Membrane separation, a new technology for removing VOCs including pervaporation, vapor permeation, membrane contactor, and membrane bioreactor was presented. Comparing with traditional techniques, these special techni...Membrane separation, a new technology for removing VOCs including pervaporation, vapor permeation, membrane contactor, and membrane bioreactor was presented. Comparing with traditional techniques, these special techniques are an efficient and energy saving technology. Vapor permeation can be applied to recovery of organic solvents from exhaust streams. Membrane contactor could be used for removing or recovering VOCs from air or wastewater. Pervaporation and vapor permeation are viable methods for removing VOCs from wastewater to yield a VOC concentrate which could either be destroyed by conventional means, or be recycled for reuse.展开更多
BACKGROUND There are few reports of a fractured esophageal self-expanding metallic stent(SEMS)and the lasso retrieval technique,forming a guidewire loop by directing the guidewire back up the external stent for retrie...BACKGROUND There are few reports of a fractured esophageal self-expanding metallic stent(SEMS)and the lasso retrieval technique,forming a guidewire loop by directing the guidewire back up the external stent for retrieval.CASE SUMMARY A 74-year-old man complained of dysphagia approximately 6 mo after radical resection of esophageal cancer.Benign anastomotic stenosis was diagnosed,and a 20 mm in diameter and 60 mm in length esophageal covered SEMS was inserted after repeated balloon dilatation.About 13.5 mo after stenting,dysphagia recurred and esophagography showed severe stenosis above the proximal stent and stent removal was performed.One-third of the stent was removed and the fractured stent remained in the proximal esophagus.A suction tube was introduced through the guidewire and then the guidewire was grabbed,acting like a“lasso”on tightening.The remaining fractured stent was successfully removed by slowly pulling back the guidewire,with no fragments of stent wires retained.CONCLUSION The guidewire lasso technique is a simple,effective method of removing esophageal SEMS in rare cases of stent fracture.展开更多
BACKGROUND The majority of published reports on foreign bodies(FBs)involve the rectum and applied a transanal retrieval.Usually,patients with FB above the rectum are subjected to laparotomy for removal.Here,we illustr...BACKGROUND The majority of published reports on foreign bodies(FBs)involve the rectum and applied a transanal retrieval.Usually,patients with FB above the rectum are subjected to laparotomy for removal.Here,we illustrate the case of a man with an FB that had migrated into the descending colon,and its successful removal via a laparoscopic approach.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old man,who had the habit of FB insertion into his anus to aid defe-cation,presented upon experience of such an FB slipping through and migrating upward to the distal colon.Plain abdominal radiograph revealed a bottle-shaped FB,positioned in the left iliac fossa region.The FB was successfully removed via a laparoscopic-assisted procedure in which we combined diagnostic laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques during surgery.The patient was monitored for 2 d postoperatively and subsequently discharged home.CONCLUSION A minimally invasive approach should be adopted to aid extraction of colorectal FB as it is effective and safe.展开更多
Superfluous arsenic in drinking water can do harm to human health. In this paper, a broad overview of the available technologies for arsenic removal has been presented on the basis of literature survey. The main treat...Superfluous arsenic in drinking water can do harm to human health. In this paper, a broad overview of the available technologies for arsenic removal has been presented on the basis of literature survey. The main treatment methods included coagulation-sedimentation, adsorption separation and ion exchange, membrane technique, which have both advantages and disadvantages. It concluded that the selection of treatment process should be site specific and prevailing conditions and no process can serve the purpose under diverse conditions as each technology has its own limitations. In order to gain good results, some methods should be improved.展开更多
