In this investigation, maize heterotic groups and patterns were analyzed based on theplanting areas from 1992 to 2001 using 84 parent lines of 71 widely extended hybrids andclassification results by SSR markers, in wh...In this investigation, maize heterotic groups and patterns were analyzed based on theplanting areas from 1992 to 2001 using 84 parent lines of 71 widely extended hybrids andclassification results by SSR markers, in which these lines were assigned into sevenheterotic groups based on Ni-LIs genetic distances. The results indicated that acertain extent change for major heterotic groups of maize took place during past decadein China. The major heterotic groups were Lancaster, Reid, Tang SPT, Zi330 and E28 in theearly 1990s, while they became Reid, Tem-tropicⅠ, Zi330, Tang SPT and Lancaster in theearly 21st century. Tem-tropicⅠwas a new heterotic group, which contained tropic maizegermplasm. The changes for heterotic patterns also occurred. Some new heterotic patternscombining with Tem-tropicⅠappeared, such as ReidTem-tropicⅠ, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠ,Tang SPTTem-tropicⅠ, etc.. Another change was the order of heterotic patterns. In theearly and middle 1990s, the top five heterotic patterns were ReidTang SPT, Zi330Lancaster, LancasterTang SPT, LancasterE28 and ReidZi330, while they became ReidTem-tropicⅠ, ReidZi330, ReidTang SPT, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠand LancasterTang SPT inthe early 21 century. ReidTem-tropicⅠand Zi330Tem-tropicⅠwere laid on the firstand forth Chinese heterotic patterns respectively in 2001. These results providedsignificant information to understand the maize heterotic groups and patterns in Chinaat molecular level.展开更多
Understanding the heterosis in multiple environments between different heterotic groups is of fundamental importance in successful maize breeding. A total of 737 hybrids derived from 41 maize inbreds were evaluated ov...Understanding the heterosis in multiple environments between different heterotic groups is of fundamental importance in successful maize breeding. A total of 737 hybrids derived from 41 maize inbreds were evaluated over two years, with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity and their performance between heterotic groups under drought-stressed(DS) and well-watered(WW) treatments. A total of 38 737 SNPs were employed to assess the genetic diversity. The genetic distance(GD) between the parents ranged from 0.05 to 0.74, and the 41 inbreds were classified into five heterotic groups. According to the hybrid performance(high yield and early maturity between heterotic groups), the heterosis and heterotic patterns of Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic(BSSS)×Non-Stiff Stalk(NSS), NSS×Sipingtou(SPT) and BSSS×SPT were identified to be useful options in China’s maize breeding. The relative importance of general and specific combining abilities(GCA and SCA) suggests the importance of the additive genetic effects for grain yield traits under the WW treatment, but the non-additive effects under the DS treatment. At least one of the parental lines with drought tolerance and a high GCA effect would be required to achieve the ideal hybrid performance under drought conditions. GD showed a positive correlation with yield and yield heterosis in within-group hybrids over a certain range of GD. The present investigation suggests that the heterosis is due to the combined accumulation of superior genes/alleles in parents and the optimal genetic distance between parents, and that yield heterosis under DS treatment was mainly determined by the non-additive effects.展开更多
杂种优势群的划分对于拓宽亲本间遗传基础、提高育种效率,培育突破性新品种具有重要的指导作用。本研究利用全基因组重测序技术对55份春播早熟区40余年生产中主推杂交种亲本系进行全基因组扫描,分析其群体结构,估算遗传距离,划分杂种优...杂种优势群的划分对于拓宽亲本间遗传基础、提高育种效率,培育突破性新品种具有重要的指导作用。本研究利用全基因组重测序技术对55份春播早熟区40余年生产中主推杂交种亲本系进行全基因组扫描,分析其群体结构,估算遗传距离,划分杂种优势群,分析主推杂交种的杂种优势模式。结果表明,利用全基因组5×测序,过滤到1,304,623个高质量SNP标记用于群体结构分析和杂种优势类群划分。55份高粱亲本系平均遗传距离为0.704,变幅0.627~0.927。多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)平均为0.2935,变幅为0.1~0.5。群体结构和主成分分析将55份亲本系划分为4个杂种优势群:都拉群(Durra,D群)、卡佛尔/都拉群(Kafir/Durra,KD群)、俄罗斯/卡佛尔群(Russia/Kafir,RK群)、中国高粱群(Kaoliang,K群)。25个主推杂交种中76%的杂交种杂种优势模式为Kafir/Durra×Kaoliang模式,主推高粱杂交种的不育系主要来源于引自国外的Kafir和Durra群,恢复系多来源于我国自产的Kaoliang群。本研究的群体结构分析及其划分的杂种优势群阐明了春播早熟区高粱亲本系的遗传基础,为亲本系改良和杂种优势模式创新研究提供科学依据。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Project(2001CB108801)Modern Agricultural Project in National 863 Pragram,China.
