This study presents the development of a comprehensive three-dimensional groundwater flow model for the Erbil Basin utilizing the Groundwater Modeling System(GMS).The Erbil Basin,situated in the Kurdistan Region of Ir...This study presents the development of a comprehensive three-dimensional groundwater flow model for the Erbil Basin utilizing the Groundwater Modeling System(GMS).The Erbil Basin,situated in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq,is a vital water resource area facing increasing water demands and environ-mental challenges.The three-dimensional nature of the groundwater flow system is crucial for accurately understanding and managing water resources in the basin.The modeling process involved data collection,geological and hydrogeological characterization,conceptual model development,and numerical simulation using GMS software MODFLOW 2000 package.Various parameters such as hydraulic conductivity,recharge rates,and boundary conditions were integrated into the model to represent the complex hydrogeo-logical conditions of the basin.Model calibration was performed by comparing simulated groundwater levels with observed data from monitoring wells across the basin,using the automatic calibration method of automated Parameter Estimation(PEST).Pilot points were applied to adjust the hydraulic conductivity in the model area spatially.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the influence of key parameters on model predictions and to identify areas of uncertainty.The developed three-dimensional groundwater flow model provides valuable insights into the dynamics of groundwater flow,recharge-discharge mechanisms,and potential impacts of future scenarios such as climate change and water resource management strategies.It serves as a useful tool for decision-makers,water resource managers,and researchers to evaluate differ-ent management scenarios and formulate sustainable groundwater management policies for the Erbil Basin.In conclusion,this study demonstrates the effectiveness of using GMS for developing three-dimensional groundwater flow models in complex hydrogeological settings like the Erbil Basin,contributing to improved understanding and management of groundwater resources in the region.展开更多
详细介绍了先进的地下水流模型模拟软件包GMS(ground water modeling system)在地下水流模拟中的优点和进行模拟的方法步骤以及在模拟中需要明确参数的水文地质意义、进行插值计算时需要人工校正等需要注意的问题。利用GMS软件完成了苏...详细介绍了先进的地下水流模型模拟软件包GMS(ground water modeling system)在地下水流模拟中的优点和进行模拟的方法步骤以及在模拟中需要明确参数的水文地质意义、进行插值计算时需要人工校正等需要注意的问题。利用GMS软件完成了苏锡常地区的地下水流模型模拟,并在此基础上针对苏锡常地区地下水超采严重、环境地质问题突出的实际情况,提出了两个开采的预报方案,得出苏锡常地区地下水超采区应严格控制地下水的开采,非超采区按照2000年开采量的75%开采地下水量,非超采区的承压水位可以控制在-20 m范围内的结论。展开更多
文摘This study presents the development of a comprehensive three-dimensional groundwater flow model for the Erbil Basin utilizing the Groundwater Modeling System(GMS).The Erbil Basin,situated in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq,is a vital water resource area facing increasing water demands and environ-mental challenges.The three-dimensional nature of the groundwater flow system is crucial for accurately understanding and managing water resources in the basin.The modeling process involved data collection,geological and hydrogeological characterization,conceptual model development,and numerical simulation using GMS software MODFLOW 2000 package.Various parameters such as hydraulic conductivity,recharge rates,and boundary conditions were integrated into the model to represent the complex hydrogeo-logical conditions of the basin.Model calibration was performed by comparing simulated groundwater levels with observed data from monitoring wells across the basin,using the automatic calibration method of automated Parameter Estimation(PEST).Pilot points were applied to adjust the hydraulic conductivity in the model area spatially.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the influence of key parameters on model predictions and to identify areas of uncertainty.The developed three-dimensional groundwater flow model provides valuable insights into the dynamics of groundwater flow,recharge-discharge mechanisms,and potential impacts of future scenarios such as climate change and water resource management strategies.It serves as a useful tool for decision-makers,water resource managers,and researchers to evaluate differ-ent management scenarios and formulate sustainable groundwater management policies for the Erbil Basin.In conclusion,this study demonstrates the effectiveness of using GMS for developing three-dimensional groundwater flow models in complex hydrogeological settings like the Erbil Basin,contributing to improved understanding and management of groundwater resources in the region.
文摘详细介绍了先进的地下水流模型模拟软件包GMS(ground water modeling system)在地下水流模拟中的优点和进行模拟的方法步骤以及在模拟中需要明确参数的水文地质意义、进行插值计算时需要人工校正等需要注意的问题。利用GMS软件完成了苏锡常地区的地下水流模型模拟,并在此基础上针对苏锡常地区地下水超采严重、环境地质问题突出的实际情况,提出了两个开采的预报方案,得出苏锡常地区地下水超采区应严格控制地下水的开采,非超采区按照2000年开采量的75%开采地下水量,非超采区的承压水位可以控制在-20 m范围内的结论。
