基于Ga:YIG晶体的新型光纤电流传感器

基于磁致旋光介质的法拉第磁光效应,设计了一种光纤电流传感器。核心部件采用了Ga:YIG磁光晶体。通过实验测试,得到其在室温下的维尔德系数为550rad.T-1.m-1,是普通YIG晶体的50多倍。预期通过进一步的完善,该装置能够用于电力系统中大电流的实时测量。

熔盐法生长超低磁矩Ga-YIG单晶

熔盐法生长超低磁矩ＧａＹＩＧ单晶李淑华（西南应用磁学研究所，绵阳６２１０００）ＧｒｏｗｔｈｏｆＹＧａＩＧＣｒｙｓｔａｌｓｗｉｔｈＬｏｗＭａｇｎｅｔｉｚａｔｉｏｎｂｙＦｌｕｘＭｅｔｈｏｄＬｉＳｈｕｈｕａ（ＳｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｐｐ...

Numerical simulation and experimental verification of axial-directional crystallization purification process for high-purity gallium

A transient numerical model was applied to simulating the axial-directional crystallization purification(ADCP) process of gallium(Ga) raw material at different coolant temperatures(Tc), and the evolutions of melt/crystal(m/c) interface shape, temperature distribution and thermal stresses were simulated and analyzed. The results showed that the m/c interface shape, temperature distribution, and thermal stress in the Ga material were determined by the Tc in the crystallizer during the ADCP process. The temperature gradient and thermal stress in the grown Ga crystal increased with decreasing Tc. At Tc=15 ℃, the m/c interface shape was flat, and the temperature gradient was ideal. Therefore, the Ga materials with lower thermal stresses and suitable m/c interface shape, and an ideal efficiency of impurity removal were obtained. The purity of Ga reached 6 N standard by using ADCP process repeated 6 times at Tc of 15 ℃. The results of the simulation showed good agreement with the experimental results.

Preparation and Characterization of Gd_3Sc_2Ga_3O_(12) Polycrystalline Material by Co-Precipitation Method

Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 polycrystalline material for single crystal growth was prepared with Ga, Gd2O3 and Sc2O3 as starting materials and aqueous ammonia as the precipitator by co-precipitation method. The precursors sintered at various temperatures were characterized by infrared spectra （IR）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and transmitted electron microscopy （TEM）. The results showed that pure GSGG phase could be obtained at 900 ℃. The sintered powders were well-dispersed and less-aggregated in the sintered temperature range of 900 - 1000 ℃. XRD and TEM show that the polycrystalline particle sizes of the polycrystalline powders were about 20 - 50 nm. Compared with the method that Ga2O3, Gd2O3 and Sc2O3 were mixed directly and sintered to get polycrystalline materials, the synthesized temperature was lower and sintered time was shorter. Thus co-precipitation was a good method to synthesize GSGG polycrystalline material.

Effect of temperature on photoresponse properties of solar-blind Schottky barrier diode photodetector based on single crystal Ga_2O_3

A solar-blind photodetector is fabricated on single crystal Ga_2O_3 based on vertical structure Schottky barrier diode. A Cu Schottky contact electrode is prepared in a honeycomb porous structure to increase the ultraviolet(UV) transmittance.The quantum efficiency is about 400% at 42 V. The Ga_2O_3 photodetector shows a sharp cutoff wavelength at 259 nm with high solar-blind/visible(= 3213) and solar-blind/UV(= 834) rejection ratio. Time-resolved photoresponse of the photodetector is investigated at 253-nm illumination from room temperature(RT) to 85.8℃. The photodetector maintains a high reversibility and response speed, even at high temperatures.

