Effects of attenuated highly pathogenic pig reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS)TJM-F92 strain vaccine on immune antibody level against classical swine fever(CSF)and foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)were stu...Effects of attenuated highly pathogenic pig reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS)TJM-F92 strain vaccine on immune antibody level against classical swine fever(CSF)and foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)were studied from October 8 to November 12 in 2014,in order to optimize vaccination program of CSF,HP-PRRS and FMD and to provide scientific guidance for animal disease control and prevention work.The results showed that attenuated HP-PRRS(TJMF92 strain)vaccine had no significant effect on immune antibody level of hog cholera lapinized virus(HCLV,ST passage cell vaccine)attenuated vaccine and FMD-O inactivated vaccines(OZK/93 strain),and single or combined use of three vaccines received good immunization effects.展开更多
BACKGROUND Treatment of infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease(IO-IBD)is often challenging due to its aggressive disease course and failure of standard therapies with a need for biologics.Secondary loss of respons...BACKGROUND Treatment of infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease(IO-IBD)is often challenging due to its aggressive disease course and failure of standard therapies with a need for biologics.Secondary loss of response is frequently caused by the production of anti-drug antibodies,a well-known problem in IBD patients on biologic treatment.We present a case of IO-IBD treated with therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)-guided high-dose anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy,in which dose escalation monitoring was used as a strategy to overcome anti-drug antibodies.CASE SUMMARY A 5-mo-old boy presented with a history of persistent hematochezia from the 10th d of life,as well as relapsing perianal abscess and growth failure.Hypoalbuminemia,anemia,and elevated inflammatory markers were also present.Endoscopic assessment revealed skip lesions with deep colic ulcerations,inflammatory anal sub-stenosis,and deep fissures with persistent abscess.A diagnosis of IO-IBD Crohn-like was made.The patient was initially treated with oral steroids and fistulotomy.After the perianal abscess healed,adalimumab(ADA)was administered with concomitant gradual tapering of steroids.Clinical and biochemical steroid-free remission was achieved with good trough levels.After 3 mo,antibodies to ADA(ATA)were found with undetectable trough levels;therefore,we optimized the therapy schedule,first administering 10 mg weekly and subsequently up to 20 mg weekly(2.8 mg/kg/dose).After 2 mo of high-dose treatment,ATA disappeared,with concomitant high trough levels and stable clinical and biochemical remission of the disease.CONCLUSION TDM-guided high-dose ADA treatment as a monotherapy overcame ATA production.This strategy could be a good alternative to combination therapy,especially in very young patients.展开更多
To identify linear epitopes on the non-structural protein 3AB of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), BABL/c mice were immunized with the 3AB protein and splenocytes of BALB/c mice were fused with myeloma Sp2/0 cells....To identify linear epitopes on the non-structural protein 3AB of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), BABL/c mice were immunized with the 3AB protein and splenocytes of BALB/c mice were fused with myeloma Sp2/0 cells. Two hybridoma monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cell lines against the 3AB protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were obtained, named C6 and E7 respectively . The microneutralization titer was 1:1024 for mAb C6, and 1:512 for E7. Both mAbs contain kappa light chains, and were of subclass IgG2b. In order to define the mAbs binding epitopes, the reactivity of these mAbs against FMDV were examined by indirect ELISA. The results showed that both mAbs can react with FMDV, but had no cross-reactivity with Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) antigens. The titers in abdomen liquor were 1:5×106 for C6 and 1:2×106 for E7. In conclusion, the mAbs obtained from this study are specific for the detection of FMDV, can be used for etiological and immunological researches on FMDV, and have potential use in diagnosis and future vaccine designs.展开更多
In order to develop an anti-FMDV A Type monoclonal antibody (mAb),BABL/c mice were immunized with FMDV A type.Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 7B11 and 8H4 against Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A were produ...In order to develop an anti-FMDV A Type monoclonal antibody (mAb),BABL/c mice were immunized with FMDV A type.Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 7B11 and 8H4 against Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with splenocyte from the mouse immunized with A/AV88.The microneutralization titer of the mAbs 7B11 and 8H4 were 1024 and 512,respectively.Both mAbs contain kappa light chains,the mAbs were IgG1.In order to define the mAbs binding epitopes,the reactivity of these mAbs against A Type FMDV,were examined using indirect ELISA,the result showed that both mAbs reacted with A Type FMDV.These mAbs may be used for further vaccine studies,diagnostic methods,prophylaxis,etiological and immunological research on FMDV.Characterization of these ncindicated that prepared anti-FMDV A mAbs had no cross-reactivity with Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) or FMDV O,Asia1 and C Type antigens.Their titers in abdomen liquor were 1:5×106 and 1:2×106,respectively.7B11 was found to be of subtype IgG1,8H4 was classified as IgG2b subtype.The mAbs prepared in this study,are specific for detection of FMDV serotype A,and is potentially useful for pen-side diagnosis.展开更多
Monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) 1A9 and 9F12 against Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with splenocyte from the mouse immunized with O/China99. Both McAbs reacted...Monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) 1A9 and 9F12 against Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with splenocyte from the mouse immunized with O/China99. Both McAbs reacted with O/China99 but not with Asia 1, as determined by immunohistochemistry assay. The microneutralization titer of the McAbs 1A9 and 9F12 were 640 and 1 280, respectively. Both McAbs contain kappa light chains, but the McAbs 1A9 and 9F12 were IgG1 and IgM, respectively. In order to define the McAbs binding epitopes, the reactivity of these McAbs against VP1, P20 and P14 were examined using indirect ELISA, the result showed that both McAbs reacted with VP1 and P20. McAbs may be used for further studies of vaccine, diagnostic methods, prophylaxis, etiological and immunological researches on FMDV.展开更多
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as diffi...Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment, anti-IgLON5 disease has become the subject of considerable research attention in the field of neuroimmunology. Anti-IgLON5 disease has characteristics of both autoimmunity and neurodegeneration due to the unique activity of the antiIgLON5 antibody. Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a tauopathy preferentially affecting the hypothalamus and brainstem tegmentum, potentially broadening our understanding of tauopathies. In contrast to that seen with other autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies, basic studies have demonstrated that IgLON5 antibody-induced neuronal damage and degeneration are irreversible, indicative of a potential link between autoimmunity and neurodegeneration in antiIgLON5 disease. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss basic and clinical studies relating to anti-IgLON5 disease to better understand this complicated disorder.展开更多
