Foeniculum vulgare Mill.inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation and ameliorates neuroinflammation-mediated behavioral deficits in mice

Objective:To investigate the effect of Foeniculum vulgare extract against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced microglial activation in vitro as well as cognitive behavioral deficits in mice.Methods:LPS-activated BV-2 cell viability was measured using MTT assay and reactive oxygen species(ROS)was studied using DCF-DA assay.The antioxidative enzymes and pro-inflammatory mediators were analyzed using respective ELISA kits and Western blotting.For in vivo testing,LPS(1 mg/kg,i.p.)was given daily for five days in male Swiss albino mice to produce chronic neuroinflammation.Cognitive and behavioral tests were performed using open-field,passive avoidance,and rotarod experiments in LPS-induced mice.Results:Foeniculum vulgare extract(25,50 and 100μg/mL)significantly attenuated the LPS-activated increase in nitric oxide(NO),ROS,cyclooxygenase-2,inducible NO synthase,IL-6,and TNF-alpha(P<0.05).Moreover,LPS-induced oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative enzyme levels were significantly improved by Foeniculum vulgare extract(P<0.05).The extract also regulated the NF-κB/MAPK signaling in BV-2 cells.In an in vivo study,Foeniculum vulgare extract(50,100,and 200 mg/kg)markedly mitigated the LPS-induced cognitive and locomotor impairments in mice.The fingerprinting analysis showed distinctive peaks with rutin,kaempferol-3-O-glucoside,and anethole as identifiable compounds.Conclusions:Foeniculum vulgare extract can ameliorate LPS-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells and improve cognitive and locomotor performance in LPS-administered mice.

Comparative analysis of antioxidant activities of essential oils and extracts of fennel(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)seeds from Egypt and China

The present study was conducted to assay the antioxidant activities of essential oils and ethanol extracts of fennel(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)seeds from Egypt and China.The major components of the Egyptian fennel essential oil were estragole(51.04%),limonene(11.45%),l-fenchone(8.19%)and trans-anethole(3.62%)by GC–MS analysis.Whereas,the major constituents of Chinese fennel essential oil were transanethole(54.26%),estragole(20.25%),l-fenchone(7.36%)and limonene(2.41%).The fennel seed extracts from Egypt and China contained appreciable levels of total phenolic contents(42.24 and 30.94 mg PE/g,respectively).The extracts exhibited good DPPH radical scavenging capacity with IC50(6.34 and 7.17 mg/g),respectively.A high variation in free radical scavenging activities of essential oils was observed.The Chinese fennel essential oil showed high activity in DPPH radical scavenging with IC50(15.66 mg/g).The Egyptian fennel essential oil showed very low activity with IC50(141.82 mg/g).The results of the present investigation demonstrated significant variations in the antioxidant activities of fennel essential oils and extracts from Egypt and China.

茴香(Foeniculum Vulgare Mill)精油利用的研究进展

本文综述了茴香精油在抗菌、抗氧化、杀虫、医药、日化以及食品添加剂等方面的应用,简单介绍了茴香精油的开发现状和应用前景。

Protective effects of Foeniculum vulgare root bark extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice

