In this note, we establish a new formulation of smoothness conditions for piecewise polynomial (: =pp) functions in terms of the B-net representation in the general n-dimensional setting. It plays an important role fo...In this note, we establish a new formulation of smoothness conditions for piecewise polynomial (: =pp) functions in terms of the B-net representation in the general n-dimensional setting. It plays an important role for 2-dimensional setting in the constructive proof of the fact that the spaces of polynomial splines with smoothness rand total degree k≥3r+2 over arbitrary triangulations achieve the optimal approximation order with the approximation constant depending only on k and the smallest angle of the partition in [5].展开更多
Stream and wetland riparian areas are able to sustain a state of resiliency based on the ecosystem’s ability to attain the functions of its ecological potential. This resiliency allows an area to provide and produce ...Stream and wetland riparian areas are able to sustain a state of resiliency based on the ecosystem’s ability to attain the functions of its ecological potential. This resiliency allows an area to provide and produce desired and valued water quality and aquatic habitat ecosystem services. Maintaining healthy aquatic and riparian habitats depends on “management” allowing for, or facilitating natural recovery of riparian functions. Altering grazing management practices in Maggie Creek lead to changes in riparian functionality, water quality, and aquatic habitat. Maggie Creek basin, historically renowned for its fishery, is one of only a few watersheds in Nevada capable of supporting Lahontan Cutthroat Trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarkia ssp. Henshawi) meta-populations. Prior to 1993, the majority of Maggie Creek was grazed by cattle throughout the growing season. Decades of intensive grazing, water development, and road construction degraded aquatic and riparian habitats. By the early 1990’s, a majority of the Maggie Creek watershed was rated as nonfunctional or functional-at-risk condition with unstable banks, channel incision, loss of riparian vegetation, wide shallow channels, excessive erosion and deposition, reduced stream flows, and increased water temperatures. As mitigation for their 1993 South Operations Area Project mine dewatering, Newmont Mining Company, in cooperation with the Elko District Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Elko Land and Livestock Company, developed the Maggie Creek Watershed Restoration Project to enhance LCT habitat. The project was developed to enhance 82 miles of stream, 2000 acres of riparian habitat and 40,000 acres of upland watershed primarily through prescriptive livestock management. Beginning in 1994, grazing systems were implemented for portions of the perennial/intermittent streams. This greatly reduced the frequency and duration of hot season grazing on Maggie Creek and its tributaries. The objective of this paper is to compare 1994 and 2006 stream and wetland riparian assessments using proper functioning condition (PFC) protocol and water quality data.展开更多
A general theorem for the Stokes flow over a plane boundary with mixed stick-slip boundary conditions is established. This is done by using a representation for the velocity and pressure fields in the three-dimensiona...A general theorem for the Stokes flow over a plane boundary with mixed stick-slip boundary conditions is established. This is done by using a representation for the velocity and pressure fields in the three-dimensional Stokes flow in terms of a biharmonic function and a harmonic function. The earlier theorem for the Stokes flow due to fundamental singularities before a no-slip plane boundary is shown to be a special case of the present theorem. Furthermore, in terms of the Stokes stream function, a corollary of the theorem is also derived, providing a solution to the problem of the axisymmetric Stokes flow along a rigid plane with stick-slip boundary conditions. The formulae for the drag and torque exerted by the fluid on the boundary are established. An illustrative example is given.展开更多
