According to the B-spline theory and Boehm algorithm, this paper presents several necessary and sufficient G1 continuity conditions between two adjacent B-spline surfaces. In order to meet the need of application, a k...According to the B-spline theory and Boehm algorithm, this paper presents several necessary and sufficient G1 continuity conditions between two adjacent B-spline surfaces. In order to meet the need of application, a kind of sufficient conditions of G1 continuity are developed, and a kind of sufficient conditions of G1 continuity among N(N>2) patch B-spline surfaces meeting at a common corner are given at the end.展开更多
Managing diabetes during pregnancy is challenging,given the significant risk it poses for both maternal and foetal health outcomes.While traditional methods involve capillary self-monitoring of blood glucose level mon...Managing diabetes during pregnancy is challenging,given the significant risk it poses for both maternal and foetal health outcomes.While traditional methods involve capillary self-monitoring of blood glucose level monitoring and periodic HbA1c tests,the advent of continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)systems has revolutionized the approach.These devices offer a safe and reliable means of tracking glucose levels in real-time,benefiting both women with diabetes during pregnancy and the healthcare providers.Moreover,CGM systems have shown a low rate of side effects and high feasibility when used in pregnancies complicated by diabetes,especially when paired with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump as hybrid closed loop device.Such a combined approach has been demonstrated to improve overall blood sugar control,lessen the occurrence of preeclampsia and neonatal hypoglycaemia,and minimize the duration of neonatal intensive care unit stays.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive evaluation of CGM metrics specifically tailored for pregnancies impacted by type 1 diabetes mellitus.展开更多
This paper presents a quadratic programming method for optimal multi-degree reduction of B6zier curves with G^1-continuity. The L2 and I2 measures of distances between the two curves are used as the objective function...This paper presents a quadratic programming method for optimal multi-degree reduction of B6zier curves with G^1-continuity. The L2 and I2 measures of distances between the two curves are used as the objective functions. The two additional parameters, available from the coincidence of the oriented tangents, are constrained to be positive so as to satisfy the solvability condition. Finally, degree reduction is changed to solve a quadratic problem of two parameters with linear constraints. Applications of degree reduction of Bezier curves with their parameterizations close to arc-length parameterizations are also discussed.展开更多
The Lt-norm method is one of the widely used matching filters for adaptive multiple subtraction. When the primaries and multiples are mixed together, the L1-norm method might damage the primaries, leading to poor late...The Lt-norm method is one of the widely used matching filters for adaptive multiple subtraction. When the primaries and multiples are mixed together, the L1-norm method might damage the primaries, leading to poor lateral continuity. In this paper, we propose a constrained L1-norm method for adaptive multiple subtraction by introducing the lateral continuity constraint for the estimated primaries. We measure the lateral continuity using prediction-error filters （PEF）. We illustrate our method with the synthetic Pluto dataset. The results show that the constrained L1-norm method can simultaneously attenuate the multiples and preserve the primaries.展开更多
Vitamin B_(1) is widely applied in the healthcare and food industry as an antineuritic and antioxidant to maintain the normal functioning of nerve conduction,the heart,and the gastrointestinal tract.This study reports...Vitamin B_(1) is widely applied in the healthcare and food industry as an antineuritic and antioxidant to maintain the normal functioning of nerve conduction,the heart,and the gastrointestinal tract.This study reports on an integrated eight-step continuous-flow synthesis of vitamin B_(1) from commercially available 2-cyanoacetamide.The proposed continuous-flow process is based on advances in chemistry,engineering,and equipment design,and affords improved performance and safety compared with batch-mode manufacturing.Several challenges were precisely investigated and controlled,including mixing,unexpected clogging,solvent switches,an exothermic reaction,and the prevention of side reactions,using various micro-channel flow reactors,mixers,separators,and continuous filters.Vitamin B_(1) was produced with a separated yield of 47.7% and high purity,with a total residence time of about 3.5 h.This eight-step continuous-flow protocol enables technology involving up to six of the key principles of green chemistry.Hence,the application of flow technology is of paramount importance for improving security,reducing waste,and,in particular,improving the efficiency of batch operations that require several days for manufacturing.展开更多