AIM To investigate the protective effects of Foeniculum vulgare root bark(FVRB), a traditional Uyghur medicine, against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into eight groups(n = 20 each). Except for the normal control group, mice in the rest groups were intraperitoneally injected(i.p.) with 0.1% CCl4-olive oil mixture at 10 m L/kg twice a week to induce liver fibrosis. After 4 wk, mice were treated concurrently with the 70% ethanol extract of FVRB(88, 176, 352 and 704 mg/kg, respectively) daily by oral gavage for 4 wk to evaluate its protective effects. Serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), triglyceride(TG), hexadecenoic acid(HA), laminin(LN), glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver tissues were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin(H and E) staining and Masson trichrome(MT) staining were performed to assess histopathological changes in the liver. The expression of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1), matrix metalloprotein 9(MMP-9) and metallopeptidase inhibitor 1(TIMP-1) was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. Additionally, TGF-β1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) protein expression was measured by Western blot.RESULTS A significant reduction in serum levels of AST, ALT, TG, HA and LN was observed in the FVRB-treated groups, suggesting that FVRB displayed hepatoprotective effects. Also, the depletion of GSH, SOD, and MDA accumulation in liver tissues was suppressed by FVRB. The expression of TGF-β1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 determined by immunohistochemistry was markedly reduced in a dose-dependent manner by FVRB treatment. Furthermore, protective effects of FVRB against CCl4-induced liver injury were confirmed by histopathological studies. Protein expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA detected by Western blot was decreased by FVRB treatment.CONCLUSION Our results indicate that FVRB may be a promising agent against hepatic fibrosis and its possible mechanisms are inhibiting lipid peroxidation and reducing collagen formation in liver tissue of liver fibrosis mice.

GC-MS Analysis and in Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>Seed Essential Oil

Essential oil from seeds of Foeniculum vulgare was extracted on Clevenger apparatus. Essential oil was analyzed on Gas-Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) from which thirty six components were identified, among which 6 major and 30 minor components having different structural formulae and molecular weight representing total 99.98% of oil. Essential was investigated for its antibacterial and antifungal activity against seven infectious microbial pathogens. Paper disc diffusion and serial micro-dilution assays were performed for the determination of inhibition zone (DIZ) diameters and minimal inhibitory concentration, respectively. The Foeniculum vulgare essential oil showed the Diameter of Inhibition Zone (DIZ) ranging from 19.4 ± 0.07 - 26.4 ± 0.09 mm at a concentration level of 28 μg/disc in all the ten strains tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of essential oil against bacterial and fungal strains was obtained in the range of 7.0 - 56 μg/ml. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil is due to the presence of certain secondary plant metabolites such as terpenoids, steroids and flavonoids, esters and acids which are identified in the essential oil. The oil components can be further studied for their biological activity and overcome the problem of drug resistance in microbes.

GC-MS Analysis of Chemical Components of Volatile Oil in Different Parts of Fennel( Foenicuzu vulgare Mill. )

[Objectives] This study was conducted to analyze the composition of volatile oil in different parts of fennel(Foenicuzu vulgare Mill.) and to compare the differences in the composition of volatile oil in different parts of fennel.[Methods]The steam distillation method was applied to extract volatile oil from different parts of fennel,and the components of volatile oil from different parts of fennel were separated and identified by GC-MS.The relative content of each component was determined by the peak area normalization method.[Results]37,33,18,and 44 chemical components were separated from the volatile oil of fennel roots,stems,young leaves and fruit,respectively,accounting for 98.64%,99.34%,99.59% and 95.99% of the total volatile oil of corresponding parts.A total of 77 chemical components were identified in the four parts,of which 5 were common components.The main component of the volatile oil in the stems and young leaves was trans-anethole.The main components of the volatile oil in fruit were estragole and trans-anethole.And the main component of the volatile oil in the roots was dill apiol.The components in the volatile oil of fennel roots,stems,young leaves and fruit were different in type and content.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical reference for the further effective development and utilization of fennel resources.

Beneficial effects of Foeniculum vulgare on ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats

AIM: To examine the anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts of Foeniculum vulgare (FVE) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. METHODS: FVE was administered by gavage at doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, and famotidine was used at the dose of 20 mg/kg. Following a 60 min period, all the rats were given 1 mL of ethanol (80%) by gavage. One hour after the administration of ethanol, all groups were sacrificed, and the gastric ulcer index was calculated; whole blood malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), serum nitrate, nitrite, ascorbic acid, retinol and β-carotene levels were measured in all the groups. RESULTS: It was found that pretreatment with FVE significantly reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage. This effect of FVE was highest and statistically significant in 300 mg/kg group compared with the control (4.18 ± 2.81 vs 13.15 ± 4.08, P < 0.001). Also, pretreatment with FVE significantly reduced the MDA levels, while significantly increased GSH, nitrite, nitrate, ascorbic acid, retinol and β-carotene levels. CONCLUSION: FVE has clearly a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion, and this effect, at least in part, depends upon the reduction in lipid peroxidation and augmentation in the antioxidant activity.