Under the assumption of strictly stationary process, this paper proposes a nonparametric model to test the kurtosis and conditional kurtosis for risk time series. We apply this method to the daily returns of S＆P500 i...Under the assumption of strictly stationary process, this paper proposes a nonparametric model to test the kurtosis and conditional kurtosis for risk time series. We apply this method to the daily returns of S＆P500 index and the Shanghai Composite Index, and simulate GARCH data for verifying the efficiency of the presented model. Our results indicate that the risk series distribution is heavily tailed, but the historical information can make its future distribution light-tailed. However the far future distribution＇s tails are little affected by the historical data.展开更多
A new smooth gap function for the box constrained variational inequality problem （VIP） is proposed based on an integral global optimality condition. The smooth gap function is simple and has some good differentiable...A new smooth gap function for the box constrained variational inequality problem （VIP） is proposed based on an integral global optimality condition. The smooth gap function is simple and has some good differentiable properties. The box constrained VIP can be reformulated as a differentiable optimization problem by the proposed smooth gap function. The conditions, under which any stationary point of the optimization problem is the solution to the box constrained VIP, are discussed. A simple frictional contact problem is analyzed to show the applications of the smooth gap function. Finally, the numerical experiments confirm the good theoretical properties of the method.展开更多
By using the approximate derivative-dependent functional variable separation approach, we study the quasi-linear diffusion equations with a weak source ut = （A（u）Ux）x ＋ eB（u, Ux）. A complete classification of t...By using the approximate derivative-dependent functional variable separation approach, we study the quasi-linear diffusion equations with a weak source ut = （A（u）Ux）x ＋ eB（u, Ux）. A complete classification of these perturbed equations which admit approximate derivative-dependent functional separable solutions is listed. As a consequence, some approxi- mate solutions to the resulting perturbed equations are constructed via examples.展开更多
In this paper, the normal approximation rate and the random weighting approximation rate of error distribution of the kernel estimator of conditional density function f(y|x) are studied. The results may be used to...In this paper, the normal approximation rate and the random weighting approximation rate of error distribution of the kernel estimator of conditional density function f(y|x) are studied. The results may be used to construct the confidence interval of f(y|x) .展开更多
为了提高空调器的利用率,并达到节能减排的目的,设计了一种具有制冷、供暖、全天候提供热水和冷凝热回收制取热水4种功能的多功能空调器。并对所研制的多功能空调系统的热力性能进行了试验研究。结果表明:设计的多功能空调系统运行性能...为了提高空调器的利用率,并达到节能减排的目的,设计了一种具有制冷、供暖、全天候提供热水和冷凝热回收制取热水4种功能的多功能空调器。并对所研制的多功能空调系统的热力性能进行了试验研究。结果表明:设计的多功能空调系统运行性能良好,夏季制冷和冬季供暖功能正常;夏季实现冷凝热回收功能时,该系统的平均制热水能效系数为3.57,制冷能效系数为3.31,总能效系数可达6.88;单独制热水时,其制热功率和性能系数是随着进水温度的升高而降低。在20,7,2℃的环境温度条件下,其制热功率分别为:15.572,10.57,9.02 k W,性能系数分别为:4.21,3.09,2.73。展开更多
文摘In this note, we establish a new formulation of smoothness conditions for piecewise polynomial (: =pp) functions in terms of the B-net representation in the general n-dimensional setting. It plays an important role for 2-dimensional setting in the constructive proof of the fact that the spaces of polynomial splines with smoothness rand total degree k≥3r+2 over arbitrary triangulations achieve the optimal approximation order with the approximation constant depending only on k and the smallest angle of the partition in [5].
