Crude polysaccharide and triterpene levels were determined in the fruit bodies of eleven Lingzhi samples,designated as Ganoderma lucidum,G.capense and G.tsugae,harvested at four different stages of development: buddin...Crude polysaccharide and triterpene levels were determined in the fruit bodies of eleven Lingzhi samples,designated as Ganoderma lucidum,G.capense and G.tsugae,harvested at four different stages of development: budding,elongation,maturation and senescence.In most cases,crude polysaccharide levels were highest at the budding stage,decreased during the elongation stage,increased again at maturation and were lowest at senescence.Triterpene levels generally remained relatively high during the first three developmental stages but were markedly lower at senescence.展开更多
为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成...为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成分(PCA)模型分析结果显示3个时期平菇菌丝体中的代谢产物具有明显差异。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)>1和差异倍数值(fold change)≥2或≤0.5为条件对MM vs MP、MM vs MF和MP vs MF中的差异代谢物进行比较分析,分别获得139个、147个和67个差异代谢物,变化倍数最大的物质包括氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、生物碱、有机酸等,说明这些差异代谢物对平菇子实体发育具有重要影响。KEGG分析表明,苯丙氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等20条代谢通路表现活跃。在子实体发育过程中,脂质、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物之间明显相关。以上研究结果为平菇子实体发育机制和标准化栽培提供了理论依据。展开更多
为了探究草菇子实体多肽(Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides,VVFP)对模型小鼠急性酒精肝预防作用及肠道菌群的影响,以先前获得的VVFP(分子质量1~3 kDa)为材料灌胃小鼠,将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、多肽低剂...为了探究草菇子实体多肽(Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides,VVFP)对模型小鼠急性酒精肝预防作用及肠道菌群的影响,以先前获得的VVFP(分子质量1~3 kDa)为材料灌胃小鼠,将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、多肽低剂量组、多肽中剂量组、多肽高剂量组,比较各组小鼠的血清和肝脏指标以及组织病理切片,利用16S rDNA基因高通量测序分析各样品中微生物菌群的生物多样性以及在门和属水平上的相对丰度。结果表明,与模型组相比,VVFP能够极显著降低血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平和肝脏中丙二醛的含量,并且降低肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6炎症因子水平,同时明显提高肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性。16S rDNA基因高通量测序结果表明,VVFP可以使小鼠肠道菌群中α多样性的Chao1指数和Observed_species指数明显降低,Shannon指数升高,并可通过调节拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、链霉菌属、乳酸杆菌属和弧菌属的丰度从而减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤程度。综上,VVFP可以减轻酒精引起的肝损伤,本研究可为多肽在功能食品领域的应用提供理论参考。展开更多
Objective The aim was to provide basis for further studies on fruit firmness in peach fruits and the standardization and standardization of peach germplasm resource. [ Method] The analysis of fruit firmness of peach g...Objective The aim was to provide basis for further studies on fruit firmness in peach fruits and the standardization and standardization of peach germplasm resource. [ Method] The analysis of fruit firmness of peach germplasm resource was based on the improved firmness measurement, and the probability grading of characteristics was carried out on peach fruit firmness. [Result] The coefficient of variation of peach fruit firmness with skin was less than that of fruit firmness without skin; the fruit firmness with skin and fruit firmness without skin were both fitted the normal distribution; the probability grading of characteristics were divided into five series based on four points of (X-1. 281 8s), (X-0. 524 6s), (X+0. 524 6s) and (X+1.281 8s), so that the probability of 1 -5 were 10%, 20%, 40%, 20% and 10%. [Conclusion] There was more abundant genetic basis in fruit firmness, which held a potential for greater choice.展开更多