文摘In this investigation, maize heterotic groups and patterns were analyzed based on theplanting areas from 1992 to 2001 using 84 parent lines of 71 widely extended hybrids andclassification results by SSR markers, in which these lines were assigned into sevenheterotic groups based on Ni-LIs genetic distances. The results indicated that acertain extent change for major heterotic groups of maize took place during past decadein China. The major heterotic groups were Lancaster, Reid, Tang SPT, Zi330 and E28 in theearly 1990s, while they became Reid, Tem-tropicⅠ, Zi330, Tang SPT and Lancaster in theearly 21st century. Tem-tropicⅠwas a new heterotic group, which contained tropic maizegermplasm. The changes for heterotic patterns also occurred. Some new heterotic patternscombining with Tem-tropicⅠappeared, such as ReidTem-tropicⅠ, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠ,Tang SPTTem-tropicⅠ, etc.. Another change was the order of heterotic patterns. In theearly and middle 1990s, the top five heterotic patterns were ReidTang SPT, Zi330Lancaster, LancasterTang SPT, LancasterE28 and ReidZi330, while they became ReidTem-tropicⅠ, ReidZi330, ReidTang SPT, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠand LancasterTang SPT inthe early 21 century. ReidTem-tropicⅠand Zi330Tem-tropicⅠwere laid on the firstand forth Chinese heterotic patterns respectively in 2001. These results providedsignificant information to understand the maize heterotic groups and patterns in Chinaat molecular level.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760424)the Scientific and Technological Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of China(2019AB021)。
文摘Understanding the heterosis in multiple environments between different heterotic groups is of fundamental importance in successful maize breeding. A total of 737 hybrids derived from 41 maize inbreds were evaluated over two years, with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity and their performance between heterotic groups under drought-stressed(DS) and well-watered(WW) treatments. A total of 38 737 SNPs were employed to assess the genetic diversity. The genetic distance(GD) between the parents ranged from 0.05 to 0.74, and the 41 inbreds were classified into five heterotic groups. According to the hybrid performance(high yield and early maturity between heterotic groups), the heterosis and heterotic patterns of Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic(BSSS)×Non-Stiff Stalk(NSS), NSS×Sipingtou(SPT) and BSSS×SPT were identified to be useful options in China’s maize breeding. The relative importance of general and specific combining abilities(GCA and SCA) suggests the importance of the additive genetic effects for grain yield traits under the WW treatment, but the non-additive effects under the DS treatment. At least one of the parental lines with drought tolerance and a high GCA effect would be required to achieve the ideal hybrid performance under drought conditions. GD showed a positive correlation with yield and yield heterosis in within-group hybrids over a certain range of GD. The present investigation suggests that the heterosis is due to the combined accumulation of superior genes/alleles in parents and the optimal genetic distance between parents, and that yield heterosis under DS treatment was mainly determined by the non-additive effects.
文摘杂种优势群的划分对于拓宽亲本间遗传基础、提高育种效率,培育突破性新品种具有重要的指导作用。本研究利用全基因组重测序技术对55份春播早熟区40余年生产中主推杂交种亲本系进行全基因组扫描,分析其群体结构,估算遗传距离,划分杂种优势群,分析主推杂交种的杂种优势模式。结果表明,利用全基因组5×测序,过滤到1,304,623个高质量SNP标记用于群体结构分析和杂种优势类群划分。55份高粱亲本系平均遗传距离为0.704,变幅0.627~0.927。多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)平均为0.2935,变幅为0.1~0.5。群体结构和主成分分析将55份亲本系划分为4个杂种优势群:都拉群(Durra,D群)、卡佛尔/都拉群(Kafir/Durra,KD群)、俄罗斯/卡佛尔群(Russia/Kafir,RK群)、中国高粱群(Kaoliang,K群)。25个主推杂交种中76%的杂交种杂种优势模式为Kafir/Durra×Kaoliang模式,主推高粱杂交种的不育系主要来源于引自国外的Kafir和Durra群,恢复系多来源于我国自产的Kaoliang群。本研究的群体结构分析及其划分的杂种优势群阐明了春播早熟区高粱亲本系的遗传基础,为亲本系改良和杂种优势模式创新研究提供科学依据。