文摘Stream and wetland riparian areas are able to sustain a state of resiliency based on the ecosystem’s ability to attain the functions of its ecological potential. This resiliency allows an area to provide and produce desired and valued water quality and aquatic habitat ecosystem services. Maintaining healthy aquatic and riparian habitats depends on “management” allowing for, or facilitating natural recovery of riparian functions. Altering grazing management practices in Maggie Creek lead to changes in riparian functionality, water quality, and aquatic habitat. Maggie Creek basin, historically renowned for its fishery, is one of only a few watersheds in Nevada capable of supporting Lahontan Cutthroat Trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarkia ssp. Henshawi) meta-populations. Prior to 1993, the majority of Maggie Creek was grazed by cattle throughout the growing season. Decades of intensive grazing, water development, and road construction degraded aquatic and riparian habitats. By the early 1990’s, a majority of the Maggie Creek watershed was rated as nonfunctional or functional-at-risk condition with unstable banks, channel incision, loss of riparian vegetation, wide shallow channels, excessive erosion and deposition, reduced stream flows, and increased water temperatures. As mitigation for their 1993 South Operations Area Project mine dewatering, Newmont Mining Company, in cooperation with the Elko District Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Elko Land and Livestock Company, developed the Maggie Creek Watershed Restoration Project to enhance LCT habitat. The project was developed to enhance 82 miles of stream, 2000 acres of riparian habitat and 40,000 acres of upland watershed primarily through prescriptive livestock management. Beginning in 1994, grazing systems were implemented for portions of the perennial/intermittent streams. This greatly reduced the frequency and duration of hot season grazing on Maggie Creek and its tributaries. The objective of this paper is to compare 1994 and 2006 stream and wetland riparian assessments using proper functioning condition (PFC) protocol and water quality data.
文摘A general theorem for the Stokes flow over a plane boundary with mixed stick-slip boundary conditions is established. This is done by using a representation for the velocity and pressure fields in the three-dimensional Stokes flow in terms of a biharmonic function and a harmonic function. The earlier theorem for the Stokes flow due to fundamental singularities before a no-slip plane boundary is shown to be a special case of the present theorem. Furthermore, in terms of the Stokes stream function, a corollary of the theorem is also derived, providing a solution to the problem of the axisymmetric Stokes flow along a rigid plane with stick-slip boundary conditions. The formulae for the drag and torque exerted by the fluid on the boundary are established. An illustrative example is given.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60773081)the Key Project of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No.S30104)
文摘Under the assumption of strictly stationary process, this paper proposes a nonparametric model to test the kurtosis and conditional kurtosis for risk time series. We apply this method to the daily returns of S＆P500 index and the Shanghai Composite Index, and simulate GARCH data for verifying the efficiency of the presented model. Our results indicate that the risk series distribution is heavily tailed, but the historical information can make its future distribution light-tailed. However the far future distribution＇s tails are little affected by the historical data.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10902077,11172209, and 10572031)
文摘A new smooth gap function for the box constrained variational inequality problem （VIP） is proposed based on an integral global optimality condition. The smooth gap function is simple and has some good differentiable properties. The box constrained VIP can be reformulated as a differentiable optimization problem by the proposed smooth gap function. The conditions, under which any stationary point of the optimization problem is the solution to the box constrained VIP, are discussed. A simple frictional contact problem is analyzed to show the applications of the smooth gap function. Finally, the numerical experiments confirm the good theoretical properties of the method.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10671156)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.SJ08A05)
文摘By using the approximate derivative-dependent functional variable separation approach, we study the quasi-linear diffusion equations with a weak source ut = （A（u）Ux）x ＋ eB（u, Ux）. A complete classification of these perturbed equations which admit approximate derivative-dependent functional separable solutions is listed. As a consequence, some approxi- mate solutions to the resulting perturbed equations are constructed via examples.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City and National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(2 2 30 4 1 0 0 1 30 1
文摘In this paper, the normal approximation rate and the random weighting approximation rate of error distribution of the kernel estimator of conditional density function f(y|x) are studied. The results may be used to construct the confidence interval of f(y|x) .
文摘为了提高空调器的利用率,并达到节能减排的目的,设计了一种具有制冷、供暖、全天候提供热水和冷凝热回收制取热水4种功能的多功能空调器。并对所研制的多功能空调系统的热力性能进行了试验研究。结果表明:设计的多功能空调系统运行性能良好,夏季制冷和冬季供暖功能正常;夏季实现冷凝热回收功能时,该系统的平均制热水能效系数为3.57,制冷能效系数为3.31,总能效系数可达6.88;单独制热水时,其制热功率和性能系数是随着进水温度的升高而降低。在20,7,2℃的环境温度条件下,其制热功率分别为:15.572,10.57,9.02 k W,性能系数分别为:4.21,3.09,2.73。