以不同菌株灵芝子实体为试材,采用质构仪在5%形变模式下对获得的不同灵芝子实体进行全质构(texture profile analysis, TPA)测试,运用SPSS 26.0软件,进行组间灵芝样品质构差异分析,探讨不同采收期、不同菌株等对灵芝质构的影响,进而利...以不同菌株灵芝子实体为试材,采用质构仪在5%形变模式下对获得的不同灵芝子实体进行全质构(texture profile analysis, TPA)测试,运用SPSS 26.0软件,进行组间灵芝样品质构差异分析,探讨不同采收期、不同菌株等对灵芝质构的影响,进而利用逼近理想解(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS)方法对质构物理特性进行综合比较,研究了不同菌株的灵芝子实体品质差异,以期为灵芝食用的栽培育种和生产加工提供参考依据。结果表明:不同采收时间的TPA指标存在一定的差异,说明采收时间对灵芝子实体的硬度、脆度、弹性、黏聚性、胶着性、咀嚼性、回复性有一定的影响。采用TOPSIS对该试验不同菌株的灵芝样本进行质构品质排名的结果发现,编号为GL226菌株的品质是该试验所选灵芝样品中品质最好的灵芝菌株,可作为后期相关生产加工和栽培的专用菌株。展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy globally and ranks second in cancer-related mortality,with the liver being the primary organ of metastasis.Preoperative chemotherapy is widely recomm...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy globally and ranks second in cancer-related mortality,with the liver being the primary organ of metastasis.Preoperative chemotherapy is widely recommended for initially or potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs).Tumour pathological response serves as the most important and intuitive indicator for assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy.However,the postoperative pathological results reveal that a considerable number of patients exhibit a poor response to preoperative chemotherapy.Body mass index(BMI)is one of the factors affecting the tumori-genesis and progression of colorectal cancer as well as prognosis after various antitumour therapies.Several studies have indicated that overweight and obese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer experience worse prognoses than those with normal weight,particularly when receiving first-line chemotherapy regimens in combination with bevacizumab.AIM To explore the predictive value of BMI regarding the pathologic response following preoperative chemotherapy for CRLMs.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in 126 consecutive patients with CRLM who underwent hepatectomy following preoperative chemotherapy at four different hospitals from October 2019 to July 2023.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse potential predictors of tumour pathological response.The Kaplan-Meier method with log rank test was used to compare progression-free survival(PFS)between patients with high and low BMI.BMI<24.0 kg/m^(2) was defined as low BMI,and tumour regression grade 1-2 was defined as complete tumour response.RESULTS Low BMI was observed in 74(58.7%)patients and complete tumour response was found in 27(21.4%)patients.The rate of complete tumour response was significantly higher in patients with low BMI(29.7%vs 9.6%,P=0.007).Multivariate analysis revealed that low BMI[odds ratio(OR)=4.56,95%confidence interval(CI):1.42-14.63,P=0.011],targeted therapy with bevacizumab(OR=3.02,95%CI:1.10-8.33,P=0.033),preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level<10 ng/mL(OR=3.84,95%CI:1.19-12.44,P=0.025)and severe sinusoidal dilatation(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.03-0.90,P=0.037)were independent predictive factors for complete tumour response.The low BMI group exhibited a significantly longer median PFS than the high BMI group(10.7 mo vs 4.7 mo,P=0.011).CONCLUSION In CRLM patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy,a low BMI may be associated with better tumour response and longer PFS.展开更多
基金Key Technologies R&D Programs of Zhejiang Province(No.2006E20020)Key Program of Zhejiang Academy of Forestry Science(N.2007F10004,2007C22069,2006C22079)
文摘Crude polysaccharide and triterpene levels were determined in the fruit bodies of eleven Lingzhi samples,designated as Ganoderma lucidum,G.capense and G.tsugae,harvested at four different stages of development: budding,elongation,maturation and senescence.In most cases,crude polysaccharide levels were highest at the budding stage,decreased during the elongation stage,increased again at maturation and were lowest at senescence.Triterpene levels generally remained relatively high during the first three developmental stages but were markedly lower at senescence.