Distributions of crystals and gas bubbles in reservoir ice during growth period

In order to understand the dominant factors of the physical properties of ice in ice thermodynamics and mechanics, in-situ observations of ice growth and decay processes were carried out. Two samplings were conducted in the fast and steady ice growth stages. Ice pieces were used to observe ice crystals and gas bubbles in ice, and to measure the ice density. Vertical profiles of the type and size of ice crystals, shape and size of gas bubbles, and gas bubble content, as well as the ice density, were obtained. The results show that the upper layer of the ice pieces is granular ice and the lower layer is columnar ice; the average crystal size increases with the ice depth and remains steady in the fast and steady ice growth stages; the shape of gas bubbles in the upper layer of ice pieces is spherical with higher total content, and the shape in the middle and lower layers is cylinder with lower total content; the gas bubble size and content vary with the ice growth stage; and the ice density decreases with the increase of the gas bubble content.

Experimental Study on Preparation of Natural Gas Hydrate by Crystallization

In this paper, the saturated solution crystallization method is proposed to promote the formation of hydrate by means of the known similarities between the hydrate formation process and the crystallization process. In this method,adding the second phase crystals was used to replace the spontaneous formation of hydrate crystal nuclei to form hydrate.The effects of saturated Na_2SO_4, MgSO_4, NH_4HCO_3 and CuSO_4 solutions on the formation rates of natural gas hydrate and gas storage capacity were investigated. The results showed that the saturated solution had an influence on the hydrate formation process. Under the given experimental conditions, the saturated Na_2SO_4 solution showed a highest increase in the hydrate formation rate, and the average hydrate formation rate in its presence was 11.8 times higher than that obtained in the deionized water. Moreover, the largest formation rate of gas hydrates observed in the saturated Na_2SO_4 solution was 386 times bigger than that in the deionized water, and the gas storage capacity increased by 10 times. In addition, the average hydrate formation rate in the saturated Mg SO_4 solution was faster than that in water by 20 times. The largest formation rate of gas hydrates in the saturated MgSO_4 solution was 165 times faster than that obtained in the deionized water, and the gas storage capacity increased by 6.2 times. The saturated NH_4HCO_3 and saturated CuSO_4 solutions also influenced the formation process of hydrate. Therefore, the crystallization method of saturated solution can be used to achieve a highefficiency preparation of natural gas hydrates, which provides theoretical guidance for the storage of natural gas in the form of hydrate.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Gas Adsorption of a Trimeric Nickel-based Coordination Polymer

A trimeric porous coordination framework [Ni_3(TPTC)(IN)_2(μ_2-H_2O)_2(CH_3OH)_2)]n· x(solvents)(1, TPTC = terphenyl-3,3?,5,5??-tetracarboxylic acid, IN = isonicotinic acid) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 33739(12), b = 14.820(5), c = 13.568(5) ?, β = 97.388(6)o, V = 6728(4) ?3, Z = 4, Mr = 965.35, Dc = 0.953 g·cm^(-3), F(000) = 1955.5, μ = 0.881 mm^(–1), GOOF = 1.072, the final R = 0.0859 and w R = 0.2424 for 5284 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The structure of 1 is constructed from the linkage of trinuclear {Ni_3} second building units through TPTC and IN spacers, forming a 4,8-connected network of Schl?fli symbol {32.42.52}{34.46.58.68.72}. The CO2 uptake values for 1 are 97.9 m^2·g^(-1) at 273 K and 66.2 m^2·g^(-1) at 298 K, while its N_2 adsorption values are 8.5 m^2·g^(-1) at 273 K and 4.9 m^2·g^(-1) at 298 K, respectively. These results show that 1 has high CO_2/N_2 adsorption selectivity at ambient conditions.

基于磁控溅射制备的YIG薄膜结构与磁性能

使用射频磁控溅射在衬底上沉积了纳米级YIG薄膜,借助X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计、铁磁共振等研究了溅射气压、溅射功率和退火温度对于所制薄膜结构与磁性能的影响,并基于唯象方程拟合出薄膜样品的Gilbert阻尼系数。

Crystallization behavior of Ni_(54)Mn_(25.1)Ga_(20.9) ferromagnetic shape memory thin film

NiMnGaferromagnetic shape memory thin film was deposited onto Al foil using r.f.magnetron sputtering technique.The crystallization behavior of the film was investigated by XRD and DSC.The activation energy of crystallization of the film was calculated by Kissinger’s method.The results show that the crystallization temperature of NiMnGafree-standing thin film in martensite state is 372 ℃,and the activation energy of crystallization is about 191.9 kJ·mol-1.

