[Objective] The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for stable and highly effective intercropping arrangements and scientific management measures by selecting apple, pear, peach, apricot, walnut, jujube and other f...[Objective] The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for stable and highly effective intercropping arrangements and scientific management measures by selecting apple, pear, peach, apricot, walnut, jujube and other fruit trees to study their influence on yield, fiber quality and economic returns of intercropped cotton in southern Xinjiang. [Method] Based on major cropping pattern in production, randomized block design was adopted to explore growth indicators, canopy micrometeorological indicators, yield and fiber quality in key growth stage. [Result] Shading has a significant effect on cotton canopy micro-environment and canopy diameter is proportional to shading effect. According to comparisons of the same tree type, the change of canopy micro-environment was as follows： under canopyouter canopymiddle points and peachpearapplewalnutjujube for comparisons among different tree types. Canopy diameter is directly proportional to the number of tree branch and boll weight reductions and shading is the main cause of yield reduction. The canopy expansion is the major cause of decline of light intensity, temperature and humidity of cotton canopy. [Conclusion] Fruit trees, which will promote cotton yield,quality and canopy-environment, are as follows： jujube walnut apple pear peach trees. In practice, trees, which are small in canopy or well trimmed, are popular in production, such as jujube trees, to improve cotton yield and fiber quality.展开更多
With ＇Hongmanao＇, a sweet cherry cultivar from central Shanxi Province, as the experimental material, the chilling requirements of different types of fruit branches （including mixed fruit branch, long fruit branch,...With ＇Hongmanao＇, a sweet cherry cultivar from central Shanxi Province, as the experimental material, the chilling requirements of different types of fruit branches （including mixed fruit branch, long fruit branch, medium fruit branch, short fruit branch and blossom fruit branch） were studied by the 0-7.2 ℃ model in a solar greenhouse during 2012-2013. In the greenhouse, the fruit branches of ＇Hongmanao＇ were cultured in water in a thermostatic environment. The results showed that the chilling requirement of leaf buds of ＇Hongmanao＇ was lower than that of its flower buds; and the chilling requirements of the five types of fruit branches ranked as blossom fruit branch＇s〈short fruit branch＇s〈medium fruit branch＇s〈long fruit branch＇s〈mixed fruit branch＇s,展开更多
In order to explore the relationship between soil moisture content and the severity of occurrence of Contarinia morulae Jiang,the effects of different soil types and moisture contents on the emergence rate of C. morul...In order to explore the relationship between soil moisture content and the severity of occurrence of Contarinia morulae Jiang,the effects of different soil types and moisture contents on the emergence rate of C. morulae were investigated. The results showed that soil moisture contents had a significant effect on the emergence rate of C. morulae. When the soil moisture content was 10%,the emergence rate of C. morulae was the highest in both soil types. When the soil moisture content was too high or too low,the emergence rate of C. morulae was significantly reduced. Within the suitable water content range,the emergence rate of C. morulae in sandy soil was significantly higher than that in sandy loam soil. The trend of emergence of C. morulae in the two soil types was basically the same. The number of adults of C. morulae began to increase slowly on March 18,peaked on March 28 and then peaked again on early April.展开更多
Sexual systems play important roles in angiosperm evolution and exhibit substantial variations among different floras. Thus, studying their evolution in a whole flora is crucial for understanding the formation and mai...Sexual systems play important roles in angiosperm evolution and exhibit substantial variations among different floras. Thus, studying their evolution in a whole flora is crucial for understanding the formation and maintenance of plant biodiversity and predicting its responses to environmental change. In this study, we determined the patterns of plant sexual systems and their associations with geographic elements and various life-history traits in dry-hot valley region of southwestern China, an extremely vulnerable ecosystem. Of the 3166 angiosperm species recorded in this area, 74.5% were hermaphroditic,13.5% were monoecious and 12% were dioecious, showing a high incidence of diclinous species. Diclinous species were strongly associated with tropical elements, whereas hermaphroditic species were strongly associated with temperate and cosmopolitan elements. We also found that hermaphroditism was strongly associated with showy floral displays, specialist entomophily, dry fruits and herbaceous plants.Dioecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous, pale-colored flowers, generalist entomophily, fleshy fruits, and woody plants, whereas monoecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous, pale-colored flowers, anemophily, dry fruits, and herbaceous plants. In addition, hermaphroditic species with generalist entomophily tended to flower in the dry season, whereas diclinous species with specialist entomophily tended to flower in the rainy season. However, independent of sexual systems, plants that produce dry fruits tended to flower in the rainy season and set fruits in the dry season, but the opposite pattern was found for fleshy fruit-producing plants. Our results suggest that in the dry-hot valleys, plant sexual systems are associated with geographic elements as well as various life-history traits that are sensitive to environmental change.展开更多
桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚等药材源于桑科植物桑Morus alba L,具有良好的生理活性。桑源药材中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、多糖类、酚酸类、Diels-Alder型和香豆素类等多种化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物、多糖或生物碱是其特征性活性成分。桑...桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚等药材源于桑科植物桑Morus alba L,具有良好的生理活性。桑源药材中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、多糖类、酚酸类、Diels-Alder型和香豆素类等多种化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物、多糖或生物碱是其特征性活性成分。桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚及其有效成分可能通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性、保护胰岛β细胞、改善炎症反应、抗氧化应激、调节线粒体代谢、调节肠道菌群、改善糖尿病并发症等途径达到防治2型糖尿病的作用。本文对桑源药材的化学成分及其在2型糖尿病防治中的应用及作用机制进行了系统综述,以期为桑源药材的开发及临床合理应用提供指导。展开更多
为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响,以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象,利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型(Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS),...为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响,以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象,利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型(Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS),探究开花物候分布特征、谱系保守性以及功能性状的贡献率。结果表明:(1)新疆木本植物开花期集中在3月31日至4月20日,持续时间为(13.03±0.38)d。乔木、肉质果、彩色花和风媒植物分别比灌木、非肉质果、非彩色花和虫媒植物的开花早。(2)亲缘关系越近的物种开花物候特征越相似,系统发育信号值Pagel’sλ为0.67~0.74。(3)果实类型、花色和传粉方式与开花物候最相关,解释度为17.4%~31.6%。本研究证明系统发育和植物功能性状均能影响新疆木本植物开花物候,研究结果对阐明干旱区生物多样性维持机制和虫植关系具有重要意义。展开更多
基金Supported by Special Foundation for Young Scientific and Technological Talents,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnky-2012-009)Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest(201003043-07)+1 种基金Scientific Research Programof the Higher Education Institution of XinJiang(XJEDU2012S14)National-level College Students’Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program(201210758002)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for stable and highly effective intercropping arrangements and scientific management measures by selecting apple, pear, peach, apricot, walnut, jujube and other fruit trees to study their influence on yield, fiber quality and economic returns of intercropped cotton in southern Xinjiang. [Method] Based on major cropping pattern in production, randomized block design was adopted to explore growth indicators, canopy micrometeorological indicators, yield and fiber quality in key growth stage. [Result] Shading has a significant effect on cotton canopy micro-environment and canopy diameter is proportional to shading effect. According to comparisons of the same tree type, the change of canopy micro-environment was as follows： under canopyouter canopymiddle points and peachpearapplewalnutjujube for comparisons among different tree types. Canopy diameter is directly proportional to the number of tree branch and boll weight reductions and shading is the main cause of yield reduction. The canopy expansion is the major cause of decline of light intensity, temperature and humidity of cotton canopy. [Conclusion] Fruit trees, which will promote cotton yield,quality and canopy-environment, are as follows： jujube walnut apple pear peach trees. In practice, trees, which are small in canopy or well trimmed, are popular in production, such as jujube trees, to improve cotton yield and fiber quality.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Project of Shanxi Science and Technology Department(20150311015-2)Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology~~
文摘With ＇Hongmanao＇, a sweet cherry cultivar from central Shanxi Province, as the experimental material, the chilling requirements of different types of fruit branches （including mixed fruit branch, long fruit branch, medium fruit branch, short fruit branch and blossom fruit branch） were studied by the 0-7.2 ℃ model in a solar greenhouse during 2012-2013. In the greenhouse, the fruit branches of ＇Hongmanao＇ were cultured in water in a thermostatic environment. The results showed that the chilling requirement of leaf buds of ＇Hongmanao＇ was lower than that of its flower buds; and the chilling requirements of the five types of fruit branches ranked as blossom fruit branch＇s〈short fruit branch＇s〈medium fruit branch＇s〈long fruit branch＇s〈mixed fruit branch＇s,
基金Supported by Social and People's Livelihood Sci-Tech Innovation Project of Chongqing City(cstc2016shmszx80014)Subsidy Fund for Development of Sericulture Industry in Chongqing(CQ2017CSE014)
文摘In order to explore the relationship between soil moisture content and the severity of occurrence of Contarinia morulae Jiang,the effects of different soil types and moisture contents on the emergence rate of C. morulae were investigated. The results showed that soil moisture contents had a significant effect on the emergence rate of C. morulae. When the soil moisture content was 10%,the emergence rate of C. morulae was the highest in both soil types. When the soil moisture content was too high or too low,the emergence rate of C. morulae was significantly reduced. Within the suitable water content range,the emergence rate of C. morulae in sandy soil was significantly higher than that in sandy loam soil. The trend of emergence of C. morulae in the two soil types was basically the same. The number of adults of C. morulae began to increase slowly on March 18,peaked on March 28 and then peaked again on early April.
