Expression Pattern, Interaction Network, and Functional Analysis of the Arabidopsis Botrytis Susceptible1 Interactor

E3 ubiquitin ligases are participated in numerous processes, regulating the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Botrytis susceptible1 interactor (BOI) is a RING (Really Interesting New Gene)-type E3 ligase that mediates the ubiquitination of BOS1 (Botrytis susceptible1), a transcription factor involved in stress and pathogen responses. Although BOI is an E3 ligase, there are reports to show that BOI interacts with target proteins such as DELLAs or CONSTANS to repress gibberellin responses and flowering without the degradation of the target proteins. In this article, we utilize diversified methods to comprehensively analyze the expression pattern, interaction network and function of BOI gene. Firstly, 1800 bp upstream region of BOI gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) genome was isolated, and fused GUS reporter gene. The resulting expression cassette was introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The result demonstrated that BOI gene was expressed predominantly in leaves, siliques, young roots, and flowering tissues, indicating that BOI gene may be involved in multiple processes in plant growth and development in Arabidopsis. Besides, eight candidate interacting proteins were obtained from the Arabidopsis cDNA library via yeast two-hybrid technology, including EXO70E2 (AT5G61010), WRKY7 (AT4G24240), WRKY11 (AT4G31550), WRKY17 (AT2G24570), UBP20 (AT4G17895), L5 (AT1G12290), SAUR9 (AT4G36110) and TCP21 (AT5G08330). Functional analysis of these candidate interacting proteins manifested that they related to multiple pathways, including biological and abiotic stress, programmed cell death, protein degradation, material metabolism and transcriptional regulation. In addition, the results of the transient assay proclaimed that BOI protein affects the protein stability of EXO70E2 and L5 through its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Our results provide novel clues for a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying BOI-mediated regulations.

Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction of stalk rot in two mid-altitude tropical maize populations

Maize stalk rot reduces grain yield and quality.Information about the genetics of resistance to maize stalk rot could help breeders design effective breeding strategies for the trait.Genomic prediction may be a more effective breeding strategy for stalk-rot resistance than marker-assisted selection.We performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and genomic prediction of resistance in testcross hybrids of 677 inbred lines from the Tuxpe?o and non-Tuxpe?o heterotic pools grown in three environments and genotyped with 200,681 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).Eighteen SNPs associated with stalk rot shared genomic regions with gene families previously associated with plant biotic and abiotic responses.More favorable SNP haplotypes traced to tropical than to temperate progenitors of the inbred lines.Incorporating genotype-by-environment(G×E)interaction increased genomic prediction accuracy.

G.654.E微型光缆在骨干光缆网中的应用研究

G.654.E微型光缆作为一种全新的光缆类型,尚未在国内各大运营商干线光缆网中规模应用。为了验证G.654.E微型光缆的可用性,中国联通组织了相关厂商制作样品并进行测试。深入分析了测试数据,从结构尺寸、PMD参数、机械性能、温度循环特性等7个方面论证了G.654.E微型光缆的性能指标,为该型光缆在中国联通骨干光缆网中的应用提供试验基础,同时也为其他运营商的使用提供参考。

教育硕士产教融合“U-G-S&E”育人模式探析

产教融合是教育与产业的深度合作,我国产教融合的政策经历了从职业教育到普通教育的发展。产教融合符合教育硕士人才培养的逻辑,“U-G-S&E”育人模式以高校为主导,政府提供政策引导和资金支持,中小学和企业协同参与教育硕士的培养。通过实践探索发现,“U-G-S&E”模式可以更好地激发学生提升职业能力的动力,助力学生职业生涯规划和就业,提升以赛赋能的效果,帮助高校校内导师、中小学和企业的校外导师加深对教育链、人才链与产业链、创新链有机衔接的理解,助力孵化本地企业参与遴选国家产教融合型企业,推动本地企业更好的融入国家现代教育体系建设。