AIM To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of autoimmune liver disease(ALD)-related autoantibodies in patients with biliary atresia(BA).METHODS Sera of 124 BA patients and 140 age-matched non-BA contr...AIM To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of autoimmune liver disease(ALD)-related autoantibodies in patients with biliary atresia(BA).METHODS Sera of 124 BA patients and 140 age-matched non-BA controls were assayed for detection of the following autoantibodies: ALD profile and specific anti-nuclear antibodies(ANAs), by line-blot assay; ANA and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA), by indirect immunofluorescence assay; specific ANCAs and antiM2-3 E, by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Associations of these autoantibodies with the clinical features of BA(i.e., cytomegalovirus infection, degree of liver fibrosis, and short-term prognosis of Kasai procedure) were evaluated by Spearman's correlation coefficient.RESULTS The overall positive rate of serum autoantibodies in preoperative BA patients was 56.5%. ALD profile assay showed that the positive reaction to primary biliary cholangitis-related autoantibodies in BA patients was higher than that to autoimmune hepatitis-related autoantibodies. Among these autoantibodies, anti-BPO was detected more frequently in the BA patients than in the controls(14.8% vs 2.2%, P < 0.05). Accordingly, 32(25.8%) of the 124 BA patients also showed a high positive reaction for anti-M2-3 E. By comparison, the controls had a remarkably lower frequency of anti-M2-3 E(P < 0.05), with 6/92(8.6%) of patients with other liver diseases and 2/48(4.2%) of healthy controls. The prevalence of ANA in BA patients was 11.3%, which was higher than that in disease controls(3.3%, P < 0.05), but the reactivity to specific ANAs was only 8.2%. The prevalence of ANCAs(ANCA or specific ANCAs) in BA patients was also remarkably higher than that in the healthy controls(37.9% vs 6.3%, P < 0.05), but showed no difference from that in patients with other cholestasis. ANCA positivity was closely associated with the occurrence of postoperative cholangitis(r = 0.61, P < 0.05), whereas none of the autoantibodies showed a correlation to cytomegalovirus infection or the stages of liver fibrosis.CONCLUSION High prevalence of autoantibodies in the BA developmental process strongly reveals the autoimmunemediated pathogenesis. Serological ANCA positivity may be a useful predictive biomarker of postoperative cholangitis.展开更多
AIM: To identify the role of anti-pancreatic antibody (PAB) in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) among Turkish patients, and its frequency in firstdegree relatives.METHODS: PAB and anti-Saccharomyces ...AIM: To identify the role of anti-pancreatic antibody (PAB) in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) among Turkish patients, and its frequency in firstdegree relatives.METHODS: PAB and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) were examined in serum samples of 214 subjects including patients with Crohn's disease (CD, n = 64), ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 63), first-degree relatives of patients with CD (n = 25), first-degree relatives of patients with UC (n = 28),and a control group with gastrointestinal symptoms other than (IBD) (n = 34) by indirect immunofluorescence Positivity of PAB and ASCA was compared in terms of Vienna classification, disease activity and medications used.RESULTS: In terms of PAB positivity, no difference was found between patients with CD (14.1%) and UC (7.9%) however, significant difference was observed between patients with CD and subjects in the control group (P < 0.05). No difference was found between patients with CD and their relatives in terms of ASCA positivity, whereas a significant difference was found between other groups (P < 0.001). Compared to ASCA, the sensitivity of the PAB was 19% (7/37), its specificity was 93% (25/27), positive predictive value was 77% (7/9) and negative predictive value was 45% (25/55). ASCA was found with significantly higher prevalence in patients with CD activity index > 150 (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: PAB is valuable in the diagnosis of IBD rather than CD, but cannot be used alone for diagnostic purposes. PAB is not superior to ASCA in CD diagnosis and in detecting CD among relatives of patients with CD.展开更多
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a member of the Coronavifidae family, is the causative pathogen for MERS that is characterized by high fever, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome ...Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a member of the Coronavifidae family, is the causative pathogen for MERS that is characterized by high fever, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as well as extrapul- monary manifestations. Currently, there are no approved treatment regimens or vaccines for MERS. Here~ we generated recombinant nonvirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota strain expressing MERS-CoV S protein (designated as rLa- MERS-S), and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice and Bactrian camels. The results revealed that rLa-MERS-S showed similar growth properties to those of LaSota in embryonated chicken eggs, while animal immunization studies showed that rLa-MERS-S induced MERS-CoV neutralizing antibodies in mice and camels. Our findings suggest that recombinant rLa- MERS-S may be a potential MERS-CoV veterinary vaccine candidate for camels and other animals affected by MERS.展开更多
To investigate the dynamic change of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in the genesis and development of tumor, we successfully established tumor animal model using Marek’s disease and then determined the location of H...To investigate the dynamic change of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in the genesis and development of tumor, we successfully established tumor animal model using Marek’s disease and then determined the location of Hsp90 in the tumor tissue using immunohistochemistry method, the antibody titer level of Hsp90 in the serum and the expression level in the tissue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Our result showed that Hsp90 location in the tumor tissue was signiifcantly associated with the tumor cell and most in the cytoplasm of the tumor cell, and Hsp90 expression level in the tissue and the antibody titer level in the serum was most signiifcantly increased with the development of tumor. This is the ifrst report to show the presence of Hsp90 in tumor tissues induced by the Marek’s disease, with its expression correlated to the tumoral grading. These data may also be valuable for developing new molecular anti-cancer therapies.展开更多
To determine passive haemagglutination (PHA) antibody titer that would protect chicks against Nigerian isolates of the Infectious Bursa Disease Virus (IBDV), five groups of chicks aged 30 days which had different anti...To determine passive haemagglutination (PHA) antibody titer that would protect chicks against Nigerian isolates of the Infectious Bursa Disease Virus (IBDV), five groups of chicks aged 30 days which had different antibody titers were challenged with a Nigerian isolate of virulent IBDV. Mortality rates of the different groups were plotted against their respective mean PHA antibody titers. A group with zero antibody titer had a mortality rate of 75% while those with PHA antibody titers of 185.6, 243.2, 256 and 307.2 had mortality rates of 40%, zero, zero and zero respectively. Linear equation generated for a line of best fit of the graph of mortality rates of the chicks on their IBD antibody titers gave antibody titer (X) at which mortality (Y) would be zero as 300. A mortality of 75% and the high antibody level needed to protect chicks suggest that the isolate may be a hypervirulent strain.展开更多