The need for an advanced and even far reaching phosphorus removal at municipal WWTPs may soon get stipulations in relation to a reuse of phosphorus (P). This paper discusses the possible ways to remove phosphorous fro...The need for an advanced and even far reaching phosphorus removal at municipal WWTPs may soon get stipulations in relation to a reuse of phosphorus (P). This paper discusses the possible ways to remove phosphorous from municipal wastewater. This is already an established demand in many countries. However, as P is a limited raw material, this need for a reuse of P will become an example of what now is labelled “cyclic economy”. For instance, a national demand from the German state is already put in force. In this perspective the advanced filtration techniques will play an interesting role, and most possibly a crucial role. Examples are presented from several municipal WWTPs already in operation with a final polishing treatment step based on chemical precipitation and separation of phosphorus. Typical stable discharge P levels are found at these plants at levels < 0.05 to 0.10 ppm. The new demands on phosphorus recovery will also call for modified process concepts for the WWTP;for instance, a refined biological phosphorus removal (EBP) attains more attention and he needed very low discharge levels of P, where the enhanced P-removal will include different smart filtration techniques.展开更多
Brush scrubber cleaning is widely used for post chemical mechanical polishing(CMP)cleaning in semiconductor manufacturing.In this study,an experimental system based on fluorescence technique and particle-tracking velo...Brush scrubber cleaning is widely used for post chemical mechanical polishing(CMP)cleaning in semiconductor manufacturing.In this study,an experimental system based on fluorescence technique and particle-tracking velocimetry(PTV)technique was employed to characterize the particle removal displacement and velocity in the interface between a transparent copper film and a porous polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)brush during the cleaning process.Several different cleaning conditions including rotation speeds,loading pressure and cleaning agent were examined and the particle removal rate was compared.Elastic and friction removal,hydrodynamic removal and mixed-type removal are the three types of particle removal.Particles with an arc trace and uniform velocity curves were removed by friction and elastic force which were related to the brush load.Particles with a random trace and fluctuant velocity curves were removed by hydrodynamic force which was determined by the brush rotation speed.The increase of particle removal rate(PRR)with brush rotation speed is a logistic function.It is easier to improve PRR by increasing the brush load or by adding surfactant than by increasing the brush rotation speed.展开更多
目的 建立活血化瘀类中药注射剂临床使用评价标准。方法 根据《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版)、《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》(2021年版)、《中成药治疗冠心病临床应用指南》(2020版)、《中成药治疗心力衰竭临床...目的 建立活血化瘀类中药注射剂临床使用评价标准。方法 根据《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版)、《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》(2021年版)、《中成药治疗冠心病临床应用指南》(2020版)、《中成药治疗心力衰竭临床应用指南》(2021年版)梳理所有活血化瘀类中药注射剂,根据其药品说明书信息、指南信息和临床使用情况,设立评价指标,运用德尔菲法建立评价标准。收集2022年1月1日至6月30日某院心内科活血化瘀类中药注射剂使用数据,采用评价标准结合优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)进行评价。结果 共纳入21种活血化瘀类中药注射剂适应证,分别从适应证、溶媒、用法用量、辅料和溶剂、配伍使用、特殊人群等方面建立一级、二级评价指标。根据评价结果分析120例心内科使用活血化瘀类中药注射剂患者中,相对接近度(Ci)≥60%的有107例(89.17%),表明某院心内科使用活血化瘀类中药注射剂应用情况基本合理。结论 评价标准的建立有利于提高活血化瘀类中药注射剂使用的合理性,可促进活血化瘀类中药注射剂临床的安全使用。展开更多
基金TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .2 9836 16 0 )
文摘Membrane separation, a new technology for removing VOCs including pervaporation, vapor permeation, membrane contactor, and membrane bioreactor was presented. Comparing with traditional techniques, these special techniques are an efficient and energy saving technology. Vapor permeation can be applied to recovery of organic solvents from exhaust streams. Membrane contactor could be used for removing or recovering VOCs from air or wastewater. Pervaporation and vapor permeation are viable methods for removing VOCs from wastewater to yield a VOC concentrate which could either be destroyed by conventional means, or be recycled for reuse.
文摘BACKGROUND There are few reports of a fractured esophageal self-expanding metallic stent(SEMS)and the lasso retrieval technique,forming a guidewire loop by directing the guidewire back up the external stent for retrieval.CASE SUMMARY A 74-year-old man complained of dysphagia approximately 6 mo after radical resection of esophageal cancer.Benign anastomotic stenosis was diagnosed,and a 20 mm in diameter and 60 mm in length esophageal covered SEMS was inserted after repeated balloon dilatation.About 13.5 mo after stenting,dysphagia recurred and esophagography showed severe stenosis above the proximal stent and stent removal was performed.One-third of the stent was removed and the fractured stent remained in the proximal esophagus.A suction tube was introduced through the guidewire and then the guidewire was grabbed,acting like a“lasso”on tightening.The remaining fractured stent was successfully removed by slowly pulling back the guidewire,with no fragments of stent wires retained.CONCLUSION The guidewire lasso technique is a simple,effective method of removing esophageal SEMS in rare cases of stent fracture.
