Background:Bacterial vaginosis(BV),a lower genital tract syndrome,has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and is regarded as the prevalent type of vaginal infection in females of childbearing age.Objectives:To d...Background:Bacterial vaginosis(BV),a lower genital tract syndrome,has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and is regarded as the prevalent type of vaginal infection in females of childbearing age.Objectives:To determine the accuracy of Nugent scoring and Gardnerella vaginalis culture in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis(BV)among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital,Nnewi,Nigeria.Method:This cross-sectional study evaluated biospecimen from 333 pregnant women enrolled through systematic random sampling technique.Biospecimens of vaginal discharge were tested for BV infection using Amsel’s criteria,Nugent’s score and culture of G.Vaginalis.Using Amsel’s criteria as a“gold standard”,the Nugent’s score and culture of G.vaginalis were estimated.Results:Prevalence of 26.12%,25.82% and 28.20% of BV was found using Amsel criteria,Nugent’s method and culture of G.vaginalis,respectively.No statistical relationship exists between socio-demographic characteristics and BV(P>0.05).Sexual exposure,and vaginal hygienic practices influences BV(P<0.05)infection and also with fishy odor during or after sexual intercourse,Gardnerella morphotypes,Bacteroides morphotypes and BV(P<0.05).An inverse relationship existed between lactobacilli morphotypes and BV.The prevalence of HIV was 5.41% and 16 out of 18 had BV diagnosed using Amsel criteria.Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05).In comparison with Amsel criteria,it had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.This was in contrast distinction to the culture of G.vaginalis,which had 56.32%sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate.Conclusion:Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05)and had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.Contrariwise,the culture of G.vaginalis had 56.32% sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate for BV diagnosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gardnerella vaginalis(G.vaginalis)is a facultative anaerobic bacteria known to cause bloodstream infections.However,cases are very rare in clinics.There is very limited clinical experience in the treatment ...BACKGROUND Gardnerella vaginalis(G.vaginalis)is a facultative anaerobic bacteria known to cause bloodstream infections.However,cases are very rare in clinics.There is very limited clinical experience in the treatment of bloodstream infections caused by G.vaginalis.Therefore,there is an urgent need for effective antibacterial drugs to treat patients with bloodstream infections caused by G.vaginalis.CASE SUMMARY A woman who underwent a cesarean section presented with a sudden onset of high fever 1-d post-surgery.The blood cultures suggested an infection due to G.vaginalis,and treatment with cefoperazone-sulbactam was started.After 5 d of treatment,there was a decrease in the hemogram;however,the temperature and C-reactive protein levels remained high.Based on clinical experience and a review of literature,the treatment was modified to include ornidazole in combination with cefoperazone-sulbactam.Following a week of treatment,the temperature,hemogram and C-reactive protein levels returned to normal,and blood cultures turned negative,suggesting a therapeutic effect of the combination treatment.CONCLUSION This case highlighted the effective use of cefoperazone-sulbactam combined with ornidazole for bloodstream infection caused by G.vaginalis following a cesarean section.展开更多
Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) has been implicated in BV development. Further, biofilm is accepted as one, if not the principle reason, for recurrent or recalcitrant BV. GV has defined virulence factors that contribute to...Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) has been implicated in BV development. Further, biofilm is accepted as one, if not the principle reason, for recurrent or recalcitrant BV. GV has defined virulence factors that contribute to biofilm, though more may be discovered within genomic information. Key players in genital tract microecology include GV, other species of the microbiome, and the epithelial base on which microbial interactions occur. The epithelium is influenced by various forces such as douching, smoking, diet, and estrogen: other potential factors are yet unidentified. All of these factors may contribute to bacterial vaginosis. Further, biofilms usually contain microbial species in addition to GV, and the mechanisms for supporting roles of these other species provide an opportunity for elucidation. Gaps in knowledge still exist in effective therapeutics aimed at biofilm, and better understanding of the process of bacterial quiescence, persistence, and biofilm formation is a key step in future research. Purpose: This review examines current literature for information about biofilm significance in relation to GV and bacterial vaginosis. Methods: Structured literature review.展开更多