An amino acid mutation(R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on vi...An amino acid mutation(R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on viral replication and infection, the amino acid residue isoleucine(I) was changed to arginine(R) in the infectious cDNA clone of the rabbit-attenuated ZB strain by sitedirected mutagenesis, and the R127-mutated virus was rescued. BHK monolayer cells and suckling mice were inoculated with the R127-mutated virus to test its growth property and pathogenicity, respectively. The effects of the R127 mutation on viral replication and virulence were analyzed. The data showed that there was a slight difference in plaque morphology between the R127-mutated and wild-type viruses. The growth rate of the mutated virus was lower in BHK-21 cells and its virulence in suckling mice was also attenuated. This study indicates that the R127 mutation in 3A may play an important role in FMDV replication in vitro and in pathogenicity in suckling mice.展开更多
AIM: To assess the prevalence and stability of different antiphospholipid antibodies(APLAs) and their association with disease phenotype and progression in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) patients.METHODS: About 458 ...AIM: To assess the prevalence and stability of different antiphospholipid antibodies(APLAs) and their association with disease phenotype and progression in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) patients.METHODS: About 458 consecutive patients [Crohn's disease(CD): 271 and ulcerative colitis(UC): 187] were enrolled into a follow-up cohort study in a tertiary IBD referral center in Hungary. Detailed clinical phenotypes were determined at enrollment by reviewing the patients' medical charts. Disease activity, medical treatment and data about evolvement of complications or surgical interventions were determined prospectively during the follow-up. Disease course(development f complicated disease phenotype and need for surgery),occurrence of thrombotic events, actual state of diseaseactivity according to clinical, laboratory and endoscopic scores and accurate treatment regime were recorded during the follow-up,(median, 57.4 and 61.6 mo for CD and UC). Sera of IBD patients and 103 healthy controls(HC) were tested on individual anti-β2-Glycoprotein-I(anti-β2-GPI IgA/M/G), anti-cardiolipin(ACA IgA/M/G)and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin(anti-PS/PT IgA/M/G) antibodies and also anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies(ASCA IgA/G) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). In a subgroup of CD(n = 198) and UC patients(n = 103), obtaining consecutive samples over various arbitrary timepoints during the disease course, we evaluated the intraindividual stability of the APLA status. Additionally,we provide an overview of studies, performed so far, in which significance of APLAs in IBD were assessed.RESULTS: Patients with CD had significantly higher prevalence of both ACA(23.4%) and anti-PS/PT(20.4%) antibodies than UC(4.8%, p < 0.0001 and10.2%, p = 0.004) and HC(2.9%, p < 0.0001 and15.5%, p = NS). No difference was found for the prevalence of anti-β2-GPI between different groups(7.2%-9.7%). In CD, no association was found between APLA and ASCA status of the patients.Occurrence of anti-β2-GPI, ACA and anti-PS/PT was not different between the group of patients with active vs inactive disease state according to appropriate clinical, laboratory and endoscopic scores in CD as well as in UC patients. All subtypes of anti-β2-GPI and ACA IgM status were found to be very stable over time, in contrast ACA IgG and even more ACA IgA status showed significant intraindividual changes.Changes in antibody status were more remarkable in CD than UC(ACA IgA: 49.9% vs 23.3% and ACA IgG:21.2% vs 5.8%). Interestingly, 59.1% and 30.1% of CD patients who received anti-TNF therapy showed significant negative to positive changes in ACA IgA and IgG antibody status respectively. APLA status was not associated with the clinical phenotype at diagnosis or during follow-up, medical therapy, or thrombotic events and it was not associated with the probability of developing complicated disease phenotype or surgery in a Kaplan-Meier analysis.CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated enhanced formation of APLAs in CD patients. However,presence of different APLAs were not associated with the clinical phenotype or disease course.展开更多
AIM: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-nuclear associated anti-neutrophil antibodies (NANA) and antibodies to exocrine pancreas (PAB), are serological tools for discriminating Crohn’s disease (CrD...AIM: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-nuclear associated anti-neutrophil antibodies (NANA) and antibodies to exocrine pancreas (PAB), are serological tools for discriminating Crohn’s disease (CrD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Like CrD, coeliac disease (CoD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated with (auto) antibodies. Performing a multicenter study we primarily aimed to determine the performance of ASCA, NANA and PAB tests for IBD diagnosis in children and adults, and secondarily to evaluate the prevalence of these markers in CoD. METHODS: Sera of 109 patients with CrD, 78 with UC, 45 with CoD and 50 healthy blood donors were retrospectively included. ASCA, NANA and PAB were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). RESULTS: ASCA+/NANA- profile displayed a positive predictive value of 94.2% for CrD. Detection of ASCA was correlated with a more severe clinical profile of CrD and treatment of the disease did not influence their serum levels. ASCA positivity was found in 37.9% of active CoD.PAB were found in 36.7% CrD and 13.3% CoD patients and were not correlated with clinical features of CrD, except with an early onset of the disease. Fifteen CrD patients were ASCA negative and PAB positive. CONCLUSION: ASCA and PAB detected by IIF are specific markers for CrD although their presence does not rule out a possible active CoD. The combination of ASCA, NANA and PAB tests improves the sensitivity of immunological markers for CrD. Repeating ASCA, NANA, and PAB testing during the course of CrD has no clinical value.展开更多
The complete genomic sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Chinese strain OH/CHA/99 was determined. The 8040 nt sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence werecompared with FMDV sequences published. The re...The complete genomic sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Chinese strain OH/CHA/99 was determined. The 8040 nt sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence werecompared with FMDV sequences published. The results showed that OH/CHA/99 shared highersequence homology with OTYTW/97, indicating their close genetic relationship. However,the strain had lower sequence identity with O1/Kaufbeuren/66 strain. Besides, largedeletions in 3A coding region were observed in OH/CHA/99. It was shown that the poly (A)tail of OH/CHA/99 had 56 As at least.展开更多
