干姜和姜炭作为中药被广泛用于治疗各种疾病,悠久历史。两者均来源于姜科植物的根茎,由于干燥和炮制加工程度的不同,其中药药性、化学成分、药理活性和临床应用均有所不同。本文从中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed、Web of Science和Google Scho...干姜和姜炭作为中药被广泛用于治疗各种疾病,悠久历史。两者均来源于姜科植物的根茎,由于干燥和炮制加工程度的不同,其中药药性、化学成分、药理活性和临床应用均有所不同。本文从中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed、Web of Science和Google Scholar数据库收集了干姜炒炭前后的信息,通过系统地回顾有关姜炭的民族药理学、质量控制、化学成分、生物活性和临床应用的文献,总结讨论了干姜和姜炭的区别。在化学成分分析中,我们从干姜和姜炭中共分离鉴定出56种化学成分,主要是挥发油、姜辣素和二苯庚烷;在药理作用中,姜炭主要表现出止血、抗氧化、镇痛、抗菌和抗癌等一系列生物活性;在临床应用中,干姜辛热,被认为是一种补阳药,通常用于治疗寒冷或潮湿天气引发的疾病,姜炭是一种由干姜在高温下炮制加工的产品,其辛热之性减弱,因此药效变温和,以其止血和温脾止泻作用而闻名。目前对姜炭止血的药理机制的研究主要是探讨姜炭对凝血系统和纤溶系统的影响。尽管姜炭的疗效早已得到认可,且饮片成分的变化和颜色的变化之间存在一定的相关性,但仍然缺乏相对清晰的炮制机理指导下的反映炭药止血功效成分的特征性和专属性质量标准。本文综述了姜炭的质量控制、化学成分、民族药理学和药理作用机制,也为其他炭药的进一步研究提供了新的见解,促进其临床的安全应用。展开更多
Objective： To study the influence of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis, two species of Chinese medicinal herbs with hot property, on energy metabolism and gene expression spectrum, and to analy...Objective： To study the influence of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis, two species of Chinese medicinal herbs with hot property, on energy metabolism and gene expression spectrum, and to analyze the possible mechanism of their effects. Methods： Forty-eight specific pathogen free Wistar rats were randomly divided into a Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group, a Rhizoma zingiberis group, and a control group. They were intragastrically treated with concentrated decoction of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata, Rhizoma zingiberis and normal saline respectively for 20 days. Toe temperature （TT）, energy intake （El）, digestible energy （DE）, and metabolizable energy （ME） were measured. The content of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and energy charge （EC） in hepatic tissue were measured with high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activity of ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） in the liver were detected with chemical colorimetry. The gene expression in the liver was detected with Illumina＇s rat Ref-12 gene array. The differential expression genes were selected, annotated and classified based on Gene Ontology （GO）. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR （Q-RT-PCR） was used to test the accuracy of results. Results： Compared with the control group, the -I-r on the 10^th day after the beginning of administration and ATP in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups increased significantly （P〈0.05）. El/body mass （BM）, DE/BM, ME/BM, the hepatic EC and the activity of Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase, Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase and SDH of liver increased significantly only in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group （P〈0.05）. There were 592 differential expression genes in the Radix aconiti/ateralis preparata group and 1 159 in the Rhizoma zingiberis group compared with the control group. Among the differential expression genes, genes related to metabolic processes were the most significant based on GO analysis. There were 337 strips of gene differential expression in common in both Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups compared with the control group. Conclusions： Herbs with hot property such as Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis could improve the energy metabolism in rats, through influencing the metabolic process of sugar, lipid, and amino acid. It could also promote the production, storage, and utilization of energy by regulating the gene expression related to metabolism, which may be the main molecular mechanism of warming yang and dispelling cold for the treatment of the cold syndrome according to Chinese medicine theory.展开更多
Background The conventional procedure for screening bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicine is time-consuming, expensive and low efficient. Therefore, some alternative strategies are needed urgently. A ...Background The conventional procedure for screening bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicine is time-consuming, expensive and low efficient. Therefore, some alternative strategies are needed urgently. A novel method for screening anti-platelet aggregation components from oleoresins was developed using chicken thrombocyte extract and high performance liquid chromatography. Methods The anti-platelet aggregation components of oleoresins were combined with receptors, channels and enzymes of chicken thrombocytes under physiological environment. Unbound substances were washed away and bound compounds were eluted using specific phosphate buffered solution （PBS）. Compounds released from target sites were collected and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and LC-MS. The activity of three compounds which were screened from this model was confirmed