目的筛选对阴道加德纳菌增殖有抑制功能的阴道乳杆菌菌株,探讨阴道乳杆菌菌株抑制加德纳菌的可能机制,为开发用于细菌性阴道病(BV)治疗的益生菌菌株提供先决条件。方法分别从BV患者和健康女性阴道分泌物中分离阴道加德纳菌菌株和乳杆菌...目的筛选对阴道加德纳菌增殖有抑制功能的阴道乳杆菌菌株,探讨阴道乳杆菌菌株抑制加德纳菌的可能机制,为开发用于细菌性阴道病(BV)治疗的益生菌菌株提供先决条件。方法分别从BV患者和健康女性阴道分泌物中分离阴道加德纳菌菌株和乳杆菌菌株,通过spot on lawn法筛选有抑制阴道加德纳菌增殖的乳杆菌菌株,用双层牛津杯法对比乳杆菌菌液、上清液、菌体对阴道加德纳菌菌株抑制作用的差别。结果从20例健康女性阴道分泌物中获得62株阴道乳杆菌菌株,分属于6个菌种,其中18株有抑制阴道加德纳菌的作用。通过对18株有抑菌效应的乳杆菌菌株的不同成份(菌液、菌体、上清液)研究表明,其菌液、菌体和上清液均有抑菌效应,菌液的抑菌效应明显大于上清液组。上清液经过蛋白酶K处理之后,8份标本的抑菌效果消失,10份标本的抑菌效果明显减弱。结论该研究共纯化和鉴定阴道乳杆菌菌株62株,其中18株具有抑制阴道加德纳菌增殖的功能。产生蛋白类抑菌物质可能参与了阴道乳杆菌抑制阴道加德纳菌增殖的机制。展开更多
文摘Background:Bacterial vaginosis(BV),a lower genital tract syndrome,has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and is regarded as the prevalent type of vaginal infection in females of childbearing age.Objectives:To determine the accuracy of Nugent scoring and Gardnerella vaginalis culture in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis(BV)among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital,Nnewi,Nigeria.Method:This cross-sectional study evaluated biospecimen from 333 pregnant women enrolled through systematic random sampling technique.Biospecimens of vaginal discharge were tested for BV infection using Amsel’s criteria,Nugent’s score and culture of G.Vaginalis.Using Amsel’s criteria as a“gold standard”,the Nugent’s score and culture of G.vaginalis were estimated.Results:Prevalence of 26.12%,25.82% and 28.20% of BV was found using Amsel criteria,Nugent’s method and culture of G.vaginalis,respectively.No statistical relationship exists between socio-demographic characteristics and BV(P>0.05).Sexual exposure,and vaginal hygienic practices influences BV(P<0.05)infection and also with fishy odor during or after sexual intercourse,Gardnerella morphotypes,Bacteroides morphotypes and BV(P<0.05).An inverse relationship existed between lactobacilli morphotypes and BV.The prevalence of HIV was 5.41% and 16 out of 18 had BV diagnosed using Amsel criteria.Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05).In comparison with Amsel criteria,it had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.This was in contrast distinction to the culture of G.vaginalis,which had 56.32%sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate.Conclusion:Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05)and had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.Contrariwise,the culture of G.vaginalis had 56.32% sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate for BV diagnosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Gardnerella vaginalis(G.vaginalis)is a facultative anaerobic bacteria known to cause bloodstream infections.However,cases are very rare in clinics.There is very limited clinical experience in the treatment of bloodstream infections caused by G.vaginalis.Therefore,there is an urgent need for effective antibacterial drugs to treat patients with bloodstream infections caused by G.vaginalis.CASE SUMMARY A woman who underwent a cesarean section presented with a sudden onset of high fever 1-d post-surgery.The blood cultures suggested an infection due to G.vaginalis,and treatment with cefoperazone-sulbactam was started.After 5 d of treatment,there was a decrease in the hemogram;however,the temperature and C-reactive protein levels remained high.Based on clinical experience and a review of literature,the treatment was modified to include ornidazole in combination with cefoperazone-sulbactam.Following a week of treatment,the temperature,hemogram and C-reactive protein levels returned to normal,and blood cultures turned negative,suggesting a therapeutic effect of the combination treatment.CONCLUSION This case highlighted the effective use of cefoperazone-sulbactam combined with ornidazole for bloodstream infection caused by G.vaginalis following a cesarean section.
文摘Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) has been implicated in BV development. Further, biofilm is accepted as one, if not the principle reason, for recurrent or recalcitrant BV. GV has defined virulence factors that contribute to biofilm, though more may be discovered within genomic information. Key players in genital tract microecology include GV, other species of the microbiome, and the epithelial base on which microbial interactions occur. The epithelium is influenced by various forces such as douching, smoking, diet, and estrogen: other potential factors are yet unidentified. All of these factors may contribute to bacterial vaginosis. Further, biofilms usually contain microbial species in addition to GV, and the mechanisms for supporting roles of these other species provide an opportunity for elucidation. Gaps in knowledge still exist in effective therapeutics aimed at biofilm, and better understanding of the process of bacterial quiescence, persistence, and biofilm formation is a key step in future research. Purpose: This review examines current literature for information about biofilm significance in relation to GV and bacterial vaginosis. Methods: Structured literature review.
文摘目的筛选对阴道加德纳菌增殖有抑制功能的阴道乳杆菌菌株,探讨阴道乳杆菌菌株抑制加德纳菌的可能机制,为开发用于细菌性阴道病(BV)治疗的益生菌菌株提供先决条件。方法分别从BV患者和健康女性阴道分泌物中分离阴道加德纳菌菌株和乳杆菌菌株,通过spot on lawn法筛选有抑制阴道加德纳菌增殖的乳杆菌菌株,用双层牛津杯法对比乳杆菌菌液、上清液、菌体对阴道加德纳菌菌株抑制作用的差别。结果从20例健康女性阴道分泌物中获得62株阴道乳杆菌菌株,分属于6个菌种,其中18株有抑制阴道加德纳菌的作用。通过对18株有抑菌效应的乳杆菌菌株的不同成份(菌液、菌体、上清液)研究表明,其菌液、菌体和上清液均有抑菌效应,菌液的抑菌效应明显大于上清液组。上清液经过蛋白酶K处理之后,8份标本的抑菌效果消失,10份标本的抑菌效果明显减弱。结论该研究共纯化和鉴定阴道乳杆菌菌株62株,其中18株具有抑制阴道加德纳菌增殖的功能。产生蛋白类抑菌物质可能参与了阴道乳杆菌抑制阴道加德纳菌增殖的机制。