BACKGROUND In 2016,the Food and Drug Administration approved the first hybrid closed-loop(HCL)insulin delivery system for adults with type 1 diabetes(T1D).There is limited information on the impact of using HCL system...BACKGROUND In 2016,the Food and Drug Administration approved the first hybrid closed-loop(HCL)insulin delivery system for adults with type 1 diabetes(T1D).There is limited information on the impact of using HCL systems on patient-reported outcomes(PROs)in patients with T1D in real-world clinical practice.In this independent study,we evaluated glycemic parameters and PROs over one year of continuous use of Medtronic’s 670G HCL in real-world clinical practice.AIM To assess the effects of hybrid closed loop system on glycemic control and quality of life in adults with T1D.METHODS We evaluated 71 patients with T1D(mean age:45.5±12.1 years;59%females;body weight:83.8±18.7 kg,body mass index:28.7±5.6 kg/m2,A1C:7.6%±0.8%)who were treated with HCL at Joslin Clinic from 2017 to 2019.We measured A1C and percent of glucose time-in-range(%TIR)at baseline and 12 months.We measured percent time in auto mode(%TiAM)for the last two weeks preceding the final visit and assessed PROs through several validated quality-of-life surveys related to general health and diabetes management.RESULTS At 12 mo,A1C decreased by 0.3%±0.1%(P=0.001)and%TIR increased by 8.1%±2.5%(P=0.002).The average%TiAM was only 64.3%±32.8%and was not associated with A1C,%TIR or PROs.PROs,provided at baseline and at the end of the study,showed that the physical functioning submodule of 36Item Short-Form Health Survey increased significantly by 22.9%(P<0.001).Hypoglycemia fear survey/worry scale decreased significantly by 24.9%(P<0.000);Problem Areas In Diabetes reduced significantly by-17.2%(P=0.002).The emotional burden submodules of dietary diversity score reduced significantly by-44.7%(P=0.001).Furthermore,analysis of Clarke questionnaire showed no increase in awareness of hypoglycemic episodes.WHO-5 showed no improvements in subject’s wellbeing among participants after starting the 670G HCL system.Finally,analysis of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed no difference in sleep quality,sleep latency,or duration of sleep from baseline to 12 mo.CONCLUSION The use of HCL in real-world clinical practice for one year was associated with significant improvements in A1C,%TIR,physical functioning,hypoglycemia fear,emotional distress,and emotional burden related to diabetes management.However,these changes were not associated with time in auto mode.展开更多
目的探究胰岛素泵长期持续皮下胰岛素输注(CSII)治疗儿童1型糖尿病(T1DM)效果的影响因素。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月在泉州市妇幼保健院·儿童医院接受CSII治疗的130例T1DM患儿作为研究对象,依据病历系统记录6个月后的空腹血糖...目的探究胰岛素泵长期持续皮下胰岛素输注(CSII)治疗儿童1型糖尿病(T1DM)效果的影响因素。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月在泉州市妇幼保健院·儿童医院接受CSII治疗的130例T1DM患儿作为研究对象,依据病历系统记录6个月后的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)达标情况分为对照组(达标组,100例)、观察组(未达标组,30例),收集比较患儿相关资料,使用多因素logistic回归分析,分析胰岛素泵长期CSII治疗儿童T1DM效果的影响因素。结果两组患儿父母文化程度、家庭月收入、服药情况、胰岛素β细胞分泌指数(Homa-β)、胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,父母文化程度(β=1.159,OR=3.188,95%CI:1.372~7.403)、家庭月收入(β=1.286,OR=3.619,95%CI:1.544~8.480)、服药情况(β=1.168,OR=1.632,95%CI:1.017~3.711)为CISS对T1DM患儿治疗效果的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05),Homa-β(β=-2.383,OR=0.092,95%CI:0.015~0.552)、Homa-IR(β=-3.402,OR=0.033,95%CI:0.003~0.387)为CSII对T1DM患儿治疗效果的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论T1DM患儿长期CSII疗效的影响因素包含父母文化程度、家庭月收入、服药情况、Homa-β、Homa-IR,临床应对以上因素保持关注。展开更多
目的探讨“1+N”4C模式在糖尿病周围神经病变患者延续护理中的应用价值。方法选取2022年1月至10月在我科接受治疗的60例糖尿病周围神经病变患者,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组(30例,常规延续护理)和观察组(30例,“1+N”4C模式延续护理)...目的探讨“1+N”4C模式在糖尿病周围神经病变患者延续护理中的应用价值。方法选取2022年1月至10月在我科接受治疗的60例糖尿病周围神经病变患者,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组(30例,常规延续护理)和观察组(30例,“1+N”4C模式延续护理)。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)水平及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的健康教育知晓率高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的感觉神经传导速度(SNCV)、运动神经传导速度(MNCV)高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论“1+N”4C模式用于糖尿病周围神经病变患者延续护理中能提高血糖控制效果和健康教育知晓率,改善神经传导速度,提升患者生活质量。展开更多
文摘According to the B-spline theory and Boehm algorithm, this paper presents several necessary and sufficient G1 continuity conditions between two adjacent B-spline surfaces. In order to meet the need of application, a kind of sufficient conditions of G1 continuity are developed, and a kind of sufficient conditions of G1 continuity among N(N>2) patch B-spline surfaces meeting at a common corner are given at the end.