Seronegative spondyloarthropathy(SpA)usually starts in the third decade of life with negative rheumatoid factor,human leukocyte antigen-B27 genetic marker and clinical features of spinal and peripheral arthritis,dacty...Seronegative spondyloarthropathy(SpA)usually starts in the third decade of life with negative rheumatoid factor,human leukocyte antigen-B27 genetic marker and clinical features of spinal and peripheral arthritis,dactylitis,enthesitis and extra-articular manifestations(EAMs).Cases can be classified as ankylosing spondylitis,psoriatic arthritis,reactive arthritis,enteropathic arthritis,or juvenileonset spondyloarthritis.Joint and gut inflammation is intricately linked in SpA and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),with shared genetic and immunopathogenic mechanisms.IBD is a common EAM in SpA patients,while extraintestinal manifestations in IBD patients mostly affect the joints.Although individual protocols are available for the management of each disease,the standard therapeutic guidelines of SpA-associated IBD patients remain to be established.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended as initial therapy of peripheral and axial SpA,whereas their use is controversial in IBD due to associated disease flares.Conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are beneficial for peripheral arthritis but ineffective for axial SpA or IBD therapy.Anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies are effective medications with indicated use in SpA and IBD,and a drug of choice for treating SpA-associated IBD.Janus kinase inhibitors,approved for treating SpA and ulcerative colitis,are promising therapeutics in SpA coexistent with ulcerative colitis.A tight collaboration between gastroenterologists and rheumatologists with mutual referral from early accurate diagnosis to appropriately prompt therapy is required in this complex clinical scenario.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic intestinal inflammation of unknown etiology. The diagnosis of IBD is based on endoscopic, radiologic and histopatholo...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic intestinal inflammation of unknown etiology. The diagnosis of IBD is based on endoscopic, radiologic and histopathologic criteria. Recently, the search for a noninvasive marker that could augment or replace part of this diagnostic process has become a focus of IBD research. In this review, antibody markers, including microbial antibodies, autoantibodies and peptide antibodies, will be described, focusing on their common features. At present, no single marker with qualities that are satisfactory for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD has been identified, although panels of some antibodies are being evaluated with keen interest. The discovery of novel IBD-specific and sensitive markers is anticipated. Such markers could minimize the use of endoscopic and radiologic examinations and could enable clinicians to implement individualized treatment plans designed to improve the long-term prognosis of patients with IBD.展开更多
BACKGROUND The healthcare burden of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is rising globally and there are limited non-invasive biomarkers for accurate and early diagnosis.AIM To understand the important role that intestinal...BACKGROUND The healthcare burden of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is rising globally and there are limited non-invasive biomarkers for accurate and early diagnosis.AIM To understand the important role that intestinal microbiota play in IBD pathogenesis and identify anti-microbial antibody signatures that benefit clinical management of IBD patients.METHODS We performed serological profiling of 100 Crohn’s disease(CD)patients,100 ulcerative colitis(UC)patients and 100 healthy controls against 1173 bacterial and 397 viral proteins from 50 bacteria and 33 viruses on protein microarrays.The study subjects were randomly divided into discovery(n=150)and validation(n=150)sets.Statistical analysis was performed using R packages.RESULTS Anti-bacterial antibody responses showed greater differential prevalence among the three subject groups than anti-viral antibody responses.We identified novel antibodies against the antigens of Bacteroidetes vulgatus(BVU_0562)and Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP_1992)showing higher prevalence in CD patients relative to healthy controls.We also identified antibodies against the antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes(SPy_2009)showing higher prevalence in healthy controls relative to UC patients.Using these novel antibodies,we built biomarker panels with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.81,0.87,and 0.82 distinguishing CD vs control,UC vs control,and CD vs UC,respectively.Subgroup analysis revealed that penetrating CD behavior,colonic CD location,CD patients with a history of surgery,and extensive UC exhibited highest antibody prevalence among all patients.We demonstrated that autoantibodies and anti-microbial antibodies in CD patients had minimal correlation.CONCLUSION We have identified antibody signatures for CD and UC using a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial antibody response in IBD.These antibodies and the source microorganisms of their target antigens improve our understanding of the role of specific microorganisms in IBD pathogenesis and,after future validation,should aid early and accurate diagnosis of IBD.展开更多
Background: Differentiating Graves hyperthyroidism from the other causes of hyperthyroidism, using serum TRAb testing is essential step for diagnosis. Objectives: To study importance of TRAb in the diagnosis of Graves...Background: Differentiating Graves hyperthyroidism from the other causes of hyperthyroidism, using serum TRAb testing is essential step for diagnosis. Objectives: To study importance of TRAb in the diagnosis of Graves’ disease, distinguishing it from thyroiditis, and comparing it with clinical features and other tests such as TPOAb, US thyroid and thyroid scintiscan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients attending endocrine clinicErbil city. Patients were studied on clinical feature basis and investigated with serum TRAb, TPOAb, TSH, Free T4, and Ultrasound examination of thyroid gland. Fisher exact test and Chi Square test of independence, Correlation coefficient and t-test of independence were used. Results: Fifty-two patients were found to have Graves’ disease;There was significant correlation between TRAb positivity and diagnosis of Graves’ disease p 0.05. Conclusion: A positive correlation was found between TRAb titer and positivity and no significant relation between TPOAb levels between Graves’ disease patients compared with thyroiditis patients, respectively.展开更多
Objective To assess whether there was strong association between antiphospholipid antibodies and coronary heart disease, to study the environmental factors of APA production and APA pathogenic mechanism in patients wi...Objective To assess whether there was strong association between antiphospholipid antibodies and coronary heart disease, to study the environmental factors of APA production and APA pathogenic mechanism in patients with CHD.Methods Blood samples from 76 patients with CHD and 30 controls were tested for anticardiolipin antibodies IgG,human cytomegalovirus IgG,IgM by enzyme link immunosorbant assay and 6 keto PGF 1a ,endothelin by radioimmunoassay.Results A total of 27 patients were ACA positive in 76, as compared to 2 of 30 healthy individuals, P <0.05. There was no difference in ACA among acute myocardial infarction, old myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, P >0.05. The number of ACA positive subjects was higher in HCMV infection patients with CHD than no HCMV infectious patients with CHD. There was no PGI 2 and ET level difference between ACA IgG positive and negative CHD.Conclusion There are strong association between APA and CHD. The HCMV infection may be an environmental factor of APA production in CHD patients with raised ACA. The alteration of PGI 2 and ET are not the pathogenic mechanism of ACA in patients with CHD.展开更多
文摘Effects of attenuated highly pathogenic pig reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS)TJM-F92 strain vaccine on immune antibody level against classical swine fever(CSF)and foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)were studied from October 8 to November 12 in 2014,in order to optimize vaccination program of CSF,HP-PRRS and FMD and to provide scientific guidance for animal disease control and prevention work.The results showed that attenuated HP-PRRS(TJMF92 strain)vaccine had no significant effect on immune antibody level of hog cholera lapinized virus(HCLV,ST passage cell vaccine)attenuated vaccine and FMD-O inactivated vaccines(OZK/93 strain),and single or combined use of three vaccines received good immunization effects.