using platelet aggregation pharmacology in vivo. Results There were four typical compounds that bound to the thrombocytes： 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 10-gingerol, and all had shown anti-platelet aggregation activities. Eight-gingerol displayed the best anti-platelet aggregation effect. Conclusions Chicken thromobcyte extract can be used to isolate chemicals that are ligands of the receptor or other bio-targets on the platelet. This may therefore be a simple and efficient method to screen for anti-platelet aggregation compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Objective To establish an objective method for evaluating the intrinsic characteristics between hot and cold properties of herbal drugs and to study the hot property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP) and its...Objective To establish an objective method for evaluating the intrinsic characteristics between hot and cold properties of herbal drugs and to study the hot property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP) and its compatibility with Zingiberis Rhizoma(ZR) on animal temperature tropism.Methods The equipment with cold/hot pads was used to investigate the variety of temperature tropism among mice treated by ALRP and its compatibility with ZR.Meanwhile,the activities of adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase),total anti-oxidant capability(T-AOC),and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) were measured.Results Compared with the homologous ALRP group,the compatibility between ALRP and ZR(AZ) had a stronger action against the decreasing of remaining rate on hot pad(P < 0.05),suggesting an enhancement of cold tropism.Meanwhile,the internal indexes of Na+-K+-ATPase activity,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,and oxygen consuming volume increased significantly(P < 0.05),suggesting an enhancement of energy metabolism.The changes of T-AOC and T-SOD activity suggested that AZ reinforced the anti-oxidative capability of mice.In addition,it could be inferred from cluster analysis that the activity of AZ was concretely stronger than that of homologous ALRP.Conclusion ALRP and ZR are both herbs with hot property,but AZ has an enhanced trend of hot property.This external behavior of cold tropism and the internal activity of energy metabolism and anti-oxidant might reflect the internal hot property in an intuitive and objective way.The changes of ATPase activity of liver tissue might be the mechanism of drug action.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81803729)Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(B2023136)Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City(kq2208194)。
文摘干姜和姜炭作为中药被广泛用于治疗各种疾病,悠久历史。两者均来源于姜科植物的根茎,由于干燥和炮制加工程度的不同,其中药药性、化学成分、药理活性和临床应用均有所不同。本文从中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed、Web of Science和Google Scholar数据库收集了干姜炒炭前后的信息,通过系统地回顾有关姜炭的民族药理学、质量控制、化学成分、生物活性和临床应用的文献,总结讨论了干姜和姜炭的区别。在化学成分分析中,我们从干姜和姜炭中共分离鉴定出56种化学成分,主要是挥发油、姜辣素和二苯庚烷;在药理作用中,姜炭主要表现出止血、抗氧化、镇痛、抗菌和抗癌等一系列生物活性;在临床应用中,干姜辛热,被认为是一种补阳药,通常用于治疗寒冷或潮湿天气引发的疾病,姜炭是一种由干姜在高温下炮制加工的产品,其辛热之性减弱,因此药效变温和,以其止血和温脾止泻作用而闻名。目前对姜炭止血的药理机制的研究主要是探讨姜炭对凝血系统和纤溶系统的影响。尽管姜炭的疗效早已得到认可,且饮片成分的变化和颜色的变化之间存在一定的相关性,但仍然缺乏相对清晰的炮制机理指导下的反映炭药止血功效成分的特征性和专属性质量标准。本文综述了姜炭的质量控制、化学成分、民族药理学和药理作用机制,也为其他炭药的进一步研究提供了新的见解,促进其临床的安全应用。
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program,No.2007CB512601)
文摘Objective： To study the influence of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis, two species of Chinese medicinal herbs with hot property, on energy metabolism and gene expression spectrum, and to analyze the possible mechanism of their effects. Methods： Forty-eight specific pathogen free Wistar rats were randomly divided into a Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group, a Rhizoma zingiberis group, and a control group. They were intragastrically treated with concentrated decoction of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata, Rhizoma zingiberis and normal saline respectively for 20 days. Toe temperature （TT）, energy intake （El）, digestible energy （DE）, and metabolizable energy （ME） were measured. The content of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and energy charge （EC） in hepatic tissue were measured with high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activity of ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） in the liver were detected with chemical colorimetry. The gene expression in the liver was detected with Illumina＇s rat Ref-12 gene array. The differential expression genes were selected, annotated and classified based on Gene Ontology （GO）. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR （Q-RT-PCR） was used to test the accuracy of results. Results： Compared with the control group, the -I-r on the 10^th day after the beginning of administration and ATP in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups increased significantly （P〈0.05）. El/body mass （BM）, DE/BM, ME/BM, the hepatic EC and the activity of Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase, Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase and SDH of liver increased significantly only in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group （P〈0.05）. There were 592 differential expression genes in the Radix aconiti/ateralis preparata group and 1 159 in the Rhizoma zingiberis group compared with the control group. Among the differential expression genes, genes related to metabolic processes were the most significant based on GO analysis. There were 337 strips of gene differential expression in common in both Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups compared with the control group. Conclusions： Herbs with hot property such as Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis could improve the energy metabolism in rats, through influencing the metabolic process of sugar, lipid, and amino acid. It could also promote the production, storage, and utilization of energy by regulating the gene expression related to metabolism, which may be the main molecular mechanism of warming yang and dispelling cold for the treatment of the cold syndrome according to Chinese medicine theory.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30400596）, Jinan University Natural Science Foundation （No. 51204017） and the Chinese Traditional Medicine Foundation of Guangdong Province （No. 104005）.
文摘Background The conventional procedure for screening bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicine is time-consuming, expensive and low efficient. Therefore, some alternative strategies are needed urgently. A novel method for screening anti-platelet aggregation components from oleoresins was developed using chicken thrombocyte extract and high performance liquid chromatography. Methods The anti-platelet aggregation components of oleoresins were combined with receptors, channels and enzymes of chicken thrombocytes under physiological environment. Unbound substances were washed away and bound compounds were eluted using specific phosphate buffered solution （PBS）. Compounds released from target sites were collected and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and LC-MS. The activity of three compounds which were screened from this model was confirmed using platelet aggregation pharmacology in vivo. Results There were four typical compounds that bound to the thrombocytes： 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 10-gingerol, and all had shown anti-platelet aggregation activities. Eight-gingerol displayed the best anti-platelet aggregation effect. Conclusions Chicken thromobcyte extract can be used to isolate chemicals that are ligands of the receptor or other bio-targets on the platelet. This may therefore be a simple and efficient method to screen for anti-platelet aggregation compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.
基金National Natural Sciences Foundation (81173571)National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB512607)The Major Projects of the National Science and Technology (2012ZX10005010-002-002)
文摘Objective To establish an objective method for evaluating the intrinsic characteristics between hot and cold properties of herbal drugs and to study the hot property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP) and its compatibility with Zingiberis Rhizoma(ZR) on animal temperature tropism.Methods The equipment with cold/hot pads was used to investigate the variety of temperature tropism among mice treated by ALRP and its compatibility with ZR.Meanwhile,the activities of adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase),total anti-oxidant capability(T-AOC),and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) were measured.Results Compared with the homologous ALRP group,the compatibility between ALRP and ZR(AZ) had a stronger action against the decreasing of remaining rate on hot pad(P < 0.05),suggesting an enhancement of cold tropism.Meanwhile,the internal indexes of Na+-K+-ATPase activity,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,and oxygen consuming volume increased significantly(P < 0.05),suggesting an enhancement of energy metabolism.The changes of T-AOC and T-SOD activity suggested that AZ reinforced the anti-oxidative capability of mice.In addition,it could be inferred from cluster analysis that the activity of AZ was concretely stronger than that of homologous ALRP.Conclusion ALRP and ZR are both herbs with hot property,but AZ has an enhanced trend of hot property.This external behavior of cold tropism and the internal activity of energy metabolism and anti-oxidant might reflect the internal hot property in an intuitive and objective way.The changes of ATPase activity of liver tissue might be the mechanism of drug action.