文摘Managing diabetes during pregnancy is challenging,given the significant risk it poses for both maternal and foetal health outcomes.While traditional methods involve capillary self-monitoring of blood glucose level monitoring and periodic HbA1c tests,the advent of continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)systems has revolutionized the approach.These devices offer a safe and reliable means of tracking glucose levels in real-time,benefiting both women with diabetes during pregnancy and the healthcare providers.Moreover,CGM systems have shown a low rate of side effects and high feasibility when used in pregnancies complicated by diabetes,especially when paired with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump as hybrid closed loop device.Such a combined approach has been demonstrated to improve overall blood sugar control,lessen the occurrence of preeclampsia and neonatal hypoglycaemia,and minimize the duration of neonatal intensive care unit stays.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive evaluation of CGM metrics specifically tailored for pregnancies impacted by type 1 diabetes mellitus.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (No. 60473130)the National Basic Research Program(973) of China (No. G2004CB318000)
文摘This paper presents a quadratic programming method for optimal multi-degree reduction of B6zier curves with G^1-continuity. The L2 and I2 measures of distances between the two curves are used as the objective functions. The two additional parameters, available from the coincidence of the oriented tangents, are constrained to be positive so as to satisfy the solvability condition. Finally, degree reduction is changed to solve a quadratic problem of two parameters with linear constraints. Applications of degree reduction of Bezier curves with their parameterizations close to arc-length parameterizations are also discussed.
基金This work is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 40874056）, Important National Science ＆ Technology Specific Projects 2008ZX05023-005-004, and the NCET Fund.Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Liu Yang, and Zhu Sheng-wang for their constructive remarks on this manuscript.
文摘The Lt-norm method is one of the widely used matching filters for adaptive multiple subtraction. When the primaries and multiples are mixed together, the L1-norm method might damage the primaries, leading to poor lateral continuity. In this paper, we propose a constrained L1-norm method for adaptive multiple subtraction by introducing the lateral continuity constraint for the estimated primaries. We measure the lateral continuity using prediction-error filters （PEF）. We illustrate our method with the synthetic Pluto dataset. The results show that the constrained L1-norm method can simultaneously attenuate the multiples and preserve the primaries.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Vitamin B_(1) is widely applied in the healthcare and food industry as an antineuritic and antioxidant to maintain the normal functioning of nerve conduction,the heart,and the gastrointestinal tract.This study reports on an integrated eight-step continuous-flow synthesis of vitamin B_(1) from commercially available 2-cyanoacetamide.The proposed continuous-flow process is based on advances in chemistry,engineering,and equipment design,and affords improved performance and safety compared with batch-mode manufacturing.Several challenges were precisely investigated and controlled,including mixing,unexpected clogging,solvent switches,an exothermic reaction,and the prevention of side reactions,using various micro-channel flow reactors,mixers,separators,and continuous filters.Vitamin B_(1) was produced with a separated yield of 47.7% and high purity,with a total residence time of about 3.5 h.This eight-step continuous-flow protocol enables technology involving up to six of the key principles of green chemistry.Hence,the application of flow technology is of paramount importance for improving security,reducing waste,and,in particular,improving the efficiency of batch operations that require several days for manufacturing.
