The World Cup is almost upon us and although the tourname nt in China is synonymous with failure to qualify,there is one other thing that always goes hand in hand with the beautiful game...beer.
is it a bird?Is it a plane?No,it kind of looks like a waffle maker,but doesn't have the classic ridges that make waffles.This cooking gadget can make pancakes,steaks,baozi,toasted sandwiches and pretty much anythi...is it a bird?Is it a plane?No,it kind of looks like a waffle maker,but doesn't have the classic ridges that make waffles.This cooking gadget can make pancakes,steaks,baozi,toasted sandwiches and pretty much anything else.While putting a name on this all-in-one device certainly isn't the easiest,we still thought its practicality made it a worthy addition to this month's Galley Gadgets.展开更多
You've just moved to China or youVe just moved into a new apartment and you're shocked to see it.Sitting there in all its glory,a black shiny dishwasher.You open it up and see there's lots of space,you cou...You've just moved to China or youVe just moved into a new apartment and you're shocked to see it.Sitting there in all its glory,a black shiny dishwasher.You open it up and see there's lots of space,you could not wash the dishes for days and still look like a respectable person.展开更多
From now through late August,Pearl Lam Galleries lends itself to a dynamic group exhibition featuring artwork from 18 emerging Chinese artists,each of whom are grappling with the concept of‘the Inexplicable’.
Objective:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone disease.Despite its success,approximately 10%of patients may experience persistent biliary symptoms,leading to t...Objective:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone disease.Despite its success,approximately 10%of patients may experience persistent biliary symptoms,leading to the post-cholecystectomy syndrome.A remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones is one of the causes of this syndrome.The objective of this study was to shed light on the clinical manifestations,evaluation,therapeutic strategies,and outcomes associated with laparoscopic management of symptomatic remnant gallbladders.Methods:This was a retrospective study,conducted over a five-year period(January 2017 to December 2022)at Apollo Hospitals in South India.All patients who underwent laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for a remnant gall bladder were included.The following data were collected:patient demographics,symptoms,preoperative investigations,intraoperative details and post operative outcomes.Results:In total,36 patients were included and analysed.The majority of patients were male(25,69.4%),with a mean age of 50.7±12.1 years.The most common presentation was pain in the upper abdomen or right upper quadrant region(24,66.7%).The laparoscopic approach was attempted in all patients,with a success rate of 94.4%.Two patients required conversion to open surgery.Cholecystoenteric fistula to the colon was observed in one patient.Choledocholithiasis was observed in 7 patients(19.4%),and stone clearance was successfully achieved using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in all patients preoperatively.Conclusion:Incomplete gall bladder removal either intentionally or unintentionally leaves a remnant gall bladder that is at risk for stone formation and infection.Patients who have this clinical entity with symptoms require a redo or complete cholecystectomy,a complex procedure associated with certain risks.This study highlights the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for the management of remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones.展开更多
基于Le Gall 5/3滤波器提出了一种逐行小波变换方法,处理器从图像节点SD卡逐行读出图像信息,完成多级变换后将变换结果行写入SD卡。该方法 SRAM内存需求低,且仅涉及定点整数乘法、加法及移位操作。应用所提方法对一幅256像素×256...基于Le Gall 5/3滤波器提出了一种逐行小波变换方法,处理器从图像节点SD卡逐行读出图像信息,完成多级变换后将变换结果行写入SD卡。该方法 SRAM内存需求低,且仅涉及定点整数乘法、加法及移位操作。应用所提方法对一幅256像素×256像素仔猪灰度图像进行小波变换实验,结果表明,该方法以合理的定点运算代价换取了3.968 KB的SRAM开销以及8.718 s的时间开销。为基于小波变换的WMSN节点图像压缩奠定了基础,使农业生产图像在低带宽WMSN上高效传输成为可能。展开更多
[ Objective ] The paper is to explore the breeding of rice gall midge. [ Method ] The morphological characteristics, living habits, breeding method and resistance identification of rice gall midge are introduced. [ Re...[ Objective ] The paper is to explore the breeding of rice gall midge. [ Method ] The morphological characteristics, living habits, breeding method and resistance identification of rice gall midge are introduced. [ Result] TN1 can be used as feedstuff to feed rice gall midge, and water should be sprayed to keep moisture during the breeding process. The damage caused by mice, rice planthopper, ants and spiders during the breeding process should be paid attention, mice and ants can be controlled by water insulation method, rice planthopper and spiders can be controlled by tap water rinsing method and artificial capture method, respec- tively. [ Conlcusion] The study provides reference for further study on rice gall midge.展开更多