Crystal Growth and Properties of Co^(2+) doped Y_3Sc_2Ga_3O_(12) Single Crystal

Single crystal of cobalt (Co)-doped Y3Sc2Ga3O12 (YSGG) with the dimensions up to Φ20×40 mm3 and undoped YSGG crystal with the dimensions up to Φ28×60 mm3 have been grown using the Czochralski technique. The structure of the crystal was characterized by the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) method. The absorbance spectra of the crystal shows that it has strong absorption bands at 606 and 1540 nm. The results indicate that the crystal Y3Sc2Ga3O12 may be a kind of good Q-switch material.

Synthesis and Properties of New Infrared Nonlinear Optical Li_2Ga_2GeS_6 Crystal

IR Li2Ga2GeS6 nonlinear crystals were directly obtained with the composition of 40GeS2- 30Ga2Ss-30LieS, by the conventional melt-quenching method. The high depth digital image indicated that the obtained LizGa2GeS6 crystals showed a big size of 0.3 × 0.25 × 0.3 mm3. It was shown that the compound was very suscepfive to H20 with second harmonic observation. Besides, the glass-forming region of GeS2-Ga2S3- Li2S system was further studied by the conventional melt-quenching method.GeS2-Ga2S3-Li2S glass-ceramics containing IR Li2Ga2GeS6 nonlinear nanocrystals were obtained at a more carefully controlled heating rate.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Gas Adsorption of a Two-fold Interpenetrated Three-dimensional Framework {[Cd(2-NO_2-BDC)(4,4？-DPA)]·(DMF)}_n

The reaction of Cd（NO_3）_2·4H_2O with 4,4？-dipyridylacetylene（4,4？-DPA） and 2-nitroterephthalic acid（2-NO_2-H_2BDC） in DMF/H_2O mixed solvent has afforded a compound {[Cd（2-NO_2-BDC）（4,4？-DPA）]·（DMF）}_n（1）. Compound 1 has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry analysis, and IR spectrum. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 12.1488（3）, b = 14.6689（3）, c = 13.1615（3） ？, β = 111.809（3）o, V = 2177.63（9） ？~3, Z = 4, C_（23）H_（18）N_4O_7 Cd, M_r = 574.81, D_c = 1.753 g/cm^3, μ = 8.523 mm^（-1）, F（000） = 1152, the final R = 0.0411 and wR = 0.1064 for 3589 observed reflections with I 〉 2s（I）. In compound 1, the Cd（Ⅱ） ions are linked by the carboxylate groups of 2-NO_2-BDC ligands to give a two-dimensional layered structure based on the centrosymmetric dinuclear Cd_2（COO）_2 units, which are further connected by the 4,4？-DPA ligands to produce a three-dimensional framework with pcu topology. Careful examination revealed that compound 1 is a 2-fold interpenetrating framework. Furthermore, the gas adsorption properties of 1 for N_2 and CO_2 have also been investigated.

Spectroscopy and Energy Transfer in Yb^(3+) and Tm^(3+) Co-doped Gd_3Ga_5O_(12) Crystal

Yb3＋/Tm3＋ co-doped Gd3Ga5O12 single crystal with a dimension of Φ30mm×20mm was grown successfully by Czochralski method.The absorption spectrum was recorded at room temperature and used to calculate the absorption cross-section.Based on the Judd-Ofelt（J-O） theory,we obtained the three intensity parameters and spectral parameters of this crystal,such as the line strengths,oscillator strengths,radiative probabilities and radiative lifetimes as well as the fluorescent branching ratios.Room temperature fluorescence spectra and luminescence decay curves were recorded.The energy transfer between Yb3＋-Tm3＋ was observed and the mechanism was discussed.The stimulated emission cross-section of the 3F4→3H6 transition was calculated by the Füchtbauer-Ladenburg（F-L） equation.The potential laser gains for this transition were also investigated.This crystal is promising as a tunable infrared laser crystal at 2.0 μm.