HPV感染相关CIN患者血清HLA-E和HLA-G表达与疾病进展及治疗后复发的相关性

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染相关宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)患者血清人类白细胞抗原E(HLA-E)、人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)表达及临床意义。方法选取2021年6~12月在河北中石油中心医院治疗的HPV感染相关CIN患者120例作为观察组,选取同期无HPV感染的CIN患者60例作为对照组,检测两组血清HLA-E和HLA-G表达水平,分析血清HLA-E和HLA-G表达与患者临床资料、治疗后复发的关系。结果观察组血清HLA-E和HLA-G水平分别为(75.59±18.28)pg/mL和(30.20±9.92)ng/mL,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组CIN分级Ⅱ/Ⅲ级患者血清HLA-E和HLA-G分别为(83.33±13.90)pg/mL和(34.54±7.18)ng/mL,高于CIN分级Ⅰ级(P<0.05);观察组高危型HPV感染者血清HLA-E和HLA-G分别为(78.82±17.70)pg/mL和(32.23±9.43)ng/mL,高于低危型HPV感染者(P<0.05)。观察组血清HLA-E和HLA-G表达与CIN分级呈正相关(P<0.05)。复发患者治疗后1周血清HLA-E和HLA-G分别为(68.32±8.73)pg/mL和(24.43±5.58)ng/mL,高于未复发患者(P<0.05)。结论HPV感染相关CIN患者血清HLA-E和HLA-G表达与CIN分级呈正相关,同时与患者治疗后复发有一定关系。

QTL Mapping and Q×E Interactions of Grain Cooking and Nutrient Qualities in Rice Under Upland and Lowland Environments

Grain cooking and nutrient qualities are the most important components of rice （Oryza sativa L.） quality. A doubled haploid （DH） population from a cross between two japonica cultivars was used to examine the phenotypic values and potential QTLs for the quality traits. The cooking and nutrient quality traits, including the amylose content （AC）, the gel consistency （CJC）, the gelatinization temperature （GT）, and the protein content （PC）, in rice grown under upland and lowland environments were evaluated. Significant differences for AC, GC, GT, and PC between upland and lowland environments were detected. The phenotypic values of all four traits were higher under upland environment than lowland environment. The value of PC under upland environment was significantly higher （by 37.9%） than that under lowland environment. This suggests that upland cultivation had large effect on both cooking and nutrient qualifies. A total of seven QTLs and twelve pairs of QTLs were detected to have significant additive and epistatic effects for the four traits. Significant Q x E interaction effects of two QTLs and two pairs of QTLs were also discovered. The general contribution of additive QTLs ranged from 1.91% to 19.77%. The Q × E interactions of QTLs QGt3 and QAc6 accounted for 8.99% and 47.86% of the phenotypic variation, respectively, whereas those of the 2 pairs of epistatic QTLs, QAc6-QAcllb and QAc8-QAc9, accounted for 32.54% and 11.82%, respectively. Five QTLs QGt6b, QGt8, QGt11, QGcl, and QPc2, which had relatively high general contribution and no Q x E interactions, were selected to facilitate the upland rice grain quality breeding.

海南汉族和黎族人群PCSK9基因E670G多态性与急性心肌梗死的相关性

目的研究海南地区黎、汉族人群PCSK9基因E670G多态性与急性心肌梗死的相关性,为不同种族人群心肌梗死的预防、治疗提供科学基础依据。方法选取海南地区急性心肌梗死患者210例(黎族104例,汉族106例)为实验组、健康人群223名(黎族110名,汉族113名)为对照组,测定两组研究对象血清三酰甘油(triacylglycerol,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)浓度,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(polymerase chain reaction linked restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)检测PCSK9基因E670G酶切位点多态性。结果心肌梗死组患者血压、空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、TG、TC、LDL-C浓度高于健康对照组,HDL-C浓度低于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心肌梗死组患者PCSK9基因AG、GG基因型频率及G等位基因频率高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。黎族、汉族心肌梗死组患者AG、GG基因型频率、G等位基因频率均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。黎族心肌梗死组患者GG基因型频率、G等位基因频率低于汉族心肌梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。黎族、汉族健康对照组GG基因型频率、G等位基因频率比较,差异无明显统计学意义(P>0.05)。心肌梗死组中GG基因型患者的TG、TC、LDL-C浓度高于AA基因型;AG与AA、GG与AG基因型患者间TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但与AA基因型相比,G等位基因携带者有较高的TG、TC、LDL-C浓度趋势。结论海南地区黎、汉族人群PCSK9基因E670G多态性与急性心肌梗死及血脂浓度密切相关;海南地区黎、汉族人群急性心肌梗死患者PCSK9基因E670G多态性存在差异。