[ Objective ] The paper was to isolate and preliminarily identify the antibacterial active substances of antagonistic actinomyeete strain G19 obtained from the soil highly affected by peach crown gall （Agrobacterium ...[ Objective ] The paper was to isolate and preliminarily identify the antibacterial active substances of antagonistic actinomyeete strain G19 obtained from the soil highly affected by peach crown gall （Agrobacterium tumefaciens）. [ Method] The antibacterial substances of antagonistic actinomycete strain G19 were ex- tracted using protein precipitation method, then isolated and purified using high performance liquid chromatography and medium-pressure preparative chromatogra- phy. Its molecular weight was determined by MALDI-TOFMS method, and the related functional groups were verified through chemical color reaction. [ Result] Seven peptide portions were produced from the antibacterial substances of antagonistic actinomycete strain G19 with the molecular weights of 900 - 1 300 Da after isolation and purification. It could be also inferred that it contained Cys, and carried with H2O and Na＋. Color reaction of functional groups verified that the sub- stance was polypeptide containing glycosyl. [ Conclusion] The result provided basis for the final definition of the structure of antibacterial substances in antagonistic actinomycete strain G19.展开更多
AIM： To describe a simple one-step method involving percutaneous transhepatic insertion of an expandable metal stent （EMS） used in the treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by unresectable malignancies. METHODS...AIM： To describe a simple one-step method involving percutaneous transhepatic insertion of an expandable metal stent （EMS） used in the treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by unresectable malignancies. METHODS： Fourteen patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice due to unresectable malignancies were included in the study. The malignancies in these patients were a result of very advanced carcinoma or old age. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography was performed under ultrasonographic guidance. After a catheter with an inner metallic guide was advanced into the duodenum, an EMS was placed in the common bile duct, between a point 1 cm beyond the papilla of Vater and the entrance to the hepatic hilum. In cases where it was difficult to span the distance using just a single EMS, an additional stent was positioned. A drainage catheter was left in place to act as a hemostat. The catheter was removed after resolution of cholestasis and stent patency was confirmed 2 or 3 d post-procedure. RESULTS： One-step insertion of the EMS was achieved in all patients with a procedure mean time of 24.4 min. Out of the patients who required 2 EMS, 4 needed a procedure time exceeding 30 min. The mean time for removal of the catheter post-procedure was 2.3 d. All patients died of malignancy with a mean follow-up time of 7.8 mo. No stent-related complication or stent obstruction was encountered. CONCLUSIONS： One-step percutaneous transhepaticinsertion of EMS is a simple procedure for resolving biliary obstruction and can effectively improve the patient＇s quality of life.展开更多
Carcinosarcoma,which comprises less than one percent of all gall bladder neoplasms,is characterized by the presence of variable proportions of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.Recently,several reports have descr...Carcinosarcoma,which comprises less than one percent of all gall bladder neoplasms,is characterized by the presence of variable proportions of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.Recently,several reports have described patients suffering from carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder.However,there are no large studies regarding the clinicopathologic features,therapeutic management,and surgical outcome of this disease because the number of patients who undergo resection of gall bladder carcinosarcoma at a single institution is limited.A Medline search was performed using the keywords 'gall bladder' and 'carcinosarcoma'.Additional articles were obtained from references within the papers identified by the Medline search.Optimal adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy protocols for carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder have not been established.Curative surgical resection offers the only chance for long-term survival from this disease.The outcome of 36 patients who underwent surgical resection for carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder was poor;the 3-year overall survival rate was only 31.0% and the median survival time was 7.0 mo.Since the postoperative prognosis of carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder is worse than that of adenocarcinoma,new adjuvant chemotherapies and/or radiation techniques are essential for improvement of surgical outcome.