Trace Level Gas Sensing Characteristics of Nano-Crystalline Silver Decamolybdate

A soft-chemical method has been developed for the synthesis of nano-crystalline powders of silver decamolybdate. Gas sensing characteristics of this composition both in porous pellet and thin film configurations were investigated. The compound Ag6Mo10O33 was found to sense selectively ammonia at 503 K. Above 503 K it has significant cross sensitivity to petroleum gas (PG). Spin coated thin films exhibited selective sensing towards PG.

Purification of Produced Water from a Sour Oilfield in South Kuwait. 2. Oil-Water Separation and Crystallization of Calcium Carbonate

Oil-water separation for produced water (PW) originating from an oil extraction site in South Kuwait was carried out using bleached, esterified cellulosic material from used coffee grounds. Thereafter, earth-alkaline metal ions, specifically calcium ions, of the de-oiled PW were removed by precipitation with sodium carbonate to give access to pure sodium chloride as industrial salt from the remaining PW. While the purity of the precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3) depends on the precipitation conditions, CaCO3 of up to 95.48% purity can be obtained, which makes it a salable product. The precipitation of CaCO3 decreases the amount of calcium ions in PW from 11,300 ppm to 84 ppm.

超临界CO_2GAS沉析HMX过程的颗粒形貌控制

文章研究了超临界CO2GAS沉析HMX丙酮溶液过程的颗粒形貌控制。研究结果表明,GAS过程中不同的膨胀方式,可以得到不同的沉析颗粒大小和尺寸分布。当溶液持续膨胀时,得到多种粒度尺寸的颗粒,尺寸分布宽;当溶液从开始到5.0MPa,维持20s后再上升到10.0MPa分段膨胀时,得到平均粒度在3.1μm和9.5μm分段的颗粒尺寸和分布。快速膨胀溶液,可以在短时间内产生高过饱和度,根据吉普斯自由能理论,当溶液的过饱和度主要消耗在成核过程时,可以得到平均颗粒度为5.2μm、粒度分布比较窄的HMX颗粒,降低溶液初始浓度,可得到更小的颗粒。溶液的初始浓度增加,在相同膨胀度的情况下,单位体积内新相颗粒密度增加,使颗粒增长比较明显。GAS过程中,温度对过饱和度的影响相对比较小,与传统的结晶过程一样,温度是影响晶形的主要因素,当操作温度超过50℃或增压膨胀、沉析结晶放热引起的局部温度过高时,都会产生α HMX,适当搅拌可以防止局部过热以防止α HMX产生。

掺Ga高效单晶硅太阳电池抑制光衰研究

P型掺B单晶硅制作的太阳电池光照10h后产生3％～6％的效率衰减。该文制备常规掺B和不同掺Ga剂量的P〈100〉单晶硅并切片制备高效晶硅太阳电池，对硅片物理参数和电池光伏特性参数进行测试对比分析。用标准模拟光源对样品电池分别进行光衰实验对比，结果证实：掺Ga单晶硅太阳电池不仅能保持与掺B单晶电池相同的光电转换效率，而且能强烈地抑制光衰。

Ga^(3+):KTP晶体c向电导率的研究

采用ICP-AES法测定了Ga3+:KTP晶体中掺质Ga3+离子含量,并由此得出Ga3+离子在相应晶体生长体系中的平均分配系数为0.0373;采用静电计和多频测试仪测定并计算出Ga3+:KTP晶体c向的电导率,将其与纯KTP晶体者进行比较。结果发现,Ga3+:KTP晶体c向电导率比纯KTP晶体c向电导率在交流情况下最大降低了两个数量级以上。文中对晶体c向电导率的降低机理进行了探讨。

YIG 单晶器件在现代通信系统及其测量中的应用

简要介绍现代通信技术的发展趋势及国内外研究开发的动向，较详尽地说明了ＹＩＧ单晶器件的特点，与半导体同类器件的比较，及其在系统中的作用，列举出它们在ＱＡＭ数字无线电系统、卫星通信、ＶＳＡＴ地面站及通信系统测量等方面的应用实例。