Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information o...Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6<sup>th</sup> December 2020 to 6<sup>th</sup> December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.展开更多
Rural marriage has characteristics such as close relationship with labor production,deep integration of traditional culture,shy and introverted expression of subjective emotions,and illegal and rough marriage.The civi...Rural marriage has characteristics such as close relationship with labor production,deep integration of traditional culture,shy and introverted expression of subjective emotions,and illegal and rough marriage.The civilization evolution of rural marriage forms is moving towards a path that is conducive to the development of production and the pursuit of happiness for farmers,the construction of rural spiritual civilization,and the comprehensive development of rural society.This study analyzes the direction of the evolution of rural marriage form civilization,predicts the trend of rural marriage form civilization evolution,and proposes the future path of rural marriage form civilization evolution,including adhering to human’s most original value expectations of marriage life,drawing nourishment from excellent traditional Chinese culture,and continuously adjusting marriage and family policy tools to keep up with changes in the world of life.展开更多
In this paper,we present some vanishing theorems for p-harmonic forms on-super stable complete submanifold M immersed in sphere Sn+m.When 2≤1≤n-2,M has a flat normal bundle.Assuming that M is a minimal submanifold ...In this paper,we present some vanishing theorems for p-harmonic forms on-super stable complete submanifold M immersed in sphere Sn+m.When 2≤1≤n-2,M has a flat normal bundle.Assuming that M is a minimal submanifold andδ>1(n-1)p2/4n[p-1+(p-1)2kp],we prove a vanishing theorem for p-harmonicℓ-forms.展开更多
Background: The inadequacy in the completeness of the Laboratory Request Form (LRF) has been reported as one of the major sources of errors during the pre-analytical step of laboratory analysis. To prevent the occurre...Background: The inadequacy in the completeness of the Laboratory Request Form (LRF) has been reported as one of the major sources of errors during the pre-analytical step of laboratory analysis. To prevent the occurrence of such errors, this study aimed at assessing the level of completeness of LRFs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of laboratory request forms was conducted at the Clinical Biology Laboratory of the Kinshasa University Clinic, DR Congo, between November 2021 to May 2022. The LRFs were evaluated according to the completeness of all sections including administrative data of the patient, data of physician who ordered the test, relevant patient’s clinical data and data of the biological sample. Results: From a total of 2842 LRFs evaluated, none was fully completed with all required information. Particularly, patient’s clinical data including the medical history, provisional diagnosis and current treatment, were the most absent in 99% LRFs. However, two sections related to patient’s ID and prescribed test were informed in 100% LRFs. Conclusion: The results of this preanalytical audit can serve as an improvement opportunity focused on strengthening awareness about complete filling of LRF.展开更多
In the past,scholars have divided the history of Chinese papermaking into different stages based on the development of ancient papermaking technology,emphasizing the development and progress of papermaking in differen...In the past,scholars have divided the history of Chinese papermaking into different stages based on the development of ancient papermaking technology,emphasizing the development and progress of papermaking in different historical periods but paying less attention to the changes in the form of paper.Here,the stages are defined based on changes in use and function rather than technological developments.When this approach is combined with the history of printing,books,calligraphy,and painting,the history of Chinese papermaking can be divided into the writing paper,writing and printing paper,printing paper,and calligraphy and painting paper periods.Different periods of paper have significant differences in texture,form,and performance owing to their different applications.This significant difference provides a reference for the identification of ancient papers and reveals the internal connection between the history of printing,books,calligraphy,painting,and papermaking.展开更多
Although Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.is a renowned medicine food homology plant,reports of excessive cadmium(Cd)levels are common,which affects its safety for clinical use and food consumption.To enable its Cd ...Although Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.is a renowned medicine food homology plant,reports of excessive cadmium(Cd)levels are common,which affects its safety for clinical use and food consumption.To enable its Cd levels to be regulated or reduced,it is necessary to first elucidate the mechanism of Cd uptake and accumulation in the plant,in addition to its detoxification mechanisms.This present study used inductively couple plasma-mass-spectrometry to analyze the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in different tissues of P.grandiflorum.The experimental results showed that Cd was mainly accumulated in the roots[predominantly in the cell wall(50.96%-61.42%)],and it was found primarily in hypomobile and hypotoxic forms.The proportion of Cd in the soluble fraction increased after Cd exposure,and the proportion of insoluble phosphate Cd and oxalate Cd increased in roots and leaves,with a higher increase in oxalate Cd.Therefore,it is likely that root retention mechanisms,cell wall deposition,vacuole sequestration,and the formation of low mobility and low toxicity forms are tolerance strategies for Cd detoxification used by P.grandiflorum.The results of this study provide a theoretical grounding for the study of Cd accumulation and detoxification mechanisms in P.grandiflorum,and they can be used as a reference for developing Cd limits and standards for other medicine food homology plants.展开更多
