Farming Ritual and Festival Folk Custom of Dong Ethnic Minority Group

In order to pray for harvest and express gratitude, Dong ethnic arranged sacrifices of farming in accordance with periodicity of rice production and its requirements to festivals and calendar. Meanwhile, New Year, Pray in Spring and Return in Autumn not only play significant roles in agricultural production, but also evolve to farming holidays which are enriched with more social connotations. Centered on husbandry and production, some folklore that is rich in local color has been formed in Dong society. The writer introduced some farming ritual of Dong ethnic group, such as, sowing, Kai Yang Men, Rain-praying, Chang Xin, reaping and Lunar New Year, summarized their belief in the land worship, festival ritual, ancestor ritual and ceres ritual. It is concluded that sacrifice is a production-related folklore, which is formed by repeated operation and constant practice. Some taboos were also prohibited in agricultural sacrifice because people were not able to change the unfavorable reality of farming with their insufficient experience and knowledge; however, they resorted to witchcraft for the purpose of harvest. It is believed that the activity of sacrifice will also be kept in the life of Dong ethnic group due to their dependency on agriculture and the land.

Pursuing Harmony between Form and Meaning:A Case Study of Plan and Design of Gongbo Folk Custom Park

Taking Gongbo Folk Custom Park as the thread,this paper expounded the importance of sticking to the cultural and historical concept in landscape design,and made a preliminary exploration of application in actual landscape design.In the plan and design,it pursued unique characteristics through cultural refinement,focused on the study of connotation of Gongbo regional culture,refined and manifests the essence of culture in the design,and provided a brand new and colorful modern cultural living space for Tibetan people.

ECSRE Analysis on Late Comer Strategy for Folk Custom Eco-tourism of Southeast Chongqing in the New Normal State

The development of late comers in the new normal state is a practical and urgent issue to be tackled by underdeveloped areas of China in current situation.The development strategy of late comers is economic development strategy different from economically developed areas.Five element strategic analysis model(ECSRE) stresses intrinsic features of things,which is favorable for making clear weakness of late comers and suitable for southeast Chongqing.With the aid of the ECSRE,on the basis of analyzing resources and external conditions,this paper made an in-depth analysis on late comer strategy for southeast Chongqing from the perspective of industry pattern attribute,development stages,individual characters and thinking pattern of decision-makers.It stresses regional cooperation,unified restriction,dislocation characteristics,institutional simulation and innovation and improving policy system,to stimulate strengths of late comers,so as to promote long-term rapid and sustainable development of folk custom eco-tourism in southeast Chongqing.

Influence of Huizhou Culture on Plant Landscapes in Huizhou-style Gardens

Huizhou-style gardens have been greatly influenced by Huizhou culture, their plant landscapes have also been integrated with various aspects of Huizhou culture, which demonstrated the ideology, historical and cultural connotation of the society in an abstract and impalpable way. In this study, Huizhou-style miniature landscapes, plants of virtual implications, flowers or fruit trees of special connotations are taken for examples to analyze the influence of Xin’an Neo-Confucianism on plant landscapes in Huizhou-style gardens, the demonstration of Huizhou businessmen’s aesthetic tastes, as well as folk cultures of Huizhou, which implies that plant landscapes in Huizhou-style gardens are those incorporating with humanistic spirits, ornamental and practical uses. This study aims to provide references for further researches in the present situation of ancient Huizhou areas, protection of ancient Huizhou-style gardens and construction of new-style Huizhou gardens.

Confucian Moralizing Functions of Vernacular Houses:A Case Study of Vernacular Houses of Dongting East Mountain and West Mountain

Confucian ethics, idea and behavior criterion were embodied in "everything" of life, especially in the building as an important tool for moralizing. Taking a case study on vernacular houses of Dongting East Mountain and West Mountain, this paper reveals the "moderate", "etiquette" and "benevolence" as moral contents in the building's layout, form, space, decoration and so on. The moralizing reflects a subtle way of guidance, as well as diversified and systematic characteristics. Vernacular houses deeply mingled with daily life, had unique influence as physical environment, thus realizing the implementation and manifestation of Confucian moralizing ideas that have been converted to folk customs. In sum, the Confucian moralizing function carried by vernacular houses is the product of institutions and rules, and it is also the manifestation of conscious inheritance of cultural identity.