基金supported by the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20149)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050203)+3 种基金the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research program (2019QZKK0502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32371702, 32071669 and 31770249)the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Program (xbzg-zdsys202319)the Ten-thousand Talents Program of Yunnan Province (YNWR-QNBJ-2018-208)。
文摘Sexual systems play important roles in angiosperm evolution and exhibit substantial variations among different floras. Thus, studying their evolution in a whole flora is crucial for understanding the formation and maintenance of plant biodiversity and predicting its responses to environmental change. In this study, we determined the patterns of plant sexual systems and their associations with geographic elements and various life-history traits in dry-hot valley region of southwestern China, an extremely vulnerable ecosystem. Of the 3166 angiosperm species recorded in this area, 74.5% were hermaphroditic,13.5% were monoecious and 12% were dioecious, showing a high incidence of diclinous species. Diclinous species were strongly associated with tropical elements, whereas hermaphroditic species were strongly associated with temperate and cosmopolitan elements. We also found that hermaphroditism was strongly associated with showy floral displays, specialist entomophily, dry fruits and herbaceous plants.Dioecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous, pale-colored flowers, generalist entomophily, fleshy fruits, and woody plants, whereas monoecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous, pale-colored flowers, anemophily, dry fruits, and herbaceous plants. In addition, hermaphroditic species with generalist entomophily tended to flower in the dry season, whereas diclinous species with specialist entomophily tended to flower in the rainy season. However, independent of sexual systems, plants that produce dry fruits tended to flower in the rainy season and set fruits in the dry season, but the opposite pattern was found for fleshy fruit-producing plants. Our results suggest that in the dry-hot valleys, plant sexual systems are associated with geographic elements as well as various life-history traits that are sensitive to environmental change.
文摘桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚等药材源于桑科植物桑Morus alba L,具有良好的生理活性。桑源药材中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、多糖类、酚酸类、Diels-Alder型和香豆素类等多种化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物、多糖或生物碱是其特征性活性成分。桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚及其有效成分可能通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性、保护胰岛β细胞、改善炎症反应、抗氧化应激、调节线粒体代谢、调节肠道菌群、改善糖尿病并发症等途径达到防治2型糖尿病的作用。本文对桑源药材的化学成分及其在2型糖尿病防治中的应用及作用机制进行了系统综述,以期为桑源药材的开发及临床合理应用提供指导。
文摘为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响,以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象,利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型(Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS),探究开花物候分布特征、谱系保守性以及功能性状的贡献率。结果表明:(1)新疆木本植物开花期集中在3月31日至4月20日,持续时间为(13.03±0.38)d。乔木、肉质果、彩色花和风媒植物分别比灌木、非肉质果、非彩色花和虫媒植物的开花早。(2)亲缘关系越近的物种开花物候特征越相似,系统发育信号值Pagel’sλ为0.67~0.74。(3)果实类型、花色和传粉方式与开花物候最相关,解释度为17.4%~31.6%。本研究证明系统发育和植物功能性状均能影响新疆木本植物开花物候,研究结果对阐明干旱区生物多样性维持机制和虫植关系具有重要意义。