Rescue effects of aqueous seed extracts of Foeniculum vulgare and Carum carvi against cadmium-induced hepatic, renal and gonadal damage in female albino rats

Objective: To investigate the protective effects of aqueous seed extracts of fennel"Foeniculum vulgare"(FVE) and caraway "Carum carvi"(CCE) on liver, kidney and reproductive organs in female rats against cadmium chloride(CC) intoxication.Methods: A total of 36 adult female rats were divided into six groups, six in each group.Control group(fed normal diet), CC-treated group(50 mg CC/kg diet), CCE-treated group(150 mg CCE/kg diet), CCE + CC group, FVE(150 mg/kg diet) and FVE + CC. One month later, all rats were sacrificed and all samples were collected at proestrus phase.Results: The toxic effects of CC were confirmed biochemically by significant increase of serum concentration of liver enzymes(P < 0.05), and creatinine(P < 0.001). Moreover,CC increased significantly the serum level of malondialdehyde(MDA) and decreased the total antioxidant capacity(TAC)(P < 0.001). In addition, serum concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH)were significantly decreased(P < 0.01). Histopathologically, CC-treated group revealed marked pathological changes in renal, hepatic, ovarian and uterine tissues. All toxic findings observed in liver and kidney with CC treatment were found to be ameliorated markedly after co-treatments with FVE or CCE. Furthermore, co-treatment of FVE with CC improved significantly all studied reproductive parameters(P < 0.01).Conclusions: Both FVE and CCE could be used as efficient treatments for liver and kidney against CC intoxication. Moreover, FVE could be utilized as a potent treatment to protect and improve female fertility from cadmium intoxication.

Toxico-Pathological Studies of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>Plant in Mice

Background and objective: Foeniculum vulgare-Mill (Umlliferae), is widely used in the Arabian Peninsula for treating various human and animal diseases. There is need to insure the safety of this plant as a remedy that could be used for a long time. This study aimed to determine the LD50 of the aerial parts of Foeniculum vulgare in mice, as well as to investigate its toxic pathological effects. Methodology: A total of eighty (80) albino mice of both sexes, weighing 25 - 30 g, were used in the present study. Ten (10) mice were used for the determination of LD50 of Foeniculum vulgare in mice. Fifty (50) mice were used in the acute toxicity, and twenty (20) mice were used to study the subacute toxicity of the aerial parts of Foeniculum vulgare juice. Results: the present results revealed that the LD50 of Foeniculum vulgare juice in mice was 9.772 mg/kg/body weight (BW). On the other hand, mice received 0.9 mg/kg/BW of Foeniculum vulgare juice intraperitoneally showed slightly closed eyes intermittent convulsions itching of the nose and increased respiratory rate and abdominal movements. Histopathological examination of the liver showed hepatocytic degeneration and necrosis, congestion with perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrations and peribiliary mononuclear cell aggregations. Whereas the spleen of mice showed depletion of lymphocytes and mononuclear as well as multinuclear cells. The duodenum showed sub-epithelial congested blood vessels, numerous areas of lymphocytic infiltrations and vascular and hydropic degeneration of epithelial cells lining the duodenal Brunner’s glands. Moreover, the kidney showed degenerated tubular epithelial cells, congestion with excess of mononuclear cells, necrotic and desquamated epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. The lung of mice showed congestion, emphysema with variable degrees of mononuclear cell infiltrations and peribronchial congested blood capillaries and mononuclear cell infiltration. Conclusion: It could be concluded that Foeniculum vulgare juice is toxic to mice when administered in a dose of 9.772 mg/kg/BW. However, the recommended dose for treatment could be less than 0.98 ml/kg BW. (1/10 of the LD50) of Foeniculum vulgare juice.

