa- city） of the residues. In this situation, resorting to Fourier transform-infrared radiation （FT-IR） spectroscopy on the residues obtained from two-stage hydrothermal treatment process, described in this manuscript, appears to be a novel idea to establish transitions in chemical bonds （viz., -Si- OH-AI-, OH-Na, OH-A1-）, crystallinity and cation exchange capacity of these residues. Based on extensive studies, it has been demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopy is extremely useful for 1） detection of chemical bonds in the residues, 2） evaluation of zeolites in the residues and 3） also establishing the superiority of the two-stage interac- tion of the fly ash with NaOH for synthesizing better fly ash zeolites （viz., Na-P1 and Hydroxysodalte） as compared to those obtained from the conventional single-stage treatment of the fly ash.