This paper aims to investigate the impact of special and alternative forms of tourism on the sustainable development of tourism destinations,revising the traditional position of tourism development and establishing su...This paper aims to investigate the impact of special and alternative forms of tourism on the sustainable development of tourism destinations,revising the traditional position of tourism development and establishing sustainable development as the only solution to tourism progress of travel destinations.The study includes conceptual approaches to the term tourism,sustainable development and specific and alternative forms of tourism and delves into theoretical approaches that are the bridging of these three central research questions.This is followed by in-depth research through policy analysis of central institutions and regional development stakeholders,as well as further analysis of sustainable development through special and alternative forms of tourism.Key tourism models and theories offer a further understanding of the natural“enemies”and“allies”of sustainable development and how they contribute to its necessity or development.Through a survey and a case study of travel destinations,we conclude the need to couple the term tourism development with sustainable development which is rooted in the healthy coexistence of residents and visitors with respect to the environment,local culture and productive-controlled economic growth.展开更多
Objective:To predict and analyze the potential Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription,and the pharmacokinetic properties of pulvis and pills in vivo were studied,which provided a basis for the rational evaluatio...Objective:To predict and analyze the potential Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription,and the pharmacokinetic properties of pulvis and pills in vivo were studied,which provided a basis for the rational evaluation of the phenomenon of“Different Dosage Forms of the Same Prescription”.Methods and Material:Q-markers analysis of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription based on the“Five Principles”(traceability and transmissibility,specificity,effectiveness,prescription compatibility and testability).The content determination method of Q-markers in Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription was established by UPLC,and the content difference of Q-markers in the two dosage forms ware determined and compared.The Q-markers in rabbit plasma was determined by LC-MS/MS method,and the pharmacokinetic parameters of Q-markers in pulvis and pills were analyzed.Results:A total of 16 potential Q-markers from the“Five Principles”were used,nine components of tetramethylprazine,ferulic acid,glycyrrhizin,glycyrrhizic acid,luteolin,cimicifugoside,senkyunolideⅠ,isoimperatorin,nodakenin were identified as Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Presciption.The content of tetramethylprazine and other components in the pulvis form was found to be significantly higher than that in the pills,while the content of senkyunolideⅠwas lower than that in the pills,which may be related to the preparation process of the dosage form and the physicochemical properties of the components.Compared with pulvis,the Tmax and t_(1/2)of ferulic acid and other components in pills were significantly prolonged.To a certain extent,it can explain the classical theory of traditional Chinese medicine“Components in pulvis release quickly and take effect in fast-acting manner,while in pills release slowly and take effect in slow-acting”.Meanwhile,the Cmax and AUC0-t of tetramethylprazine and other components in pills were higher than those in pulvis,which showed unexpected pharmacokinetic characteristics,indicating the complexity of compounding and the importance of dosage form design.Conclusions:A method for the determination of Q-markers content was established by UPLC,which provide reference for the quality control of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription.In vivo studies have found the pharmacokinetic parameters indicate the absorption and distribution characteristics of pulvis and pills.However,it is also found that the release behavior of different components not only affected by the dosage form but also closely related to their own physical and chemical properties.展开更多
Here, we determine formulae, for the numbers of representations of a positive integer by certain sextenary quadratic forms whose coefficients are 1, 2, 3 and 6.
<strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the type of stress distribution pattern occurring with anatomic and non-anatomic tooth forms beneath a complete denture in both maxillary and mandibular arch. <strong>...<strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the type of stress distribution pattern occurring with anatomic and non-anatomic tooth forms beneath a complete denture in both maxillary and mandibular arch. <strong>Methodology: </strong>A photoelastic model of the edentulous maxillary and mandibular ridge was prepared meticulously to simulate the human mandible and maxilla. Two sets of acrylic teeth with anatomic and non-anatomic occlusal forms were used to fabricate upper and lower dentures. A vertical static load of 100 N was applied through the mandibular model to the maxillary model. After load application on the dentures the photoelastic model as well as the upper and lower complete dentures were sectioned in the midline. The sectioned photoelastic model was viewed through a polariscope to observe the fringe pattern indicating varying amounts of stress distribution. In this study, a two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis technique was utilized. <strong>Results:</strong> Force per unit area was observed more in anatomic teeth than the non-anatomic counterpart. Hence anatomic tooth forms may increase the possibility of bone resorption rate over a period of time. However, in non-anatomic lower teeth, a decrease in value was observed from posterior to anterior region. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stress of greater magnitude was observed with cuspal teeth whereas non-anatomic (0<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>) showed slightly less magnitude of stress. Depending upon the clinical situation the clinician needs to choose the type of occlusal tooth forms for edentulous patients.展开更多
文摘Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6<sup>th</sup> December 2020 to 6<sup>th</sup> December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.
