The Physical Laws and Mathematical Axioms of the Brain’s OS and the Traditional Fundamental Laws of Thought of Logic and Philosophy

This article presents four (4) additions to a book on the brain’s OS published by SciRP in 2015 [1]. It is a kind of appendix to the book. Some familiarity with the earlier book is presupposed. The book itself proposes a complete physical and mathematical blueprint of the brain’s OS. A first addition to the book (see Chapters 5 to 10 below) concerns the relation between the afore-mentioned blueprint and the more than 2000-year-old so-called fundamental laws of thought of logic and philosophy, which came to be viewed as being three (3) in number, namely the laws of 1) Identity, 2) Contradiction, and 3) the Excluded Middle. The blueprint and the laws cannot both be the final foundation of the brain’s OS. The design of the present paper is to interpret the laws in strictly mathematical terms in light of the blueprint. This addition constitutes the bulk of the present article. Chapters 5 to 8 set the stage. Chapters 9 and 10 present a detailed mathematical analysis of the laws. A second addition to the book (Chapter 11) concerns the distinction between the laws and the axioms of the brain’s OS. Laws are part of physics. Axioms are part of mathematics. Since the theory of the brain’s OS involves both physics and mathematics, it exhibits both laws and axioms. A third addition (Chapter 12) to the book involves an additional flavor of digitality in the brain’s OS. In the book, there are five (5). But brain chemistry requires a sixth. It will be called Existence Digitality. A fourth addition (Chapter 13) concerns reflections on the role of imagination in theories of physics in light of the ignorance of deeper causes. Chapters 1 to 4 present preliminary matter, for the most part a brief survey of general concepts derived from what is in the book [1]. Some historical notes are gathered at the end in Chapter 14.

Seismology in the Light of Fundamental Sciences

According to the definition, seismology is a science that studies the processes and causes of seismic phenomena and the structure of the Earth, i.e. a scientific discipline that studies the movement of blocks of rocks of the Earth’s crust and mantle and related phenomena. Seismology conducts research in the following areas and is designed to scientifically explain two main issues: 1) Study of the nature of seismic phenomena and the internal structure of the Earth. Why, how and where do seismic impacts occur? 2) Protecting humanity from the catastrophic consequences of seismic events. Is it possible to predict seismic impacts? Like any other scientific discipline, seismology is obliged to follow the laws of science and its fundamental principles. This article is devoted to the description of violations of the fundamental laws of science committed by seismologists in the study of seismic processes and raises the question of compliance of the stated research directions with the current level of development of sciences. Answering point No. 1, regarding the structure of the Earth, it is possible to recognize some successes of seismology, which nevertheless cause great doubts in the scientific community of geophysicists, because if the stratigraphic data of ultra-deep wells often refute [1] the conclusions made by seismologists on the structure of the Earth’s crust at shallow depth, then to assert something unambiguously about the structure of the mantle and at the present stage, seismology cannot. Answering the main questions of seismology, why seismic phenomena occur, and how earthquake energy is formed, seismologists have not had, and have not. Answering point No. 2, we can confidently say that in the matter of forecasting seismic phenomena, seismology has not advanced one iota over the past century, and as seismologists have been confused in the search for earthquake prediction algorithms, they are also confused without any hope of success. All that modern seismology can “boast” is the theory of Elastic recoil [2], the absurdity of which does not cause any doubt among the progressive part of geophysicists. But, the fact that most of the leading scientists-seismologists continue to piously believe the conclusions of the Elastic Recoil theory puts seismology in a humiliating position, because Mr. Reid’s theory is the clearest example of a false theory based on scientific incompetence of scientists, a model of brazen violation of the fundamental laws of science and the foundation of false and ignorant conclusions. Based on the results achieved, or rather on their absence, we regret to draw a sad conclusion: modern seismology is in the deepest decline, the cause of which is the incompetence of researchers as a result of their catastrophically low level of academic training, who stuff the scientific community with scientific geophysical rubbish, breeding similar ignoramuses in seismology. We understand that by asserting this, we offend most seismologists, but it is impossible to continue to tolerate this state of affairs in geophysics, because: “Amicus plato, sed magis amica est veritas.” Obviously, the time has come for a new meteorologist, Alfred Wagener [3], who will come and teach seismologists not to guess on coffee grounds, but to investigate seismic processes using the fundamental laws of science. In this article, we not only investigate the reasons for the unsatisfactory state of affairs in seismology, but also give our answers to the questions, of why earthquakes occur and how seismic energy is formed.

Fundamental kinematics laws of interstitial fluid flows on vascular walls

In the previous studies,the phenomenon that the interstitial fluid(ISF)can flow along tunica adventitia of the arteries and veins in both human and animal bodies was reported.On the basis of these studies,this paper aims to:(i)summarize the basic properties of the ISF flows in the walls of arteries and veins,(ii)combine the basic properties with axiomaticism and abstract the axiom for ISF flows,and(iii)propose three fundamental laws of the ISF flow,(i.e.,the existence law,the homotropic law and the reverse law).The three laws provide solid theoretical basement for exploring the kinematic patterns of interstitial fluid flow in the cardiovascular system.

RENEWAL OF BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES FOR POLAR CONTINUUM THEORIES(Ⅸ)—THERMOMECHANICS

The existing fundamental laws of thermodynamics for micropolar continuum field theories are restudied and their incompleteness is pointed out. New first and second fundamental laws for thermostatics and thermodynamics for micropolar continua are postulated. From them all equilibrium equations and the entropy inequality of thermostatics as well as all balance equations and the entropy rate inequalities are naturally and simultaneously deduced. The comparisons between the new results presented here and the corresponding results demonstrated in existing monographs and textbooks concerning micropolar continuum mechanics are made at any time. It should be emphasized to note that, the problem of why the local balance equation of energy and the local entropy inequality could not be obtained from the existing fundamental laws of thermodynamics for micropolar continua, is believed to be clarified.

Evolution of health law in Turkey

Turkey has always been one of the leading countries in the field of health and fundamental rights.Though Turkey is a member of many international organizations and a candidate state for the European Union,had some regulations on fundamental rights,patients rights and right to health,even before the international papers,such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,did not come into force.Turkey always follows closely to the new developments in health care technologies,that is why Turkey continues to be one of the most chosen countries in international health tourism.These improvements in health care drive Turkey to adjust its regulations related to patients'fundamental rights and right to access to health.In the 2000s,health law postgraduate programs were founded in some universities in Turkey.With these programs,research in health law has been accelerated.Turkey will be one of the leading countries in health law too in the next few years.In this study,we started with the fundamental sources of the right to health in Turkey;then we continued with current objects at issue in Turkish health law;then we gave place to the current problems of Turkish health law such as reproductive rights,problems related to organ and tissue transplantations,increasing numbers of legal cases against health care professionals,their possible solutions and the future expectations.

From Translation to Linear and Linear Canonical Transformations

In order to obtain with simplicity the known and new properties of linear canonical transformations (LCTs), we show that any relation between a couple of operators (A,B) having commutator identical to unity, called dual couple in this work, is valuable for any other dual couple, so that from the known translation operator exp(a∂x) one may obtain the explicit form and properties of a category of linear and linear canonical transformations in 2N-phase spaces. Moreover, other forms of LCTs are also obtained in this work as so as the transforms by them of functions by integrations as so as by derivations. In this way, different kinds of LCTs such as Fast Fourier, Fourier, Laplace, Xin Ma and Rhodes, Baker-Campbell-Haussdorf, Bargman transforms are found again.