文摘BACKGROUND Treatment of infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease(IO-IBD)is often challenging due to its aggressive disease course and failure of standard therapies with a need for biologics.Secondary loss of response is frequently caused by the production of anti-drug antibodies,a well-known problem in IBD patients on biologic treatment.We present a case of IO-IBD treated with therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)-guided high-dose anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy,in which dose escalation monitoring was used as a strategy to overcome anti-drug antibodies.CASE SUMMARY A 5-mo-old boy presented with a history of persistent hematochezia from the 10th d of life,as well as relapsing perianal abscess and growth failure.Hypoalbuminemia,anemia,and elevated inflammatory markers were also present.Endoscopic assessment revealed skip lesions with deep colic ulcerations,inflammatory anal sub-stenosis,and deep fissures with persistent abscess.A diagnosis of IO-IBD Crohn-like was made.The patient was initially treated with oral steroids and fistulotomy.After the perianal abscess healed,adalimumab(ADA)was administered with concomitant gradual tapering of steroids.Clinical and biochemical steroid-free remission was achieved with good trough levels.After 3 mo,antibodies to ADA(ATA)were found with undetectable trough levels;therefore,we optimized the therapy schedule,first administering 10 mg weekly and subsequently up to 20 mg weekly(2.8 mg/kg/dose).After 2 mo of high-dose treatment,ATA disappeared,with concomitant high trough levels and stable clinical and biochemical remission of the disease.CONCLUSION TDM-guided high-dose ADA treatment as a monotherapy overcame ATA production.This strategy could be a good alternative to combination therapy,especially in very young patients.
基金State Key Projects of Transgene Program(No.2011ZX08011-0042009ZX08007-008B2009ZX08006-002B)
文摘To identify linear epitopes on the non-structural protein 3AB of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), BABL/c mice were immunized with the 3AB protein and splenocytes of BALB/c mice were fused with myeloma Sp2/0 cells. Two hybridoma monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cell lines against the 3AB protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were obtained, named C6 and E7 respectively . The microneutralization titer was 1:1024 for mAb C6, and 1:512 for E7. Both mAbs contain kappa light chains, and were of subclass IgG2b. In order to define the mAbs binding epitopes, the reactivity of these mAbs against FMDV were examined by indirect ELISA. The results showed that both mAbs can react with FMDV, but had no cross-reactivity with Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) antigens. The titers in abdomen liquor were 1:5×106 for C6 and 1:2×106 for E7. In conclusion, the mAbs obtained from this study are specific for the detection of FMDV, can be used for etiological and immunological researches on FMDV, and have potential use in diagnosis and future vaccine designs.
基金State Key Projects of Transgene Program(2011ZX08011-0042009ZX 08007- 008B2009ZX08006-002B)
文摘In order to develop an anti-FMDV A Type monoclonal antibody (mAb),BABL/c mice were immunized with FMDV A type.Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 7B11 and 8H4 against Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with splenocyte from the mouse immunized with A/AV88.The microneutralization titer of the mAbs 7B11 and 8H4 were 1024 and 512,respectively.Both mAbs contain kappa light chains,the mAbs were IgG1.In order to define the mAbs binding epitopes,the reactivity of these mAbs against A Type FMDV,were examined using indirect ELISA,the result showed that both mAbs reacted with A Type FMDV.These mAbs may be used for further vaccine studies,diagnostic methods,prophylaxis,etiological and immunological research on FMDV.Characterization of these ncindicated that prepared anti-FMDV A mAbs had no cross-reactivity with Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) or FMDV O,Asia1 and C Type antigens.Their titers in abdomen liquor were 1:5×106 and 1:2×106,respectively.7B11 was found to be of subtype IgG1,8H4 was classified as IgG2b subtype.The mAbs prepared in this study,are specific for detection of FMDV serotype A,and is potentially useful for pen-side diagnosis.
基金The national high technology research and development program of China 863 (2006AA10A204)The national science and technology pillar program (2006BAD06A17)
文摘Monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) 1A9 and 9F12 against Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with splenocyte from the mouse immunized with O/China99. Both McAbs reacted with O/China99 but not with Asia 1, as determined by immunohistochemistry assay. The microneutralization titer of the McAbs 1A9 and 9F12 were 640 and 1 280, respectively. Both McAbs contain kappa light chains, but the McAbs 1A9 and 9F12 were IgG1 and IgM, respectively. In order to define the McAbs binding epitopes, the reactivity of these McAbs against VP1, P20 and P14 were examined using indirect ELISA, the result showed that both McAbs reacted with VP1 and P20. McAbs may be used for further studies of vaccine, diagnostic methods, prophylaxis, etiological and immunological researches on FMDV.
