The response surface methodology(RSM) combined with bioassays was employed to optimize the extraction process of crude fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides(c FCSP) from Sargassum fusiforme. The central composit...The response surface methodology(RSM) combined with bioassays was employed to optimize the extraction process of crude fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides(c FCSP) from Sargassum fusiforme. The central composite design(CCD) was used with four variables, five levels, and four responses. The four variables were p H value of hydrochloric acid solution, extraction temperature(℃), ratio of liquid to raw material(m L g^(-1)), and extraction time(h), respectively. Chemical and bioassay indices were used in combination as the response parameters, which included the yield of c FCSP, fucose content, proliferation rate of spleen cells, and lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation of splenocytes. The experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis, and examined using the appropriate statistical methods. The best extraction conditions were as follows: the p H value of hydrochloric acid solution was 3.50; the extraction temperature was 100℃; the ratio of liquid to raw material was 15.00 m L g^(-1) and the extraction time was 2.50 h. The experimental yield was close to the predicted from the model. The extract could promote spleen lymphocyte proliferation, especially the lipopolysaccharide-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, which suggested that its immunomodulatory effect on B lymphocytes. Therefore, c FCSP extracted from S. fusiforme could be utilized as an immunostimulant in functional foods and pharmaceutical industry in future.展开更多
Fulminant hepatitis is a serious, life-threatening disorder and is associated with inflammatory cytokines produced by Kupffer cells. However, a number of clinical trials for the treatment of fulminant hepatitis did no...Fulminant hepatitis is a serious, life-threatening disorder and is associated with inflammatory cytokines produced by Kupffer cells. However, a number of clinical trials for the treatment of fulminant hepatitis did not show enough substantial benefits. Since NF-κB is a key mediator of inflammatory response in Kupffer cells, NF-κB decoy would be an attractive candi-datefor the treatment of fulminant hepatitis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Changes in N-linked glycosylation have been observed in the circulation of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma. In particular, an elevation in the level of core fucosylation has been observed. However...BACKGROUND Changes in N-linked glycosylation have been observed in the circulation of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma. In particular, an elevation in the level of core fucosylation has been observed. However, the mechanisms through which core fucose is increased are not well understood. We hypothesized that a review of the literature and related bioinformatic review regarding six genes known to be involved in the attachment of core fucosylation, the synthesis of the fucosylation substrate guanosine diphosphate(GDP)-fucose, or the transport of the substrate into the Golgi might offer mechanistic insight into the regulation of core fucose levels.AIM To survey the literature to capture the involvement of genes regulating core Nlinked fucosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma METHODS The PubMed biomedical literature database was searched for the association of hepatocellular carcinoma and each of the core fucose-related genes and their protein products. We also queried The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC) dataset for genetic, epigenetic and gene expression changes for the set of six genes using the tools at cBioportal.RESULTS A total of 27 citations involving one or more of the core fucosylation-related genes(FPGT, FUK, FUT8, GMDS, SLC35 C1, TSTA3) and hepatocellular carcinoma were identified. The same set of gene symbols was used to query the371 patients with liver cancer in the LIHC dataset to identify the frequency of m RNA over or under expression, as well as non-synonymous mutations, copy number variation and methylation level. Although all six genes trended to moresamples displaying over expression relative to under-expression, it was noted that a number of tumor samples had undergone amplification of the genes of the de novo synthesis pathway, GMDS(27 samples) and TSTA3(78 samples). In contrast, the other four genes had undergone amplification in 2 or fewer samples.CONCLUSION Amplification of genes involved in the de novo pathway for generation of GDPfucose, GMDS and TSTA3, likely contributes to the elevated core fucose observed in hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
The study shows that GP73 alone may not be sufficient to achieve the discrimination in every population. This is because many other clinical factors may influence the levels of the biomarker. This review attempts to i...The study shows that GP73 alone may not be sufficient to achieve the discrimination in every population. This is because many other clinical factors may influence the levels of the biomarker. This review attempts to identify some of these clinical variables,and helps provide a means of using these clinical values,in combination with GP73,to achieve the best use of the entire clinical biomarker family.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2013AA093003)
文摘The response surface methodology(RSM) combined with bioassays was employed to optimize the extraction process of crude fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides(c FCSP) from Sargassum fusiforme. The central composite design(CCD) was used with four variables, five levels, and four responses. The four variables were p H value of hydrochloric acid solution, extraction temperature(℃), ratio of liquid to raw material(m L g^(-1)), and extraction time(h), respectively. Chemical and bioassay indices were used in combination as the response parameters, which included the yield of c FCSP, fucose content, proliferation rate of spleen cells, and lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation of splenocytes. The experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis, and examined using the appropriate statistical methods. The best extraction conditions were as follows: the p H value of hydrochloric acid solution was 3.50; the extraction temperature was 100℃; the ratio of liquid to raw material was 15.00 m L g^(-1) and the extraction time was 2.50 h. The experimental yield was close to the predicted from the model. The extract could promote spleen lymphocyte proliferation, especially the lipopolysaccharide-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, which suggested that its immunomodulatory effect on B lymphocytes. Therefore, c FCSP extracted from S. fusiforme could be utilized as an immunostimulant in functional foods and pharmaceutical industry in future.
文摘Fulminant hepatitis is a serious, life-threatening disorder and is associated with inflammatory cytokines produced by Kupffer cells. However, a number of clinical trials for the treatment of fulminant hepatitis did not show enough substantial benefits. Since NF-κB is a key mediator of inflammatory response in Kupffer cells, NF-κB decoy would be an attractive candi-datefor the treatment of fulminant hepatitis.
文摘BACKGROUND Changes in N-linked glycosylation have been observed in the circulation of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma. In particular, an elevation in the level of core fucosylation has been observed. However, the mechanisms through which core fucose is increased are not well understood. We hypothesized that a review of the literature and related bioinformatic review regarding six genes known to be involved in the attachment of core fucosylation, the synthesis of the fucosylation substrate guanosine diphosphate(GDP)-fucose, or the transport of the substrate into the Golgi might offer mechanistic insight into the regulation of core fucose levels.AIM To survey the literature to capture the involvement of genes regulating core Nlinked fucosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma METHODS The PubMed biomedical literature database was searched for the association of hepatocellular carcinoma and each of the core fucose-related genes and their protein products. We also queried The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC) dataset for genetic, epigenetic and gene expression changes for the set of six genes using the tools at cBioportal.RESULTS A total of 27 citations involving one or more of the core fucosylation-related genes(FPGT, FUK, FUT8, GMDS, SLC35 C1, TSTA3) and hepatocellular carcinoma were identified. The same set of gene symbols was used to query the371 patients with liver cancer in the LIHC dataset to identify the frequency of m RNA over or under expression, as well as non-synonymous mutations, copy number variation and methylation level. Although all six genes trended to moresamples displaying over expression relative to under-expression, it was noted that a number of tumor samples had undergone amplification of the genes of the de novo synthesis pathway, GMDS(27 samples) and TSTA3(78 samples). In contrast, the other four genes had undergone amplification in 2 or fewer samples.CONCLUSION Amplification of genes involved in the de novo pathway for generation of GDPfucose, GMDS and TSTA3, likely contributes to the elevated core fucose observed in hepatocellular carcinoma.
文摘The study shows that GP73 alone may not be sufficient to achieve the discrimination in every population. This is because many other clinical factors may influence the levels of the biomarker. This review attempts to identify some of these clinical variables,and helps provide a means of using these clinical values,in combination with GP73,to achieve the best use of the entire clinical biomarker family.