论生态文化在生态文明建设中的重要性

生态文化是以生态价值观为“灵魂”的文化。生态价值观可概括为两点:(1)非人自然物有其自身价值;(2)人与自然同属于一个生命共同体。人类中心主义和还原论是阻碍生态价值观深入人心的无比顽固的思想障碍。为建设生态文化,必须拒斥人类中心主义和还原论。环境伦理学对人类中心主义进行了系统的批判。量子物理学和复杂性科学(蕴含生态学)提供了反驳人类中心主义和还原论的科学依据。庸俗唯物主义错误理解了经济与文化的关系。工业文明带来的物质丰富,为我们正确理解经济与文化的关系提供了社会条件。生态文化建设对生态文明建设具有根本性的重要意义。生态文化直接倡导思想观念的根本转变,唯当人们转变了观念,才会产生从事各种生态文明建设具体事项的动机。

子不语与晚清通俗画报话语转向--以《北京画报》为考察中心

从历史长时段看,知识阶层对普罗大众的“怪力乱神”之事多持宽容态度,文人墨客对于这种民风流俗时有推波助澜,晚清《点石斋画报》“因果报应”内容影响甚广,呈现出一种知识精英与普罗大众的集体狂欢场面,这种互动到了清末新政时期悄然变化。普通民众因迷信而愚昧,成为知识精英和政府官员的一个“常识性结论”。这一时期兴起的通俗画报刊登的“子不语”系列题材,借用舶来的“科学知识”为基准臧否迷信,为普通民众铺设一个新的开通世界,并借此来引导和重塑民众的日常生活。传统的“怪力乱神”图像言说和话语策略的转向,是晚清社会持改革态度的政府官员和知识精英集体心态的体现。

从符号双轴看杂技雅俗的当代阐释

杂技在当代的发展一直没有厘清的一个问题是“就雅”还是“就俗”。双轴关系是任何符号文本所固有的品质,杂技作为身体表意的符号美学,其聚合轴与组合轴的选择与组合造就了其在不同时期的雅俗品质。当代杂技艺术在聚合轴的丰富性上不断做出各种尝试,从身体表意、服装、化妆、道具的配合到叙事内容的意义阐释,有了多样聚合,才有多元文本,聚合轴上的多样选择使得当代杂技呈现出“双轴共现”文本增生现象。解释的力量决定了符号发出者和符号文本的结构方向,解释意义在符号过程中的重要性决定了群众“聚合参与”的可能性,杂技艺术产业是中国式文化现代化的表现之一,时代主旋律因素赋能为其提供了新的发展可能。

基于谱效关系的茴香根皮抗肝纤维化有效成分筛选及其机制探讨

为探讨茴香根皮治疗肝纤维化的化学成分,揭示其药效物质基础和作用机制。本研究应用UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS技术定性鉴别茴香根皮95%乙醇提取物、石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位和水部位的化学成分,根据质谱裂解规律和对照品验证及文献检索推测鉴定了各组分的58个共有化合物;采用MTT法检测各组分对HSC-T6细胞增殖的影响,谱效关系筛选抗肝纤维化潜在活性化合物,结果显示茴香根皮抗肝纤维化贡献较大的成分是二氢辣椒碱、去氢骆驼蓬碱、异莨菪亭;体外实验验证单体化合物抗肝纤维化活性及机制,结果表明二氢辣椒碱、去氢骆驼蓬碱和异莨菪亭对活化的HSC-T6具有较好的抑制作用(P<0.01、P<0.001),均可以抑制α-SMA的表达(P<0.01、P<0.001);二氢辣椒碱和去氢骆驼蓬碱具有较强的促凋亡作用,可以下调Bax/Bcl-2和Caspase3的相对表达量(P<0.05、P<0.01)。表明茴香根皮抗肝纤维化的药效物质可能为二氢辣椒碱、去氢骆驼蓬碱和异莨菪亭、东莨菪内酯、7-羟基香豆素等,其机制可能是通过抑制肝星状细胞活化、调节Bax/Bcl-2的表达发挥作用,体现了茴香根皮多成分多靶点抗肝纤维化的作用特点。