基金supported by Shanghai Shuguang Plan Project,No. 18SG15Shanghai Outstanding Young Scholars Project+1 种基金Shanghai Talent Development Project,No. 2019044Clinical Research Plan of SHDC,No. SHDC 2020CR2027B (all to SC)。
文摘Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment, anti-IgLON5 disease has become the subject of considerable research attention in the field of neuroimmunology. Anti-IgLON5 disease has characteristics of both autoimmunity and neurodegeneration due to the unique activity of the antiIgLON5 antibody. Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a tauopathy preferentially affecting the hypothalamus and brainstem tegmentum, potentially broadening our understanding of tauopathies. In contrast to that seen with other autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies, basic studies have demonstrated that IgLON5 antibody-induced neuronal damage and degeneration are irreversible, indicative of a potential link between autoimmunity and neurodegeneration in antiIgLON5 disease. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss basic and clinical studies relating to anti-IgLON5 disease to better understand this complicated disorder.
基金the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Planning Project,No.2014A020212520the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project,No.201707010014
文摘AIM To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of autoimmune liver disease(ALD)-related autoantibodies in patients with biliary atresia(BA).METHODS Sera of 124 BA patients and 140 age-matched non-BA controls were assayed for detection of the following autoantibodies: ALD profile and specific anti-nuclear antibodies(ANAs), by line-blot assay; ANA and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA), by indirect immunofluorescence assay; specific ANCAs and antiM2-3 E, by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Associations of these autoantibodies with the clinical features of BA(i.e., cytomegalovirus infection, degree of liver fibrosis, and short-term prognosis of Kasai procedure) were evaluated by Spearman's correlation coefficient.RESULTS The overall positive rate of serum autoantibodies in preoperative BA patients was 56.5%. ALD profile assay showed that the positive reaction to primary biliary cholangitis-related autoantibodies in BA patients was higher than that to autoimmune hepatitis-related autoantibodies. Among these autoantibodies, anti-BPO was detected more frequently in the BA patients than in the controls(14.8% vs 2.2%, P < 0.05). Accordingly, 32(25.8%) of the 124 BA patients also showed a high positive reaction for anti-M2-3 E. By comparison, the controls had a remarkably lower frequency of anti-M2-3 E(P < 0.05), with 6/92(8.6%) of patients with other liver diseases and 2/48(4.2%) of healthy controls. The prevalence of ANA in BA patients was 11.3%, which was higher than that in disease controls(3.3%, P < 0.05), but the reactivity to specific ANAs was only 8.2%. The prevalence of ANCAs(ANCA or specific ANCAs) in BA patients was also remarkably higher than that in the healthy controls(37.9% vs 6.3%, P < 0.05), but showed no difference from that in patients with other cholestasis. ANCA positivity was closely associated with the occurrence of postoperative cholangitis(r = 0.61, P < 0.05), whereas none of the autoantibodies showed a correlation to cytomegalovirus infection or the stages of liver fibrosis.CONCLUSION High prevalence of autoantibodies in the BA developmental process strongly reveals the autoimmunemediated pathogenesis. Serological ANCA positivity may be a useful predictive biomarker of postoperative cholangitis.
文摘AIM: To identify the role of anti-pancreatic antibody (PAB) in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) among Turkish patients, and its frequency in firstdegree relatives.METHODS: PAB and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) were examined in serum samples of 214 subjects including patients with Crohn's disease (CD, n = 64), ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 63), first-degree relatives of patients with CD (n = 25), first-degree relatives of patients with UC (n = 28),and a control group with gastrointestinal symptoms other than (IBD) (n = 34) by indirect immunofluorescence Positivity of PAB and ASCA was compared in terms of Vienna classification, disease activity and medications used.RESULTS: In terms of PAB positivity, no difference was found between patients with CD (14.1%) and UC (7.9%) however, significant difference was observed between patients with CD and subjects in the control group (P < 0.05). No difference was found between patients with CD and their relatives in terms of ASCA positivity, whereas a significant difference was found between other groups (P < 0.001). Compared to ASCA, the sensitivity of the PAB was 19% (7/37), its specificity was 93% (25/27), positive predictive value was 77% (7/9) and negative predictive value was 45% (25/55). ASCA was found with significantly higher prevalence in patients with CD activity index > 150 (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: PAB is valuable in the diagnosis of IBD rather than CD, but cannot be used alone for diagnostic purposes. PAB is not superior to ASCA in CD diagnosis and in detecting CD among relatives of patients with CD.
基金support by National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2013BAD12B05)
文摘Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a member of the Coronavifidae family, is the causative pathogen for MERS that is characterized by high fever, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as well as extrapul- monary manifestations. Currently, there are no approved treatment regimens or vaccines for MERS. Here~ we generated recombinant nonvirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota strain expressing MERS-CoV S protein (designated as rLa- MERS-S), and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice and Bactrian camels. The results revealed that rLa-MERS-S showed similar growth properties to those of LaSota in embryonated chicken eggs, while animal immunization studies showed that rLa-MERS-S induced MERS-CoV neutralizing antibodies in mice and camels. Our findings suggest that recombinant rLa- MERS-S may be a potential MERS-CoV veterinary vaccine candidate for camels and other animals affected by MERS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101787)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (ZR2010CM035)
文摘To investigate the dynamic change of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in the genesis and development of tumor, we successfully established tumor animal model using Marek’s disease and then determined the location of Hsp90 in the tumor tissue using immunohistochemistry method, the antibody titer level of Hsp90 in the serum and the expression level in the tissue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Our result showed that Hsp90 location in the tumor tissue was signiifcantly associated with the tumor cell and most in the cytoplasm of the tumor cell, and Hsp90 expression level in the tissue and the antibody titer level in the serum was most signiifcantly increased with the development of tumor. This is the ifrst report to show the presence of Hsp90 in tumor tissues induced by the Marek’s disease, with its expression correlated to the tumoral grading. These data may also be valuable for developing new molecular anti-cancer therapies.