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate clinical presentation, etiology, compli-cations and response to treatment in elderly patients with acute cholangitis.METHODS: Demographics, etiology of biliary obstruc-tion, clinical features, complic...AIM: To evaluate clinical presentation, etiology, compli-cations and response to treatment in elderly patients with acute cholangitis.METHODS: Demographics, etiology of biliary obstruc-tion, clinical features, complications and associated systemic diseases of 175 patients with acute cholangitis were recorded. Endoscopic biliary drainage was performed using nasobiliary drain or stent. The complications related to ERCP, success of biliary drainage, morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 175 patients, 52 aged ≥ 60 years (groupⅠ, age < 60 years; group Ⅱ, age ≥ 60 years) and 105 were men. Fever was present in 38 of 52 patients of group Ⅱ compared to 120 of 123 in groupⅠ. High fever (fever ≥ 38.0℃) was more common in groupⅠ(118/120 vs 18/38). Hypotension (5/123 vs 13/52), altered sensorium (3/123 vs 19/52), peritonism (22/123 vs 14/52), renal failure (5/123 vs 14/52) and associated comorbid diseases (4/123 vs 21/52) were more common in group Ⅱ. Biliopancreatic malignancy was a common cause of biliary obstruction in group Ⅱ (n = 34) and benign diseases in groupⅠ(n = 120). Indications for biliary drainage were any one of the following either singly or in combination: a fever of ≥ 38.0℃ (n = 136), hypotension (n = 18), peritonism (n = 36), altered sensorium (n = 22), and failure to improve within 72 h of conservative management (n = 22). High grade fever was more common indication of biliary drainage in groupⅠand hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism and failure to improve within 72 h of conservative management were more common indications in group Ⅱ. Endoscopic biliary drainage was achieved in 172 patients (nasobiliary drain: 56 groupⅠ, 24 group Ⅱ, stent: 64 groupⅠ, 28 group Ⅱ) without any significant age related difference in the success rate. Abdominalpain, fever, jaundice, hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism and renal failure improved after median time of 5 d in 120 patients in groupⅠ(2-15 d) compared to 10 d in 47 patients of group Ⅱ (3-20 d). Normalization of leucocyte count was seen after a median time of 7 d (3-20 d) in 120 patients in groupⅠcompared to 15 d (5-26 d) in 47 patients in group Ⅱ. There were no ERCP related complications in either group. Five patients (carcinoma gallbladder n = 3, CBD stones n = 2) died in group Ⅱ and they had undergone biliary drainage after failure of response to conservative management for 72 h. There was a higher mortality in patients in group Ⅱ despite successful biliary drainage (0/120 vs 5 /52). Length of hospital stay was longer in group Ⅱ patients (16.4 ± 5.6, 7-30 d) than in groupⅠpatients (8.2 ± 2.4, 7-20 d).CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with acute cholangitis have a high incidence of severe cholangitis, concomitant medical illnesses, hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism, renal failure and higher mortality even after successful biliary drainage.展开更多
AIM: To determine the outcome of polypoidal lesions within the gall bladder (PLG) diagnosed by trans-abdominal scanning.METHODS: A nine-year (1993-2002) retrospective casenote review of all patients who underwent ultr...AIM: To determine the outcome of polypoidal lesions within the gall bladder (PLG) diagnosed by trans-abdominal scanning.METHODS: A nine-year (1993-2002) retrospective casenote review of all patients who underwent ultrasound scanning after referral to a single Upper GI Surgeon at a District General Hospital was conducted. Patients who were diagnosed with a PLG were included in our study. A database was constructed and patient details, investigations including ultrasound scan (USS) findings, treatment and histology and final diagnosis were recorded. RESULTS: Twenty-three (out of 651) patients were diagnosed pre-operatively by USS to have a polyp-likegall bladder lesion (PLG). Post cholecystectomy histological examination revealed 12 gallstones, 7 cholesterol polyps, 3 