文摘BACKGROUND The majority of published reports on foreign bodies(FBs)involve the rectum and applied a transanal retrieval.Usually,patients with FB above the rectum are subjected to laparotomy for removal.Here,we illustrate the case of a man with an FB that had migrated into the descending colon,and its successful removal via a laparoscopic approach.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old man,who had the habit of FB insertion into his anus to aid defe-cation,presented upon experience of such an FB slipping through and migrating upward to the distal colon.Plain abdominal radiograph revealed a bottle-shaped FB,positioned in the left iliac fossa region.The FB was successfully removed via a laparoscopic-assisted procedure in which we combined diagnostic laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques during surgery.The patient was monitored for 2 d postoperatively and subsequently discharged home.CONCLUSION A minimally invasive approach should be adopted to aid extraction of colorectal FB as it is effective and safe.
文摘Superfluous arsenic in drinking water can do harm to human health. In this paper, a broad overview of the available technologies for arsenic removal has been presented on the basis of literature survey. The main treatment methods included coagulation-sedimentation, adsorption separation and ion exchange, membrane technique, which have both advantages and disadvantages. It concluded that the selection of treatment process should be site specific and prevailing conditions and no process can serve the purpose under diverse conditions as each technology has its own limitations. In order to gain good results, some methods should be improved.
文摘The need for an advanced and even far reaching phosphorus removal at municipal WWTPs may soon get stipulations in relation to a reuse of phosphorus (P). This paper discusses the possible ways to remove phosphorous from municipal wastewater. This is already an established demand in many countries. However, as P is a limited raw material, this need for a reuse of P will become an example of what now is labelled “cyclic economy”. For instance, a national demand from the German state is already put in force. In this perspective the advanced filtration techniques will play an interesting role, and most possibly a crucial role. Examples are presented from several municipal WWTPs already in operation with a final polishing treatment step based on chemical precipitation and separation of phosphorus. Typical stable discharge P levels are found at these plants at levels < 0.05 to 0.10 ppm. The new demands on phosphorus recovery will also call for modified process concepts for the WWTP;for instance, a refined biological phosphorus removal (EBP) attains more attention and he needed very low discharge levels of P, where the enhanced P-removal will include different smart filtration techniques.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51205006)the Tribology Science Fund of State Key Laboratory of Tribology and the Program for Excellent Talents by the Beijing Ministry of Organization
文摘Brush scrubber cleaning is widely used for post chemical mechanical polishing(CMP)cleaning in semiconductor manufacturing.In this study,an experimental system based on fluorescence technique and particle-tracking velocimetry(PTV)technique was employed to characterize the particle removal displacement and velocity in the interface between a transparent copper film and a porous polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)brush during the cleaning process.Several different cleaning conditions including rotation speeds,loading pressure and cleaning agent were examined and the particle removal rate was compared.Elastic and friction removal,hydrodynamic removal and mixed-type removal are the three types of particle removal.Particles with an arc trace and uniform velocity curves were removed by friction and elastic force which were related to the brush load.Particles with a random trace and fluctuant velocity curves were removed by hydrodynamic force which was determined by the brush rotation speed.The increase of particle removal rate(PRR)with brush rotation speed is a logistic function.It is easier to improve PRR by increasing the brush load or by adding surfactant than by increasing the brush rotation speed.
文摘目的 建立活血化瘀类中药注射剂临床使用评价标准。方法 根据《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版)、《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》(2021年版)、《中成药治疗冠心病临床应用指南》(2020版)、《中成药治疗心力衰竭临床应用指南》(2021年版)梳理所有活血化瘀类中药注射剂,根据其药品说明书信息、指南信息和临床使用情况,设立评价指标,运用德尔菲法建立评价标准。收集2022年1月1日至6月30日某院心内科活血化瘀类中药注射剂使用数据,采用评价标准结合优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)进行评价。结果 共纳入21种活血化瘀类中药注射剂适应证,分别从适应证、溶媒、用法用量、辅料和溶剂、配伍使用、特殊人群等方面建立一级、二级评价指标。根据评价结果分析120例心内科使用活血化瘀类中药注射剂患者中,相对接近度(Ci)≥60%的有107例(89.17%),表明某院心内科使用活血化瘀类中药注射剂应用情况基本合理。结论 评价标准的建立有利于提高活血化瘀类中药注射剂使用的合理性,可促进活血化瘀类中药注射剂临床的安全使用。