文摘为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成分(PCA)模型分析结果显示3个时期平菇菌丝体中的代谢产物具有明显差异。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)>1和差异倍数值(fold change)≥2或≤0.5为条件对MM vs MP、MM vs MF和MP vs MF中的差异代谢物进行比较分析,分别获得139个、147个和67个差异代谢物,变化倍数最大的物质包括氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、生物碱、有机酸等,说明这些差异代谢物对平菇子实体发育具有重要影响。KEGG分析表明,苯丙氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等20条代谢通路表现活跃。在子实体发育过程中,脂质、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物之间明显相关。以上研究结果为平菇子实体发育机制和标准化栽培提供了理论依据。
文摘为了探究草菇子实体多肽(Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides,VVFP)对模型小鼠急性酒精肝预防作用及肠道菌群的影响,以先前获得的VVFP(分子质量1~3 kDa)为材料灌胃小鼠,将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、多肽低剂量组、多肽中剂量组、多肽高剂量组,比较各组小鼠的血清和肝脏指标以及组织病理切片,利用16S rDNA基因高通量测序分析各样品中微生物菌群的生物多样性以及在门和属水平上的相对丰度。结果表明,与模型组相比,VVFP能够极显著降低血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平和肝脏中丙二醛的含量,并且降低肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6炎症因子水平,同时明显提高肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性。16S rDNA基因高通量测序结果表明,VVFP可以使小鼠肠道菌群中α多样性的Chao1指数和Observed_species指数明显降低,Shannon指数升高,并可通过调节拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、链霉菌属、乳酸杆菌属和弧菌属的丰度从而减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤程度。综上,VVFP可以减轻酒精引起的肝损伤,本研究可为多肽在功能食品领域的应用提供理论参考。
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Plan Project(2008BAD92B02)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industryTechnology Research System(nycytx-31-zs-4)~~
文摘Objective The aim was to provide basis for further studies on fruit firmness in peach fruits and the standardization and standardization of peach germplasm resource. [ Method] The analysis of fruit firmness of peach germplasm resource was based on the improved firmness measurement, and the probability grading of characteristics was carried out on peach fruit firmness. [Result] The coefficient of variation of peach fruit firmness with skin was less than that of fruit firmness without skin; the fruit firmness with skin and fruit firmness without skin were both fitted the normal distribution; the probability grading of characteristics were divided into five series based on four points of (X-1. 281 8s), (X-0. 524 6s), (X+0. 524 6s) and (X+1.281 8s), so that the probability of 1 -5 were 10%, 20%, 40%, 20% and 10%. [Conclusion] There was more abundant genetic basis in fruit firmness, which held a potential for greater choice.
文摘以不同菌株灵芝子实体为试材,采用质构仪在5%形变模式下对获得的不同灵芝子实体进行全质构(texture profile analysis, TPA)测试,运用SPSS 26.0软件,进行组间灵芝样品质构差异分析,探讨不同采收期、不同菌株等对灵芝质构的影响,进而利用逼近理想解(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS)方法对质构物理特性进行综合比较,研究了不同菌株的灵芝子实体品质差异,以期为灵芝食用的栽培育种和生产加工提供参考依据。结果表明:不同采收时间的TPA指标存在一定的差异,说明采收时间对灵芝子实体的硬度、脆度、弹性、黏聚性、胶着性、咀嚼性、回复性有一定的影响。采用TOPSIS对该试验不同菌株的灵芝样本进行质构品质排名的结果发现,编号为GL226菌株的品质是该试验所选灵芝样品中品质最好的灵芝菌株,可作为后期相关生产加工和栽培的专用菌株。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82170618.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy globally and ranks second in cancer-related mortality,with the liver being the primary organ of metastasis.Preoperative chemotherapy is widely recommended for initially or potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs).Tumour pathological response serves as the most important and intuitive indicator for assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy.However,the postoperative pathological results reveal that a considerable number of patients exhibit a poor response to preoperative chemotherapy.Body mass index(BMI)is one of the factors affecting the tumori-genesis and progression of colorectal cancer as well as prognosis after various antitumour therapies.Several studies have indicated that overweight and obese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer experience worse prognoses than those with normal weight,particularly when receiving first-line chemotherapy regimens in combination with bevacizumab.AIM To explore the predictive value of BMI regarding the pathologic response following preoperative chemotherapy for CRLMs.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in 126 consecutive patients with CRLM who underwent hepatectomy following preoperative chemotherapy at four different hospitals from October 2019 to July 2023.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse potential predictors of tumour pathological response.The Kaplan-Meier method with log rank test was used to compare progression-free survival(PFS)between patients with high and low BMI.BMI<24.0 kg/m^(2) was defined as low BMI,and tumour regression grade 1-2 was defined as complete tumour response.RESULTS Low BMI was observed in 74(58.7%)patients and complete tumour response was found in 27(21.4%)patients.The rate of complete tumour response was significantly higher in patients with low BMI(29.7%vs 9.6%,P=0.007).Multivariate analysis revealed that low BMI[odds ratio(OR)=4.56,95%confidence interval(CI):1.42-14.63,P=0.011],targeted therapy with bevacizumab(OR=3.02,95%CI:1.10-8.33,P=0.033),preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level<10 ng/mL(OR=3.84,95%CI:1.19-12.44,P=0.025)and severe sinusoidal dilatation(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.03-0.90,P=0.037)were independent predictive factors for complete tumour response.The low BMI group exhibited a significantly longer median PFS than the high BMI group(10.7 mo vs 4.7 mo,P=0.011).CONCLUSION In CRLM patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy,a low BMI may be associated with better tumour response and longer PFS.