盐碱胁迫对牛至种子萌发和幼苗生理生化特性的影响

以牛至(Origanum vulgare L.)种子为试验材料,研究盐(25,50,75,100,125 mmol·L^(-1)):碱(25,50,75,100,125 mmol·L^(-1))胁迫对牛至种子萌发特性和幼苗生长的影响,为牛至种子育苗和栽培提供依据。结果表明:随着盐碱胁迫浓度升高,牛至种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数逐渐降低;牛至幼苗中丙二醛含量升高,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量升高,可溶性糖的含量先升高后降低;超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismulase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性均为先升高后降低,SOD,CAT活性盐碱浓度均在75 mmol·L^(-1)时达到最大。碱胁迫对牛至种子及幼苗的相对盐害程度大于盐胁迫,在25 mmol·L^(-1)浓度下,碱胁迫对牛至种子的相对盐害率是盐胁迫的2.8倍。综上,盐碱胁迫显著影响牛至种子萌发和幼苗生长,牛至种子萌发和幼苗生长对碱胁迫更为敏感,建议牛至种子盐碱育苗时应选择盐碱度较低的土地(盐浓度<50 mmol·L^(-1)_、碱浓度<25 mmol·L^(-1))。

外源茉莉酸甲酯诱导大麦叶斑病抗性研究

【目的】探讨不同浓度外源茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)诱导大麦抗叶斑病效应差异及其分子机制,为应用MeJA防治大麦叶斑病提供理论依据。【方法】以‘蒙啤麦3号’大麦品种幼苗为材料,设置不接菌(无菌水处理叶片)、接菌(无菌水处理叶片接种麦根腐平脐蠕孢菌)和接菌+MeJA(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5mmol/LMeJA喷施叶片后接菌)3组处理,于三叶期调查叶斑病发病情况,并据此筛选最适MeJA浓度,然后测定不接菌、接菌及接菌+MeJA(最适浓度)下不同处理时间叶片的抗氧化酶、抗病相关酶活性、丙二醛含量、渗透调节物质含量以及相关基因表达水平。【结果】(1)叶面喷施外源MeJA提高了大麦对叶斑病的抗性,1.5mmol/LMeJA处理叶片的病情指数较对照显著降低19.03%,诱导抗性效果最佳;(2)与单独接菌处理相比,1.5mmol/LMeJA处理大麦叶片超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性均显著提高,而其丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量显著降低,同时受MeJA调控转录因子及编码抗病相关酶的基因表达量显著上调。【结论】外源喷施1.5mmol/LMeJA通过调节抗病相关酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,以及调控抗病相关酶基因及茉莉酸信号途径关键转录因子基因表达,进而提高大麦植株的叶斑病抗性。

高粱(Sorghum vulgare Pers.)营养器官中的硅质细胞与硅质体

本文着重讨论高粱硅质细胞的形态、排列方式和分布数量。幼苗三叶期的幼叶硅质细胞为葫芦形,排列成1—2行。成长植株的中、高位叶硅质细胞成马鞍形,通常与栓质细胞成对,与长细胞相间排列成多种图形。硅质细胞分布数量:低位叶少,中、高位叶增多;叶下表皮多于上表皮;尤以贴叶脉下表皮、主脉下表皮、大平行侧脉下表皮多于其它部位。茎表皮也分布大量硅质细胞。不定根的每个内皮层细胞有几个硅质体。与玉米、小麦的同位叶相比,高粱叶表皮的硅质细胞较多。