adenocarcinomas within polyps and 1 normal gall bladder. The specificity of USS in the diagnosis of PLG was 92.3%. All the true polyps were malignant. Overall USS had 66.66% sensitivity and 100% specificity in the pre-operative suspicion of malignancy. Using size greater than 10 mm as measured on USS as a cut-off, we find 100% sensitivity and 86.95% specificity with a positive predictive value of 50% in the diagnosis of malignancy in PLG.CONCLUSION: A large number of PLG are in fact calculi within diseased gall bladder. In cases of gall bladder polyps more then 10 mm in size on USS further imaging (crosssectional and/or EUS) is indicated prior to surgery. This will help in the optimal management of patients and avoid histological surprises.展开更多
Objective:To study the detailed pharmacognostic profile of galls of Quercus infectoria Olivier(Q.infectoria olivier)(Fagaceae),an important medicinal plant used in the Indian system of medicine.Methods:Samples of gall...Objective:To study the detailed pharmacognostic profile of galls of Quercus infectoria Olivier(Q.infectoria olivier)(Fagaceae),an important medicinal plant used in the Indian system of medicine.Methods:Samples of galls of Q.infectoria were studied by macroscopical,microscopical,physiochemical,phytochemical.fluorescence analysis and othjer methods for standardization as recommended by WHO.Results:Macroscopically,the crude drug is globose with horny appearances on external surface(1.4-2.3 cm in length and 1-1.5 cm in diameter),with greyish-brown to brownish-black in colour externally and dark brown buff colored.Surface is smooth with numerous horny protuberances giving rough touch,and witfi unpleasant odour.Microscopically,a wide zone of radially elongated parenchyma cells between upper and lower epidermis were found.The vascular strands were present at all places and radially elongated sclerides touched the lower epidermis.In physico-chemical studies,the moisture,total ash,acid insoluble ash,alcohol soluble,water soluble,petroleum ether,chloroform extractive value and tannin content were found to be 2.790,5.020,0.110,38.780,41.210,0.402,1.590 and 49.200 percentage respectively.Prcliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenols,flavonoids,steroids,triterpenes,tannins,saponins and alkaloids.Cooclusions:The results of the present study serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identification of this medicinally important plant drug material for future investigations and applications.展开更多
Abstraet： Phlebopus portentosus （Berk. and Broome） Boedijn is a favored wild edible mushroom in the Xishuangbanna region, Yunnan, China and Northern Thailand. It belongs to Boletinellaceae family and is known as ＂...Abstraet： Phlebopus portentosus （Berk. and Broome） Boedijn is a favored wild edible mushroom in the Xishuangbanna region, Yunnan, China and Northern Thailand. It belongs to Boletinellaceae family and is known as ＂black bolete＂. Its ecological habits and biotrophy are very complicated. It can be saprobic and successfully cultivated in mushroom house conditions. More often it grows closely with many plants, but is not mycorrhizal fungus. It forms a tripartite association with root mealy bugs and plants. The fungus produces special fungus-insect gall with the soil mealy bugs, which is a symbiotic association between these two creatures. The gall grows on plant roots with parasitic tendency. This paper is a compact report of the findings, including taxonomy, ecology, economic and cultivation of this mushroom.展开更多
文摘The World Cup is almost upon us and although the tourname nt in China is synonymous with failure to qualify,there is one other thing that always goes hand in hand with the beautiful game...beer.
文摘is it a bird?Is it a plane?No,it kind of looks like a waffle maker,but doesn't have the classic ridges that make waffles.This cooking gadget can make pancakes,steaks,baozi,toasted sandwiches and pretty much anything else.While putting a name on this all-in-one device certainly isn't the easiest,we still thought its practicality made it a worthy addition to this month's Galley Gadgets.
文摘You've just moved to China or youVe just moved into a new apartment and you're shocked to see it.Sitting there in all its glory,a black shiny dishwasher.You open it up and see there's lots of space,you could not wash the dishes for days and still look like a respectable person.
文摘From now through late August,Pearl Lam Galleries lends itself to a dynamic group exhibition featuring artwork from 18 emerging Chinese artists,each of whom are grappling with the concept of‘the Inexplicable’.
基金The study was approved by the institutional review board and the approval number is AMH-C-S-042/07-23.
