This work contributes to the improvement of energy-saving in air conditioning systems. The objective is to apply the thermal efficiency of heat exchangers for localized determination of the thermal performance of heat...This work contributes to the improvement of energy-saving in air conditioning systems. The objective is to apply the thermal efficiency of heat exchangers for localized determination of the thermal performance of heat exchangers with individually finned heat pipes. The fundamental parameters used for performance analysis were the number of fins per heat pipe, the number of heat pipes, the inlet temperatures, and the flow rates of hot and cold fluids. The heat exchanger under analysis uses Freon 404A as a working fluid in an air conditioning system for cooling in the Evaporator and energy recovery in the Condenser. The theoretical model is localized and applied individually to the Evaporator, Condenser, and heat exchanger regions. The results obtained through the simulation are compared with experimental results that use a global approach for the heat exchanger. The thermal quantities obtained through the theoretical model in the mentioned regions are air velocity, Nusselt number, thermal effectiveness, heat transfer rate, and outlet temperature. The comparisons made with global experimental results are in excellent agreement, demonstrating that the localized theoretical approach developed is consistent and can be used as a comprehensive analysis tool for heat exchangers using heat pipes.展开更多
This work contributes to the improvement of energy-saving in air conditioning systems. The objective is to apply the thermal efficiency of heat exchangers for localized determination of the thermal performance of heat...This work contributes to the improvement of energy-saving in air conditioning systems. The objective is to apply the thermal efficiency of heat exchangers for localized determination of the thermal performance of heat exchangers with individually finned heat pipes. The fundamental parameters used for performance analysis were the number of fins per heat pipe, the number of heat pipes, the inlet temperatures, and the flow rates of hot and cold fluids. The heat exchanger under analysis uses Freon 404A as a working fluid in an air conditioning system for cooling in the Evaporator and energy recovery in the Condenser. The theoretical model is localized and applied individually to the Evaporator, Condenser, and heat exchanger regions. The results obtained through the simulation are compared with experimental results that use a global approach for the heat exchanger. The thermal quantities obtained through the theoretical model in the mentioned regions are air velocity, Nusselt number, thermal effectiveness, heat transfer rate, and outlet temperature. The comparisons made with global experimental results are in excellent agreement, demonstrating that the localized theoretical approach developed is consistent and can be used as a comprehensive analysis tool for heat exchangers using heat pipes.展开更多
The catalytic hydrolysis of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) was investigated over WO_3/SnO_2 solid acid which was prepared by impregnating Sn(OH)_4 with aqueous ammonium metatungstate followed by evaporating, drying ...The catalytic hydrolysis of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) was investigated over WO_3/SnO_2 solid acid which was prepared by impregnating Sn(OH)_4 with aqueous ammonium metatungstate followed by evaporating, drying and calcining in air. The CFC-12 conversion over WO_3/SnO_2 at 330'C remained above 99.5% during 150 h on stream, however, parent metal oxides showed rare catalytic decomposition activity.展开更多
The article analyzes a shell and tube type condenser’s thermal performance using concepts of efficiency and effectiveness. Freon 134a is used as a coolant flowing through the shell. Water or water-based aluminum oxid...The article analyzes a shell and tube type condenser’s thermal performance using concepts of efficiency and effectiveness. Freon 134a is used as a coolant flowing through the shell. Water or water-based aluminum oxide nanoparticles are at relatively low saturation pressure in the tube. The condenser consists of 36 tubes divided into three central regions for analysis: superheated steam, saturated steam, and subcooled liquid. The three regions contain four tubes with three steps each, that is, 12 tubes. Region I, superheated steam, includes three horizontal baffles. Profiles of temperature, efficiency, and effectiveness are presented graphically for the three regions, with fixed refrigerant flow equal to 0.20 kg/s and fluid flow rate in the tube ranging from 0.05 kg/s to 0.40 kg/s. The experimental result for vapor pressure equal to 1.2 MPa and water flow equal to 0.41 kg/s was used as one of the references for the model’s physical compatibility.展开更多