阴道微生态失衡联合血清HLA-G、HLA-E水平评估HSIL患者CKC术后HPV持续感染价值

目的:探究阴道微生态失衡联合血清人类白细胞抗原-G(HLA-G)、人类白细胞抗原-E(HLA-E)水平对宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变(HSIL)患者冷刀锥切(CKC)术后人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)持续感染的预测价值。方法:回顾性收集2021年1月-2022年12月本院收治HSIL患者137例临床资料,均行CKC治疗并术后随访1年,观察术后HPV持续感染情况,测定阴道微生态及血清HLA-G、HLA-E,分析阴道微生态及血清HLA-G、HLA-E水平与HPV持续感染关系以及评估价值。结果:137例术后1年内HPV持续感染31例(阳性组),HPV持续感染率为22.6%,未持续感染106例(阴性组),两组阴道pH值,阴道菌群密集度、多样性及滴虫阴道炎发生等均有差异,阳性组阴道微生态失衡率高于阴性组,血清HLA-G(19.84±3.53 ng/ml)、HLA-E(75.39±15.83 pg/ml)水平均高于阴性组(16.93±2.96 ng/ml、68.42±12.51 pg/ml),阳性组中阴道微生态失衡者血清HLA-G、HLA-E水平高于阴道微生态正常者(均P<0.05);Spearman相关分析显示,阴道微生态失衡、血清HLA-G、HLA-E水平与术后HPV持续感染呈正相关(r=0.633、0.529、0.608,均P<0.05);受试者工作特征曲线分析显示,阴道微生态失衡、血清HLA-G、HLA-E水平及联合评估术后HPV持续感染的曲线下面积分别为0.601、0.773、0.805、0.885(P<0.05)。结论:阴道微生态失衡联合血清HLA-G、HLA-E水平有对HSIL患者CKC术后HPV持续感染有一定预测价值。

Genetically modified pigs with CD163 point mutation are resistant to HP-PRRSV infection

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a globally prevalent contagious disease caused by the positive-strand RNA PRRS virus(PRRSV),resulting in substantial economic losses in the swine industry.Modifying the CD163 SRCR5 domain,either through deletion or substitution,can eff1ectively confer resistance to PRRSV infection in pigs.However,large fragment modifications in pigs inevitably raise concerns about potential adverse effects on growth performance.Reducing the impact of genetic modifications on normal physiological functions is a promising direction for developing PRRSV-resistant pigs.In the current study,we identified a specific functional amino acid in CD163 that influences PRRSV proliferation.Viral infection experiments conducted on Marc145 and PK-15CD163 cells illustrated that the mE535G or corresponding pE529G mutations markedly inhibited highly pathogenic PRRSV(HP-PRRSV)proliferation by preventing viral binding and entry.Furthermore,individual viral challenge tests revealed that pigs with the E529G mutation had viral loads two orders of magnitude lower than wild-type(WT)pigs,confirming effective resistance to HP-PRRSV.Examination of the physiological indicators and scavenger function of CD163 verified no significant differences between the WT and E529G pigs.These findings suggest that E529G pigs can be used for breeding PRRSV-resistant pigs,providing novel insights into controlling future PRRSV outbreaks.

Approaches to Detecting Gene-Environment Interactions in Human Variation Using Genetic Engineering, Remote Sensing and GIS

Elucidation of the relationships between genetic polymorphisms and environmental exposures can provide insights into the pathways and mechanisms underlying complex traits. A new approach was used to detect G×E （gene-environment） interactions involved in human skin pigmentation variation to better understand the adaptive evolution of skin pigmentation. Specifically, we used genetic engineering, remote UVR （ultraviolet radiation） sensing and GIS （geographic information systems） to integrate the analysis of genetic and environmental factors into a coherent biological framework. Since we expected to generate large datasets for this multidimensional analysis, we used PCA （principal components analysis） as a spatial statistical analysis technique for analyzing the G×E interactions. The results suggest that skin pigmentation may be affected by mutations induced by UVR and support the hypothesis that global variation in skin pigmentation may be the result of localized adaptation to different UVR conditions via natural selection. Analyzing the relationships between heterozygous frequencies for SNP （single nucleotide polymorphism） loci and seasonal UVR levels as the environment changes will help elucidate the selective mechanisms involved in the UVR-induced evolution of skin pigmentation. Skin pigmentation fulfills the criteria for a successful evolutionary G×E interactions model.