文摘Objective:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone disease.Despite its success,approximately 10%of patients may experience persistent biliary symptoms,leading to the post-cholecystectomy syndrome.A remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones is one of the causes of this syndrome.The objective of this study was to shed light on the clinical manifestations,evaluation,therapeutic strategies,and outcomes associated with laparoscopic management of symptomatic remnant gallbladders.Methods:This was a retrospective study,conducted over a five-year period(January 2017 to December 2022)at Apollo Hospitals in South India.All patients who underwent laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for a remnant gall bladder were included.The following data were collected:patient demographics,symptoms,preoperative investigations,intraoperative details and post operative outcomes.Results:In total,36 patients were included and analysed.The majority of patients were male(25,69.4%),with a mean age of 50.7±12.1 years.The most common presentation was pain in the upper abdomen or right upper quadrant region(24,66.7%).The laparoscopic approach was attempted in all patients,with a success rate of 94.4%.Two patients required conversion to open surgery.Cholecystoenteric fistula to the colon was observed in one patient.Choledocholithiasis was observed in 7 patients(19.4%),and stone clearance was successfully achieved using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in all patients preoperatively.Conclusion:Incomplete gall bladder removal either intentionally or unintentionally leaves a remnant gall bladder that is at risk for stone formation and infection.Patients who have this clinical entity with symptoms require a redo or complete cholecystectomy,a complex procedure associated with certain risks.This study highlights the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for the management of remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones.
基金Supported by Major Project of Innovation Plan of Guangxi Province ( GKG0228019-5)Guangxi "Ten,Hundred,Thousand" Talent Project( 2003213)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The paper is to explore the breeding of rice gall midge. [ Method ] The morphological characteristics, living habits, breeding method and resistance identification of rice gall midge are introduced. [ Result] TN1 can be used as feedstuff to feed rice gall midge, and water should be sprayed to keep moisture during the breeding process. The damage caused by mice, rice planthopper, ants and spiders during the breeding process should be paid attention, mice and ants can be controlled by water insulation method, rice planthopper and spiders can be controlled by tap water rinsing method and artificial capture method, respec- tively. [ Conlcusion] The study provides reference for further study on rice gall midge.
基金Supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation( 5112010)Beijing Municipal Education Commission Grant ( KM200910020001)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to isolate and preliminarily identify the antibacterial active substances of antagonistic actinomyeete strain G19 obtained from the soil highly affected by peach crown gall （Agrobacterium tumefaciens）. [ Method] The antibacterial substances of antagonistic actinomycete strain G19 were ex- tracted using protein precipitation method, then isolated and purified using high performance liquid chromatography and medium-pressure preparative chromatogra- phy. Its molecular weight was determined by MALDI-TOFMS method, and the related functional groups were verified through chemical color reaction. [ Result] Seven peptide portions were produced from the antibacterial substances of antagonistic actinomycete strain G19 with the molecular weights of 900 - 1 300 Da after isolation and purification. It could be also inferred that it contained Cys, and carried with H2O and Na＋. Color reaction of functional groups verified that the sub- stance was polypeptide containing glycosyl. [ Conclusion] The result provided basis for the final definition of the structure of antibacterial substances in antagonistic actinomycete strain G19.
文摘AIM： To describe a simple one-step method involving percutaneous transhepatic insertion of an expandable metal stent （EMS） used in the treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by unresectable malignancies. METHODS： Fourteen patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice due to unresectable malignancies were included in the study. The malignancies in these patients were a result of very advanced carcinoma or old age. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography was performed under ultrasonographic guidance. After a catheter with an inner metallic guide was advanced into the duodenum, an EMS was placed in the common bile duct, between a point 1 cm beyond the papilla of Vater and the entrance to the hepatic hilum. In cases where it was difficult to span the distance using just a single EMS, an additional stent was positioned. A drainage catheter was left in place to act as a hemostat. The catheter was removed after resolution of cholestasis and stent patency was confirmed 2 or 3 d post-procedure. RESULTS： One-step insertion of the EMS was achieved in all patients with a procedure mean time of 24.4 min. Out of the patients who required 2 EMS, 4 needed a procedure time exceeding 30 min. The mean time for removal of the catheter post-procedure was 2.3 d. All patients died of malignancy with a mean follow-up time of 7.8 mo. No stent-related complication or stent obstruction was encountered. CONCLUSIONS： One-step percutaneous transhepaticinsertion of EMS is a simple procedure for resolving biliary obstruction and can effectively improve the patient＇s quality of life.