文摘Rural marriage has characteristics such as close relationship with labor production,deep integration of traditional culture,shy and introverted expression of subjective emotions,and illegal and rough marriage.The civilization evolution of rural marriage forms is moving towards a path that is conducive to the development of production and the pursuit of happiness for farmers,the construction of rural spiritual civilization,and the comprehensive development of rural society.This study analyzes the direction of the evolution of rural marriage form civilization,predicts the trend of rural marriage form civilization evolution,and proposes the future path of rural marriage form civilization evolution,including adhering to human’s most original value expectations of marriage life,drawing nourishment from excellent traditional Chinese culture,and continuously adjusting marriage and family policy tools to keep up with changes in the world of life.
文摘In this paper,we present some vanishing theorems for p-harmonic forms on-super stable complete submanifold M immersed in sphere Sn+m.When 2≤1≤n-2,M has a flat normal bundle.Assuming that M is a minimal submanifold andδ>1(n-1)p2/4n[p-1+(p-1)2kp],we prove a vanishing theorem for p-harmonicℓ-forms.
文摘Background: The inadequacy in the completeness of the Laboratory Request Form (LRF) has been reported as one of the major sources of errors during the pre-analytical step of laboratory analysis. To prevent the occurrence of such errors, this study aimed at assessing the level of completeness of LRFs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of laboratory request forms was conducted at the Clinical Biology Laboratory of the Kinshasa University Clinic, DR Congo, between November 2021 to May 2022. The LRFs were evaluated according to the completeness of all sections including administrative data of the patient, data of physician who ordered the test, relevant patient’s clinical data and data of the biological sample. Results: From a total of 2842 LRFs evaluated, none was fully completed with all required information. Particularly, patient’s clinical data including the medical history, provisional diagnosis and current treatment, were the most absent in 99% LRFs. However, two sections related to patient’s ID and prescribed test were informed in 100% LRFs. Conclusion: The results of this preanalytical audit can serve as an improvement opportunity focused on strengthening awareness about complete filling of LRF.
文摘In the past,scholars have divided the history of Chinese papermaking into different stages based on the development of ancient papermaking technology,emphasizing the development and progress of papermaking in different historical periods but paying less attention to the changes in the form of paper.Here,the stages are defined based on changes in use and function rather than technological developments.When this approach is combined with the history of printing,books,calligraphy,and painting,the history of Chinese papermaking can be divided into the writing paper,writing and printing paper,printing paper,and calligraphy and painting paper periods.Different periods of paper have significant differences in texture,form,and performance owing to their different applications.This significant difference provides a reference for the identification of ancient papers and reveals the internal connection between the history of printing,books,calligraphy,painting,and papermaking.
基金This work was supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.2019ZD005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81903751)+1 种基金by the Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Science and Technology Department(No.2019JQ-877)by the Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2019-ZZ-ZY018).
文摘Although Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.is a renowned medicine food homology plant,reports of excessive cadmium(Cd)levels are common,which affects its safety for clinical use and food consumption.To enable its Cd levels to be regulated or reduced,it is necessary to first elucidate the mechanism of Cd uptake and accumulation in the plant,in addition to its detoxification mechanisms.This present study used inductively couple plasma-mass-spectrometry to analyze the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in different tissues of P.grandiflorum.The experimental results showed that Cd was mainly accumulated in the roots[predominantly in the cell wall(50.96%-61.42%)],and it was found primarily in hypomobile and hypotoxic forms.The proportion of Cd in the soluble fraction increased after Cd exposure,and the proportion of insoluble phosphate Cd and oxalate Cd increased in roots and leaves,with a higher increase in oxalate Cd.Therefore,it is likely that root retention mechanisms,cell wall deposition,vacuole sequestration,and the formation of low mobility and low toxicity forms are tolerance strategies for Cd detoxification used by P.grandiflorum.The results of this study provide a theoretical grounding for the study of Cd accumulation and detoxification mechanisms in P.grandiflorum,and they can be used as a reference for developing Cd limits and standards for other medicine food homology plants.