G.654.E光纤应用场景研究

G.654.E光纤是ITU-T在2016年提出的新型光纤类别,近年来在新建的长途干线线路中逐步得到应用。为研究G.654.E光纤的应用场景,本文结合G.654.E光纤的传输特点,分析了WDM系统采用G.654.E光纤时对复用段OSNR的影响,再从传输容量和传输距离两方面对G.654.E光纤的优势进行了研究,最后针对G.654.E光纤的应用场景提出建议。

G.654.E光纤谱衰减性能测试研究

本文讨论了光纤衰减的测量规范,并基于截断法测量G.654.E光纤的谱衰减。讨论了光纤中高阶模对测量准确性的影响,设计了几种高阶模滤除方式,应用于不同厂家的G.654.E光纤,最终提出较优的谱衰减测量方案。

以IgE和嗜酸粒细胞升高伴多发淋巴结肿大为主要表现的IgG4相关性疾病1例报告

目的探讨以IgE和嗜酸粒细胞升高伴多发淋巴结肿大为主要表现的IgG4相关性疾病的临床特点和治疗方案。方法回顾性分析1例以IgE和嗜酸粒细胞升高伴多发淋巴结肿大为主要表现的IgG4相关性疾病患者的临床资料、诊疗经过并复习相关文献。结果患者男性,24岁,双侧腹股沟淋巴结肿大2年余入院。结合临床表现、血IgG4检验、病理结果,诊断为IgG4相关性疾病。治疗方案给予强的松20 mg,1次/日,枸橼酸托法替布片5 mg,2次/日,根据复查血检验指标和超声结果调整剂量,最终随访患者症状明显改善。结论lgG4相关性疾病常表现为显著升高的血清IgG4水平和肿块样病灶,合并IgE和嗜酸粒细胞升高的较少见,但近期研究发现IgE和嗜酸性粒细胞在IgG4相关性疾病中发挥了重要作用。治疗方案以糖皮质激素为一线药物,靶向药物如托法替布可能有潜在的治疗作用,拓展了IgG4相关性疾病治疗的新思路。

Home Monitoring of Estrone-3-Glucuronide (E1-3G) Levels in Two Different Ovarian Stimulation Protocols: A Pilot Study

Background: Studies have shown a strong correlation between the growth of E2 in serum and estrone-3-glucuronide (E1-3G) in urine during ovarian stimulation. Thus, we developed theoretical models for using urinary E1-3G in ovarian stimulation and focused on their experimental verification and analysis. Methods: A prospective, observational pilot study was conducted involving 54 patients who underwent 54 cycles of ovarian stimulation. The goal was to establish the growth rate of urinary E1-3G during the course of stimulation and to determine the daily upper and lower limits of growth rates at which stimulation is appropriate and safe. Controlled ovarian stimulation was performed using two different stimulation protocols—an antagonist protocol in 25 cases and a progestin-primed ovarian stimulation protocol (PPOS) in 29 cases, with fixed doses of gonadotropins. From the second day of stimulation, patients self-measured their daily urine E1-3G levels at home using a portable analyzer. In parallel, a standard ultrasound follow-up protocol accompanied by a determination of E2, LH, and P levels was applied to optimally control stimulation. Results: The average daily growth rates in both groups were about 50%. The daily increase in E1-3G for the antagonist protocol ranged from 14% to 79%, while they were 28% to 79% for the PPOS protocol. Conclusion: This is the first study to analyze the dynamics of E1-3G in two different protocols and to estimate the limits of its increase during the entire course of the stimulation. The results confirm our theoretical model for the viability of using urinary E1-3G for monitoring ovarian stimulation.

G.654E光纤光缆在省际干线中的应用研究

随着通信技术的迅猛发展,对光纤光缆传输性能的要求也越来越高。G.654E光纤光缆作为一种新型的光纤传输介质,具有低损耗、大有效截面等优点,逐渐成为省际干线传输的理想选择。文章对G.654E光纤光缆的特性进行分析,与之前的光纤光缆进行对比,探讨其在省际干线中的应用优势。

The interaction of versican with its binding partners

Versican belongs to the family of the large aggregating chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans located primarily within the extracellular matrix （ECM）. Versican, like other members of its family, has unique N- and C-terminal globular regions, each with multiple motifs. A large glycosaminoglycan-binding region lies between them. This review will begin by outlining these structures, in the context of ECM proteoglycans. The diverse binding partners afforded to versican by virtue of its modular design will then be examined. These include ECM components, such as hyaluronan, type Ⅰ collagen, tenascin-R, fibulin-1, and -2, fibrillin-1, fibronectin, P- and L-selectins, and chemokines. Versican also binds to the cell surface proteins CD44, integrin β1, epidermal growth factor receptor, and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. These multiple interactors play important roles in cell behaviour, and the roles of versican in modulating such processes are discussed.