文摘Carcinosarcoma,which comprises less than one percent of all gall bladder neoplasms,is characterized by the presence of variable proportions of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.Recently,several reports have described patients suffering from carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder.However,there are no large studies regarding the clinicopathologic features,therapeutic management,and surgical outcome of this disease because the number of patients who undergo resection of gall bladder carcinosarcoma at a single institution is limited.A Medline search was performed using the keywords 'gall bladder' and 'carcinosarcoma'.Additional articles were obtained from references within the papers identified by the Medline search.Optimal adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy protocols for carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder have not been established.Curative surgical resection offers the only chance for long-term survival from this disease.The outcome of 36 patients who underwent surgical resection for carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder was poor;the 3-year overall survival rate was only 31.0% and the median survival time was 7.0 mo.Since the postoperative prognosis of carcinosarcoma of the gall bladder is worse than that of adenocarcinoma,new adjuvant chemotherapies and/or radiation techniques are essential for improvement of surgical outcome.
文摘AIM: To evaluate clinical presentation, etiology, compli-cations and response to treatment in elderly patients with acute cholangitis.METHODS: Demographics, etiology of biliary obstruc-tion, clinical features, complications and associated systemic diseases of 175 patients with acute cholangitis were recorded. Endoscopic biliary drainage was performed using nasobiliary drain or stent. The complications related to ERCP, success of biliary drainage, morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 175 patients, 52 aged ≥ 60 years (groupⅠ, age < 60 years; group Ⅱ, age ≥ 60 years) and 105 were men. Fever was present in 38 of 52 patients of group Ⅱ compared to 120 of 123 in groupⅠ. High fever (fever ≥ 38.0℃) was more common in groupⅠ(118/120 vs 18/38). Hypotension (5/123 vs 13/52), altered sensorium (3/123 vs 19/52), peritonism (22/123 vs 14/52), renal failure (5/123 vs 14/52) and associated comorbid diseases (4/123 vs 21/52) were more common in group Ⅱ. Biliopancreatic malignancy was a common cause of biliary obstruction in group Ⅱ (n = 34) and benign diseases in groupⅠ(n = 120). Indications for biliary drainage were any one of the following either singly or in combination: a fever of ≥ 38.0℃ (n = 136), hypotension (n = 18), peritonism (n = 36), altered sensorium (n = 22), and failure to improve within 72 h of conservative management (n = 22). High grade fever was more common indication of biliary drainage in groupⅠand hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism and failure to improve within 72 h of conservative management were more common indications in group Ⅱ. Endoscopic biliary drainage was achieved in 172 patients (nasobiliary drain: 56 groupⅠ, 24 group Ⅱ, stent: 64 groupⅠ, 28 group Ⅱ) without any significant age related difference in the success rate. Abdominalpain, fever, jaundice, hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism and renal failure improved after median time of 5 d in 120 patients in groupⅠ(2-15 d) compared to 10 d in 47 patients of group Ⅱ (3-20 d). Normalization of leucocyte count was seen after a median time of 7 d (3-20 d) in 120 patients in groupⅠcompared to 15 d (5-26 d) in 47 patients in group Ⅱ. There were no ERCP related complications in either group. Five patients (carcinoma gallbladder n = 3, CBD stones n = 2) died in group Ⅱ and they had undergone biliary drainage after failure of response to conservative management for 72 h. There was a higher mortality in patients in group Ⅱ despite successful biliary drainage (0/120 vs 5 /52). Length of hospital stay was longer in group Ⅱ patients (16.4 ± 5.6, 7-30 d) than in groupⅠpatients (8.2 ± 2.4, 7-20 d).CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with acute cholangitis have a high incidence of severe cholangitis, concomitant medical illnesses, hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism, renal failure and higher mortality even after successful biliary drainage.