The catalytic decomposition of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) in the presence of water vapor on a series of SO42- -promoted solid acids was investigated. CFC-12 was decomposed completely on SO42-/ZrO2, SO42-/TiO2, S...The catalytic decomposition of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) in the presence of water vapor on a series of SO42- -promoted solid acids was investigated. CFC-12 was decomposed completely on SO42-/ZrO2, SO42-/TiO2, SO42-/SnO2, SO42-/Fe2O3 and SO42-/Al2O3 at 265℃, 270℃, 325℃, 350℃ and 325℃, respectively, and the selectivity to by-products was ne-gleclable. Obvious deactivation was found on SO42-/ZrO2 and SO42-/Al2O3 during several hours on stream, while the catalytic activity was maintained on SO42-/TiO2, SO42-/SnO2 and SO42-/Fe2O3 for 240 h on stream.展开更多
文摘This work contributes to the improvement of energy-saving in air conditioning systems. The objective is to apply the thermal efficiency of heat exchangers for localized determination of the thermal performance of heat exchangers with individually finned heat pipes. The fundamental parameters used for performance analysis were the number of fins per heat pipe, the number of heat pipes, the inlet temperatures, and the flow rates of hot and cold fluids. The heat exchanger under analysis uses Freon 404A as a working fluid in an air conditioning system for cooling in the Evaporator and energy recovery in the Condenser. The theoretical model is localized and applied individually to the Evaporator, Condenser, and heat exchanger regions. The results obtained through the simulation are compared with experimental results that use a global approach for the heat exchanger. The thermal quantities obtained through the theoretical model in the mentioned regions are air velocity, Nusselt number, thermal effectiveness, heat transfer rate, and outlet temperature. The comparisons made with global experimental results are in excellent agreement, demonstrating that the localized theoretical approach developed is consistent and can be used as a comprehensive analysis tool for heat exchangers using heat pipes.
文摘This work contributes to the improvement of energy-saving in air conditioning systems. The objective is to apply the thermal efficiency of heat exchangers for localized determination of the thermal performance of heat exchangers with individually finned heat pipes. The fundamental parameters used for performance analysis were the number of fins per heat pipe, the number of heat pipes, the inlet temperatures, and the flow rates of hot and cold fluids. The heat exchanger under analysis uses Freon 404A as a working fluid in an air conditioning system for cooling in the Evaporator and energy recovery in the Condenser. The theoretical model is localized and applied individually to the Evaporator, Condenser, and heat exchanger regions. The results obtained through the simulation are compared with experimental results that use a global approach for the heat exchanger. The thermal quantities obtained through the theoretical model in the mentioned regions are air velocity, Nusselt number, thermal effectiveness, heat transfer rate, and outlet temperature. The comparisons made with global experimental results are in excellent agreement, demonstrating that the localized theoretical approach developed is consistent and can be used as a comprehensive analysis tool for heat exchangers using heat pipes.
文摘The catalytic hydrolysis of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) was investigated over WO_3/SnO_2 solid acid which was prepared by impregnating Sn(OH)_4 with aqueous ammonium metatungstate followed by evaporating, drying and calcining in air. The CFC-12 conversion over WO_3/SnO_2 at 330'C remained above 99.5% during 150 h on stream, however, parent metal oxides showed rare catalytic decomposition activity.
文摘The article analyzes a shell and tube type condenser’s thermal performance using concepts of efficiency and effectiveness. Freon 134a is used as a coolant flowing through the shell. Water or water-based aluminum oxide nanoparticles are at relatively low saturation pressure in the tube. The condenser consists of 36 tubes divided into three central regions for analysis: superheated steam, saturated steam, and subcooled liquid. The three regions contain four tubes with three steps each, that is, 12 tubes. Region I, superheated steam, includes three horizontal baffles. Profiles of temperature, efficiency, and effectiveness are presented graphically for the three regions, with fixed refrigerant flow equal to 0.20 kg/s and fluid flow rate in the tube ranging from 0.05 kg/s to 0.40 kg/s. The experimental result for vapor pressure equal to 1.2 MPa and water flow equal to 0.41 kg/s was used as one of the references for the model’s physical compatibility.
基金Project supported by the National Climbing Plan of China.
文摘The catalytic decomposition of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) in the presence of water vapor on a series of SO42- -promoted solid acids was investigated. CFC-12 was decomposed completely on SO42-/ZrO2, SO42-/TiO2, SO42-/SnO2, SO42-/Fe2O3 and SO42-/Al2O3 at 265℃, 270℃, 325℃, 350℃ and 325℃, respectively, and the selectivity to by-products was ne-gleclable. Obvious deactivation was found on SO42-/ZrO2 and SO42-/Al2O3 during several hours on stream, while the catalytic activity was maintained on SO42-/TiO2, SO42-/SnO2 and SO42-/Fe2O3 for 240 h on stream.