文摘This paper aims to investigate the impact of special and alternative forms of tourism on the sustainable development of tourism destinations,revising the traditional position of tourism development and establishing sustainable development as the only solution to tourism progress of travel destinations.The study includes conceptual approaches to the term tourism,sustainable development and specific and alternative forms of tourism and delves into theoretical approaches that are the bridging of these three central research questions.This is followed by in-depth research through policy analysis of central institutions and regional development stakeholders,as well as further analysis of sustainable development through special and alternative forms of tourism.Key tourism models and theories offer a further understanding of the natural“enemies”and“allies”of sustainable development and how they contribute to its necessity or development.Through a survey and a case study of travel destinations,we conclude the need to couple the term tourism development with sustainable development which is rooted in the healthy coexistence of residents and visitors with respect to the environment,local culture and productive-controlled economic growth.
基金supported by Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Key Discipline of Shaanxi province(No.303061107)National key Research and Development plan(No.2018-YFC1706904)+1 种基金Discipline Innovation team Project of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine(No.2019-YL11)Shaanxi Province Key subject of pharmacy engineering of Shaanxi Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine administration(No.2017001).
文摘Objective:To predict and analyze the potential Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription,and the pharmacokinetic properties of pulvis and pills in vivo were studied,which provided a basis for the rational evaluation of the phenomenon of“Different Dosage Forms of the Same Prescription”.Methods and Material:Q-markers analysis of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription based on the“Five Principles”(traceability and transmissibility,specificity,effectiveness,prescription compatibility and testability).The content determination method of Q-markers in Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription was established by UPLC,and the content difference of Q-markers in the two dosage forms ware determined and compared.The Q-markers in rabbit plasma was determined by LC-MS/MS method,and the pharmacokinetic parameters of Q-markers in pulvis and pills were analyzed.Results:A total of 16 potential Q-markers from the“Five Principles”were used,nine components of tetramethylprazine,ferulic acid,glycyrrhizin,glycyrrhizic acid,luteolin,cimicifugoside,senkyunolideⅠ,isoimperatorin,nodakenin were identified as Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Presciption.The content of tetramethylprazine and other components in the pulvis form was found to be significantly higher than that in the pills,while the content of senkyunolideⅠwas lower than that in the pills,which may be related to the preparation process of the dosage form and the physicochemical properties of the components.Compared with pulvis,the Tmax and t_(1/2)of ferulic acid and other components in pills were significantly prolonged.To a certain extent,it can explain the classical theory of traditional Chinese medicine“Components in pulvis release quickly and take effect in fast-acting manner,while in pills release slowly and take effect in slow-acting”.Meanwhile,the Cmax and AUC0-t of tetramethylprazine and other components in pills were higher than those in pulvis,which showed unexpected pharmacokinetic characteristics,indicating the complexity of compounding and the importance of dosage form design.Conclusions:A method for the determination of Q-markers content was established by UPLC,which provide reference for the quality control of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription.In vivo studies have found the pharmacokinetic parameters indicate the absorption and distribution characteristics of pulvis and pills.However,it is also found that the release behavior of different components not only affected by the dosage form but also closely related to their own physical and chemical properties.
文摘Here, we determine formulae, for the numbers of representations of a positive integer by certain sextenary quadratic forms whose coefficients are 1, 2, 3 and 6.
文摘<strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the type of stress distribution pattern occurring with anatomic and non-anatomic tooth forms beneath a complete denture in both maxillary and mandibular arch. <strong>Methodology: </strong>A photoelastic model of the edentulous maxillary and mandibular ridge was prepared meticulously to simulate the human mandible and maxilla. Two sets of acrylic teeth with anatomic and non-anatomic occlusal forms were used to fabricate upper and lower dentures. A vertical static load of 100 N was applied through the mandibular model to the maxillary model. After load application on the dentures the photoelastic model as well as the upper and lower complete dentures were sectioned in the midline. The sectioned photoelastic model was viewed through a polariscope to observe the fringe pattern indicating varying amounts of stress distribution. In this study, a two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis technique was utilized. <strong>Results:</strong> Force per unit area was observed more in anatomic teeth than the non-anatomic counterpart. Hence anatomic tooth forms may increase the possibility of bone resorption rate over a period of time. However, in non-anatomic lower teeth, a decrease in value was observed from posterior to anterior region. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stress of greater magnitude was observed with cuspal teeth whereas non-anatomic (0<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>) showed slightly less magnitude of stress. Depending upon the clinical situation the clinician needs to choose the type of occlusal tooth forms for edentulous patients.