文摘AIM: To determine the outcome of polypoidal lesions within the gall bladder (PLG) diagnosed by trans-abdominal scanning.METHODS: A nine-year (1993-2002) retrospective casenote review of all patients who underwent ultrasound scanning after referral to a single Upper GI Surgeon at a District General Hospital was conducted. Patients who were diagnosed with a PLG were included in our study. A database was constructed and patient details, investigations including ultrasound scan (USS) findings, treatment and histology and final diagnosis were recorded. RESULTS: Twenty-three (out of 651) patients were diagnosed pre-operatively by USS to have a polyp-likegall bladder lesion (PLG). Post cholecystectomy histological examination revealed 12 gallstones, 7 cholesterol polyps, 3 adenocarcinomas within polyps and 1 normal gall bladder. The specificity of USS in the diagnosis of PLG was 92.3%. All the true polyps were malignant. Overall USS had 66.66% sensitivity and 100% specificity in the pre-operative suspicion of malignancy. Using size greater than 10 mm as measured on USS as a cut-off, we find 100% sensitivity and 86.95% specificity with a positive predictive value of 50% in the diagnosis of malignancy in PLG.CONCLUSION: A large number of PLG are in fact calculi within diseased gall bladder. In cases of gall bladder polyps more then 10 mm in size on USS further imaging (crosssectional and/or EUS) is indicated prior to surgery. This will help in the optimal management of patients and avoid histological surprises.
基金Supported by Tamil Nadu Science and Technology of Tamilnadu State Council for Science and Technology(Grant No.TNSCST/S&T Projects/VR/MS/201213/203)
文摘Objective:To study the detailed pharmacognostic profile of galls of Quercus infectoria Olivier(Q.infectoria olivier)(Fagaceae),an important medicinal plant used in the Indian system of medicine.Methods:Samples of galls of Q.infectoria were studied by macroscopical,microscopical,physiochemical,phytochemical.fluorescence analysis and othjer methods for standardization as recommended by WHO.Results:Macroscopically,the crude drug is globose with horny appearances on external surface(1.4-2.3 cm in length and 1-1.5 cm in diameter),with greyish-brown to brownish-black in colour externally and dark brown buff colored.Surface is smooth with numerous horny protuberances giving rough touch,and witfi unpleasant odour.Microscopically,a wide zone of radially elongated parenchyma cells between upper and lower epidermis were found.The vascular strands were present at all places and radially elongated sclerides touched the lower epidermis.In physico-chemical studies,the moisture,total ash,acid insoluble ash,alcohol soluble,water soluble,petroleum ether,chloroform extractive value and tannin content were found to be 2.790,5.020,0.110,38.780,41.210,0.402,1.590 and 49.200 percentage respectively.Prcliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenols,flavonoids,steroids,triterpenes,tannins,saponins and alkaloids.Cooclusions:The results of the present study serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identification of this medicinally important plant drug material for future investigations and applications.
基金Sincere thanks to Toni Atkinson for her editing of the paper. This study was supported by the Key Project of Applied Basic Research of Yunnan Province （No. 2017FA017）, the Funds of Sci-Tech Innovation System Construction for Tropical Crops of Yunnan Province （No. RF2017-10）, the Special Fund of Technological Development for Yunnan Institutions （No. 2015DC014）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 31560008） and ＂Western Light＂--Personnel Training Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences （No. 326）. This study was also supported by the New Zealand Institute for Plant ＆ Food Research Ltd..
文摘Abstraet： Phlebopus portentosus （Berk. and Broome） Boedijn is a favored wild edible mushroom in the Xishuangbanna region, Yunnan, China and Northern Thailand. It belongs to Boletinellaceae family and is known as ＂black bolete＂. Its ecological habits and biotrophy are very complicated. It can be saprobic and successfully cultivated in mushroom house conditions. More often it grows closely with many plants, but is not mycorrhizal fungus. It forms a tripartite association with root mealy bugs and plants. The fungus produces special fungus-insect gall with the soil mealy bugs, which is a symbiotic association between these two creatures. The gall grows on plant roots with parasitic tendency. This paper is a compact report of the findings, including taxonomy, ecology, economic and cultivation of this mushroom.