Interaction of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T,cytochrome P4502E1 polymorphism and environment factors in esophageal cancer in Kazakh population

AIM： To evaluate the association and interaction of genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHER） and cytochrome P4502E1 （CY- P4502E1）, environment risk factors with esophageal cancer （EC） in Kazakh, a high EC incidence area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. METHODS： A 1：2 matched case-control study was conducted with 120 cases of EC and 240 populationor hospital-based controls. The controls were matched for sex, nationality, area of residence and age within a 5-year difference. MTHER and CYP4502E1 genotypes were identified by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）. A conditional logistic regression model was established to identify risk factors. The strata method was adopted in interaction analysis. RESULTS： Low consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, alcohol drinking, and unsafe water （shallow well, or river） were found to be the risk factors for EC. Individuals with the MTHFR677 （C/T ＋ T/T） genotype had a 2.62-fold （95% CI： 1.61-4.28） risk of developing EC compared with those who carried the C/C genotype. Individuals with the CYP4502EIC1/C1 genotype had a 3.00-fold （95% CI： 1.82-4.96） risk compared with those who carried the CYP4502E1 （C1/C2 ＋ C2/C2） genotype. Gene-environment interaction analysis showed that MTHFR677 gene polymorphism was correlated with consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruit, while CYP4502E1 C1/C1 was correlated with alcohol drinking and unsafe drinking water. MTHFR and CYP4502E1 analysis of gene-gene interaction showed that individuals with the MTHFR677 （C/T ＋ T/T） and CYP4502EIC1/ C1 genotypes had a 7.41-fold （95% CI： 3.60-15.25） risk of developing EC compared with those who carried the MTHFR677C/C and CYP4502E1 RsaI C1/C2 ＋ C2/C2 genes, and the interaction rate was higher than that of the two factors alone. CONCLUSION： Low consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, alcohol drinking, and unsafe water （shallow well, or river） and polymorphisms in MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes are important risk factors for EC. There is a synergistic interaction among polymorphisms in MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes and environment factors. MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes can be used as biomarkers for prevention of EC in Kazakh, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.

Effect of Decadal Changes in Air-Sea Interaction on the Climate Mean State over the Tropical Pacific

Collaboration of interannual variabilities and the climate mean state determines the type of E1 Nifio. Recent studies highlight the impact of a La Nifia-like mean state change, which acts to suppress the convection and low-level convergence over the central Pacific, on the predominance of central Pacific （CP） E1 Nifio in the most recent decade. However, how interannual variabilities affect the climate mean state has been less thoroughly investigated. Using a linear shallow-water model, the ef- fect of decadal changes of air-sea interaction on the two types of El Nifio and the climate mean state over the tropical Pacific is examined. It is demonstrated that the predominance of the eastem Pacific （EP） and CP E1 Nino is dominated mainly by relationships between anomalous wind stresses and sea surface temperature （SST）. Furthermore, changes between air-sea interactions from 1980-98 to 1999-2011 prompted the generation of the La Ninalike pattern, which is similar to the background change in the most recent decade.

BINDING AND INTERACTION OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR HUMAN DAXX WITH ADENOVIRUS12 E1B 55 KILODALTON ONCOPROTEIN

Objective: To study the disruption of co- localization of human Daxx(hDaxx) with promyelocytic leukemia protein(PML) at the PML oncogenic domains (PODs) by the interaction of hDaxx with adenovirus(Ad) 12 E1B 55 Kilodalton Oncoprotein (Ad12 E1B 55kD). Methods: The direct binding reaction of hDaxx and Ad12 E1B 55kD was analyzed by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blotting in vivo or in vitro. The interaction of hDaxx with Ad12 E1B 55kD was studied using yeast two-hybrid assay. Results: hDaxx bounded directly to Ad12 E1B 55kD in vivo and in vitro. hDaxx interacted with full length Ad12 E1B 55kD. Conclusion: Transcriptional regulator hDaxx directly binds to and interacts with Ad12 E1B 55kD.

Interaction among Rb/p16, Rb/E2F1 and HDAC1 Proteins in Gallbladder Carcinoma

The mechanism and interaction among Rb/p16, Rb/E2F1 and HDAC1 proteins in gallbladder carcinoma were investigated. By using the immunoprecipitation method, the interactions among Rb, p16, E2F1, HDAC1 proteins in gallbladder carcinoma cell line （Mz-ChA-1） were studied. It was found that there were Rb and E2F1 proteins in the precipitates with anti-HDAC1, and there were HDAC1 and E2F1 proteins in the precipitate with anti-Rb. It was concluded that there are specific interactions among Rb, HDAC1 and E2F1 proteins in gallbladder carcinoma, indicating the existence of the direct Rb/E2F1/HDAC1 signal transduction pathway. There is no direct relationship between p16 proteins with Rb, HDAC1, and E2F1 proteins.