文摘BACKGROUND In 2016,the Food and Drug Administration approved the first hybrid closed-loop(HCL)insulin delivery system for adults with type 1 diabetes(T1D).There is limited information on the impact of using HCL systems on patient-reported outcomes(PROs)in patients with T1D in real-world clinical practice.In this independent study,we evaluated glycemic parameters and PROs over one year of continuous use of Medtronic’s 670G HCL in real-world clinical practice.AIM To assess the effects of hybrid closed loop system on glycemic control and quality of life in adults with T1D.METHODS We evaluated 71 patients with T1D(mean age:45.5±12.1 years;59%females;body weight:83.8±18.7 kg,body mass index:28.7±5.6 kg/m2,A1C:7.6%±0.8%)who were treated with HCL at Joslin Clinic from 2017 to 2019.We measured A1C and percent of glucose time-in-range(%TIR)at baseline and 12 months.We measured percent time in auto mode(%TiAM)for the last two weeks preceding the final visit and assessed PROs through several validated quality-of-life surveys related to general health and diabetes management.RESULTS At 12 mo,A1C decreased by 0.3%±0.1%(P=0.001)and%TIR increased by 8.1%±2.5%(P=0.002).The average%TiAM was only 64.3%±32.8%and was not associated with A1C,%TIR or PROs.PROs,provided at baseline and at the end of the study,showed that the physical functioning submodule of 36Item Short-Form Health Survey increased significantly by 22.9%(P<0.001).Hypoglycemia fear survey/worry scale decreased significantly by 24.9%(P<0.000);Problem Areas In Diabetes reduced significantly by-17.2%(P=0.002).The emotional burden submodules of dietary diversity score reduced significantly by-44.7%(P=0.001).Furthermore,analysis of Clarke questionnaire showed no increase in awareness of hypoglycemic episodes.WHO-5 showed no improvements in subject’s wellbeing among participants after starting the 670G HCL system.Finally,analysis of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed no difference in sleep quality,sleep latency,or duration of sleep from baseline to 12 mo.CONCLUSION The use of HCL in real-world clinical practice for one year was associated with significant improvements in A1C,%TIR,physical functioning,hypoglycemia fear,emotional distress,and emotional burden related to diabetes management.However,these changes were not associated with time in auto mode.
文摘目的探究胰岛素泵长期持续皮下胰岛素输注(CSII)治疗儿童1型糖尿病(T1DM)效果的影响因素。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月在泉州市妇幼保健院·儿童医院接受CSII治疗的130例T1DM患儿作为研究对象,依据病历系统记录6个月后的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)达标情况分为对照组(达标组,100例)、观察组(未达标组,30例),收集比较患儿相关资料,使用多因素logistic回归分析,分析胰岛素泵长期CSII治疗儿童T1DM效果的影响因素。结果两组患儿父母文化程度、家庭月收入、服药情况、胰岛素β细胞分泌指数(Homa-β)、胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,父母文化程度(β=1.159,OR=3.188,95%CI:1.372~7.403)、家庭月收入(β=1.286,OR=3.619,95%CI:1.544~8.480)、服药情况(β=1.168,OR=1.632,95%CI:1.017~3.711)为CISS对T1DM患儿治疗效果的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05),Homa-β(β=-2.383,OR=0.092,95%CI:0.015~0.552)、Homa-IR(β=-3.402,OR=0.033,95%CI:0.003~0.387)为CSII对T1DM患儿治疗效果的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论T1DM患儿长期CSII疗效的影响因素包含父母文化程度、家庭月收入、服药情况、Homa-β、Homa-IR,临床应对以上因素保持关注。
文摘目的探讨“1+N”4C模式在糖尿病周围神经病变患者延续护理中的应用价值。方法选取2022年1月至10月在我科接受治疗的60例糖尿病周围神经病变患者,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组(30例,常规延续护理)和观察组(30例,“1+N”4C模式延续护理)。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)水平及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的健康教育知晓率高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的感觉神经传导速度(SNCV)、运动神经传导速度(MNCV)高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论“1+N”4C模式用于糖尿病周围神经病变患者延续护理中能提高血糖控制效果和健康教育知晓率,改善神经传导速度,提升患者生活质量。