文摘To determine passive haemagglutination (PHA) antibody titer that would protect chicks against Nigerian isolates of the Infectious Bursa Disease Virus (IBDV), five groups of chicks aged 30 days which had different antibody titers were challenged with a Nigerian isolate of virulent IBDV. Mortality rates of the different groups were plotted against their respective mean PHA antibody titers. A group with zero antibody titer had a mortality rate of 75% while those with PHA antibody titers of 185.6, 243.2, 256 and 307.2 had mortality rates of 40%, zero, zero and zero respectively. Linear equation generated for a line of best fit of the graph of mortality rates of the chicks on their IBD antibody titers gave antibody titer (X) at which mortality (Y) would be zero as 300. A mortality of 75% and the high antibody level needed to protect chicks suggest that the isolate may be a hypervirulent strain.
基金jointly supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31060343)Innovative Talents in Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province(2011HB035)
文摘An amino acid mutation(R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on viral replication and infection, the amino acid residue isoleucine(I) was changed to arginine(R) in the infectious cDNA clone of the rabbit-attenuated ZB strain by sitedirected mutagenesis, and the R127-mutated virus was rescued. BHK monolayer cells and suckling mice were inoculated with the R127-mutated virus to test its growth property and pathogenicity, respectively. The effects of the R127 mutation on viral replication and virulence were analyzed. The data showed that there was a slight difference in plaque morphology between the R127-mutated and wild-type viruses. The growth rate of the mutated virus was lower in BHK-21 cells and its virulence in suckling mice was also attenuated. This study indicates that the R127 mutation in 3A may play an important role in FMDV replication in vitro and in pathogenicity in suckling mice.
基金Supported by Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,Internal Research Grant of University of Debrecen and the IOIBD Research Grant
文摘AIM: To assess the prevalence and stability of different antiphospholipid antibodies(APLAs) and their association with disease phenotype and progression in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) patients.METHODS: About 458 consecutive patients [Crohn's disease(CD): 271 and ulcerative colitis(UC): 187] were enrolled into a follow-up cohort study in a tertiary IBD referral center in Hungary. Detailed clinical phenotypes were determined at enrollment by reviewing the patients' medical charts. Disease activity, medical treatment and data about evolvement of complications or surgical interventions were determined prospectively during the follow-up. Disease course(development f complicated disease phenotype and need for surgery),occurrence of thrombotic events, actual state of diseaseactivity according to clinical, laboratory and endoscopic scores and accurate treatment regime were recorded during the follow-up,(median, 57.4 and 61.6 mo for CD and UC). Sera of IBD patients and 103 healthy controls(HC) were tested on individual anti-β2-Glycoprotein-I(anti-β2-GPI IgA/M/G), anti-cardiolipin(ACA IgA/M/G)and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin(anti-PS/PT IgA/M/G) antibodies and also anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies(ASCA IgA/G) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). In a subgroup of CD(n = 198) and UC patients(n = 103), obtaining consecutive samples over various arbitrary timepoints during the disease course, we evaluated the intraindividual stability of the APLA status. Additionally,we provide an overview of studies, performed so far, in which significance of APLAs in IBD were assessed.RESULTS: Patients with CD had significantly higher prevalence of both ACA(23.4%) and anti-PS/PT(20.4%) antibodies than UC(4.8%, p < 0.0001 and10.2%, p = 0.004) and HC(2.9%, p < 0.0001 and15.5%, p = NS). No difference was found for the prevalence of anti-β2-GPI between different groups(7.2%-9.7%). In CD, no association was found between APLA and ASCA status of the patients.Occurrence of anti-β2-GPI, ACA and anti-PS/PT was not different between the group of patients with active vs inactive disease state according to appropriate clinical, laboratory and endoscopic scores in CD as well as in UC patients. All subtypes of anti-β2-GPI and ACA IgM status were found to be very stable over time, in contrast ACA IgG and even more ACA IgA status showed significant intraindividual changes.Changes in antibody status were more remarkable in CD than UC(ACA IgA: 49.9% vs 23.3% and ACA IgG:21.2% vs 5.8%). Interestingly, 59.1% and 30.1% of CD patients who received anti-TNF therapy showed significant negative to positive changes in ACA IgA and IgG antibody status respectively. APLA status was not associated with the clinical phenotype at diagnosis or during follow-up, medical therapy, or thrombotic events and it was not associated with the probability of developing complicated disease phenotype or surgery in a Kaplan-Meier analysis.CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated enhanced formation of APLAs in CD patients. However,presence of different APLAs were not associated with the clinical phenotype or disease course.
文摘AIM: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-nuclear associated anti-neutrophil antibodies (NANA) and antibodies to exocrine pancreas (PAB), are serological tools for discriminating Crohn’s disease (CrD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Like CrD, coeliac disease (CoD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated with (auto) antibodies. Performing a multicenter study we primarily aimed to determine the performance of ASCA, NANA and PAB tests for IBD diagnosis in children and adults, and secondarily to evaluate the prevalence of these markers in CoD. METHODS: Sera of 109 patients with CrD, 78 with UC, 45 with CoD and 50 healthy blood donors were retrospectively included. ASCA, NANA and PAB were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). RESULTS: ASCA+/NANA- profile displayed a positive predictive value of 94.2% for CrD. Detection of ASCA was correlated with a more severe clinical profile of CrD and treatment of the disease did not influence their serum levels. ASCA positivity was found in 37.9% of active CoD.PAB were found in 36.7% CrD and 13.3% CoD patients and were not correlated with clinical features of CrD, except with an early onset of the disease. Fifteen CrD patients were ASCA negative and PAB positive. CONCLUSION: ASCA and PAB detected by IIF are specific markers for CrD although their presence does not rule out a possible active CoD. The combination of ASCA, NANA and PAB tests improves the sensitivity of immunological markers for CrD. Repeating ASCA, NANA, and PAB testing during the course of CrD has no clinical value.