重金属对大麦(Hordeum vulgare)毒性的研究

研究了６种重金属（Ｈｇ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｐｂ２＋、Ｎｉ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋）对大麦幼苗生长及根尖细胞遗传学毒害作用．结果表明，随着重金属浓度的增加和处理时间的延长，大麦种子的萌发率、根生长速率和有丝分裂指数下降．１×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈｇ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｐｂ２＋处理２４ｈ后完全抑制了细胞分裂，Ｈｇ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋和Ｐｂ２＋诱发的染色体畸变率显著高于Ｎｉ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋和Ｚｎ２＋．用５×１０－３—５×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈｇ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｐｂ２＋处理２４ｈ和Ｎｉ２＋处理４８ｈ后，核仁结构发生分解，形成许多核仁颗粒并进入细胞质中，而Ｃｕ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋对核仁结构没有影响．６种重金属对大麦的细胞遗传学毒性顺序为Ｈｇ２＋＞Ｃｄ２＋＞Ｐｂ２＋＞Ｎｉ２＋＞Ｃｕ２＋＞Ｚｎ２＋．文中还讨论了重金属对植物细胞的毒害机理．

高粱(Sorghum vulgare Pers.)雌、雄配子体形成过程的研究

大孢子母细胞经过减数分裂，形成功能大孢子，再经３次有丝分裂，发育成雌配子体．在雌配子体形成过程中，子房壁内淀粉的积累有一个动态的变化．小孢子母细胞经过减数分裂，形成小孢子，再经有丝分裂，发育成雄配子体．在雄配子体形成过程中，花药壁内淀粉的积累也有一个动态的变化．大、小孢子母细胞的减数分裂，大、小孢子的产生及雌、雄配子体的形成均具有同步性．

茉莉花和勿忘我花瓣在沐浴露中的应用

为了找到合适的悬浮剂和防腐剂,在适当的条件下对花瓣进行处理,从而让花瓣在加入到沐浴露产品后,能够长期保持良好的形态,使用高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对茉莉花和勿忘我花瓣在预处理前后,以及置于沐浴露5年后的情况进行研究。结果表明,干花瓣采用沸水和强氧化剂处理后,脱去了色素和易挥发的成分;置于沐浴露中5年,依然能够保持花瓣形状完好且均匀悬浮,同时未发现微生物超标现象;由于花瓣中非挥发性物质减少,导致花瓣颜色变淡,质地变薄,但有利于花瓣形态在沐浴露配方中保持稳定。

小茴香挥发油 β -环糊精包合物的制备、 表征及稳定性研究

目的:制备小茴香挥发油β-环糊精包合物并对其进行结构表征及稳定性研究。方法:以小茴香挥发油包合率、包合产率、包合物中反式茴香脑的含量建立综合评分指标,探究小茴香挥发油与β-环糊精比例、包合温度、包合时间对其的影响,设计正交试验优化制备工艺。通过扫描电镜(SEM)法、薄层色谱(TLC)法、傅立叶红外光谱(IR)法、差示扫描量热(DSC)法进行表征。最后采用光照、高温、高湿试验考察包合物稳定性。结果:由饱和水溶液法得到最佳条件为挥发油与β-环糊精比例1∶8(mL/g),包合温度40℃,包合时间60 min,该条件下小茴香挥发油包合物的包合率为96.90%,包合产率为93.61%,反式茴香脑含量为6.81%,综合评分为99.68;所得包合物为白色粉末,质地疏松,包合效果较好。经扫描电镜法、薄层色谱法、傅立叶红外光谱法、差示扫描量热法表征发现,包合物已经形成。其在光照(4000 lx)5 d内稳定性良好,高温(60℃)下包合物中挥发性成分容易流失,在相对湿度大于75%时会潮解结块,在光照时间较长,高温高湿的条件下,包合率和反式茴香脑含量明显降低。结论:最佳包合工艺的包合率、包合产率较高,工艺稳定。贮藏在常温干燥密封的环境下,小茴香挥发油β-环糊精包合物较小茴香挥发油稳定性良好。