文摘The complete genomic sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Chinese strain OH/CHA/99 was determined. The 8040 nt sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence werecompared with FMDV sequences published. The results showed that OH/CHA/99 shared highersequence homology with OTYTW/97, indicating their close genetic relationship. However,the strain had lower sequence identity with O1/Kaufbeuren/66 strain. Besides, largedeletions in 3A coding region were observed in OH/CHA/99. It was shown that the poly (A)tail of OH/CHA/99 had 56 As at least.
基金The institutional review board of National Cheng Kung University Hospital approved this study(No.B-ER-105-108).
文摘Seronegative spondyloarthropathy(SpA)usually starts in the third decade of life with negative rheumatoid factor,human leukocyte antigen-B27 genetic marker and clinical features of spinal and peripheral arthritis,dactylitis,enthesitis and extra-articular manifestations(EAMs).Cases can be classified as ankylosing spondylitis,psoriatic arthritis,reactive arthritis,enteropathic arthritis,or juvenileonset spondyloarthritis.Joint and gut inflammation is intricately linked in SpA and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),with shared genetic and immunopathogenic mechanisms.IBD is a common EAM in SpA patients,while extraintestinal manifestations in IBD patients mostly affect the joints.Although individual protocols are available for the management of each disease,the standard therapeutic guidelines of SpA-associated IBD patients remain to be established.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended as initial therapy of peripheral and axial SpA,whereas their use is controversial in IBD due to associated disease flares.Conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are beneficial for peripheral arthritis but ineffective for axial SpA or IBD therapy.Anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies are effective medications with indicated use in SpA and IBD,and a drug of choice for treating SpA-associated IBD.Janus kinase inhibitors,approved for treating SpA and ulcerative colitis,are promising therapeutics in SpA coexistent with ulcerative colitis.A tight collaboration between gastroenterologists and rheumatologists with mutual referral from early accurate diagnosis to appropriately prompt therapy is required in this complex clinical scenario.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic intestinal inflammation of unknown etiology. The diagnosis of IBD is based on endoscopic, radiologic and histopathologic criteria. Recently, the search for a noninvasive marker that could augment or replace part of this diagnostic process has become a focus of IBD research. In this review, antibody markers, including microbial antibodies, autoantibodies and peptide antibodies, will be described, focusing on their common features. At present, no single marker with qualities that are satisfactory for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD has been identified, although panels of some antibodies are being evaluated with keen interest. The discovery of novel IBD-specific and sensitive markers is anticipated. Such markers could minimize the use of endoscopic and radiologic examinations and could enable clinicians to implement individualized treatment plans designed to improve the long-term prognosis of patients with IBD.
文摘BACKGROUND The healthcare burden of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is rising globally and there are limited non-invasive biomarkers for accurate and early diagnosis.AIM To understand the important role that intestinal microbiota play in IBD pathogenesis and identify anti-microbial antibody signatures that benefit clinical management of IBD patients.METHODS We performed serological profiling of 100 Crohn’s disease(CD)patients,100 ulcerative colitis(UC)patients and 100 healthy controls against 1173 bacterial and 397 viral proteins from 50 bacteria and 33 viruses on protein microarrays.The study subjects were randomly divided into discovery(n=150)and validation(n=150)sets.Statistical analysis was performed using R packages.RESULTS Anti-bacterial antibody responses showed greater differential prevalence among the three subject groups than anti-viral antibody responses.We identified novel antibodies against the antigens of Bacteroidetes vulgatus(BVU_0562)and Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP_1992)showing higher prevalence in CD patients relative to healthy controls.We also identified antibodies against the antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes(SPy_2009)showing higher prevalence in healthy controls relative to UC patients.Using these novel antibodies,we built biomarker panels with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.81,0.87,and 0.82 distinguishing CD vs control,UC vs control,and CD vs UC,respectively.Subgroup analysis revealed that penetrating CD behavior,colonic CD location,CD patients with a history of surgery,and extensive UC exhibited highest antibody prevalence among all patients.We demonstrated that autoantibodies and anti-microbial antibodies in CD patients had minimal correlation.CONCLUSION We have identified antibody signatures for CD and UC using a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial antibody response in IBD.These antibodies and the source microorganisms of their target antigens improve our understanding of the role of specific microorganisms in IBD pathogenesis and,after future validation,should aid early and accurate diagnosis of IBD.
文摘Background: Differentiating Graves hyperthyroidism from the other causes of hyperthyroidism, using serum TRAb testing is essential step for diagnosis. Objectives: To study importance of TRAb in the diagnosis of Graves’ disease, distinguishing it from thyroiditis, and comparing it with clinical features and other tests such as TPOAb, US thyroid and thyroid scintiscan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients attending endocrine clinicErbil city. Patients were studied on clinical feature basis and investigated with serum TRAb, TPOAb, TSH, Free T4, and Ultrasound examination of thyroid gland. Fisher exact test and Chi Square test of independence, Correlation coefficient and t-test of independence were used. Results: Fifty-two patients were found to have Graves’ disease;There was significant correlation between TRAb positivity and diagnosis of Graves’ disease p 0.05. Conclusion: A positive correlation was found between TRAb titer and positivity and no significant relation between TPOAb levels between Graves’ disease patients compared with thyroiditis patients, respectively.
文摘Objective To assess whether there was strong association between antiphospholipid antibodies and coronary heart disease, to study the environmental factors of APA production and APA pathogenic mechanism in patients with CHD.Methods Blood samples from 76 patients with CHD and 30 controls were tested for anticardiolipin antibodies IgG,human cytomegalovirus IgG,IgM by enzyme link immunosorbant assay and 6 keto PGF 1a ,endothelin by radioimmunoassay.Results A total of 27 patients were ACA positive in 76, as compared to 2 of 30 healthy individuals, P <0.05. There was no difference in ACA among acute myocardial infarction, old myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, P >0.05. The number of ACA positive subjects was higher in HCMV infection patients with CHD than no HCMV infectious patients with CHD. There was no PGI 2 and ET level difference between ACA IgG positive and negative CHD.Conclusion There are strong association between APA and CHD. The HCMV infection may be an environmental factor of APA production in CHD patients with raised ACA. The alteration of PGI 2 and ET are not the pathogenic mechanism of ACA in patients with CHD.