New method of local adjuvant therapy with bicarbonate Ringer’s solution for tumoral calcinosis: A case report

BACKGROUND Tumoral calcinosis is a condition characterized by deposits of calcium phosphate crystals in extra-articular soft tissues,occurring in hemodialysis patients.Calcium phosphate crystals are mainly composed of hydroxyapatite,which is highly infilt-rative to tissues,thus making complete resection difficult.An adjuvant method to remove or resolve the residual crystals during the operation is necessary.CASE SUMMARY A bicarbonate Ringer’s solution with bicarbonate ions(28 mEq/L)was used as the adjuvant.After resecting calcium phosphate deposits of tumoral calcinosis as much as possible,while filling with the solution,residual calcium phosphate deposits at the pseudocyst wall can be gently scraped by fingers or gauze in the operative field.A 49-year-old female undergoing hemodialysis for 15 years had swelling with calcium deposition for 2 years in the shoulders,bilateral hip joints,and the right foot.A shoulder lesion was resected,but the calcification remained and early re-deposition was observed.Considering the difficulty of a complete rection,we devised a bicarbonate dissolution method and excised the foot lesion.After resection of the calcified material,the residual calcified material was washed away with bicarbonate Ringer’s solution.CONCLUSION The bicarbonate dissolution method is a new,simple,and effective treatment for tumoral calcinosis in hemodialysis patients.

Existence of Monotone Positive Solution for a Fourth-Order Three-Point BVP with Sign-Changing Green’s Function

This paper is concerned with the following fourth-order three-point boundary value problem , where , we discuss the existence of positive solutions to the above problem by applying to the fixed point theory in cones and iterative technique.

地基附加应力和桩基沉降计算的修正Geddes应力解

Geddes应力解计算桩周土沉降是工程中常用的计算方法,其假设端阻力为桩端集中力,侧摩阻力沿桩身轴线线分布。此假设下计算得到的附加应力不能反映截面几何形状和大小的影响,存在一定的误差。为了更精确地计算桩附加应力与沉降,得到可以反映截面几何形状和大小的计算方法,在Geddes应力解的基础上,假设端阻力在桩端均匀分布,侧阻力为桩侧表面均布力和线性力的综合。采用2重积分的思想,推导出了圆形桩端阻力和桩侧摩阻力在桩周土产生的附加应力系数的计算公式,称为修正的Geddes应力解。通过对Geddes应力解和修正Geddes应力解的对比计算表明:随着桩径的增大,Geddes应力解计算误差随之增大。桩径从0.2 m到3 m,Geddes应力解估算端阻力、均匀分布侧摩阻力、线性增长的侧摩阻力产生沉降的误差分别为小于20%、140%和40%。综合端阻力与侧阻力结果,Geddes应力解计算沉降结果偏大。将2种计算方法的计算结果与3维有限元ABAQUS计算结果进行了对比,结果表明修正的计算方法更接近于模拟结果。因此工程中使用修正Geddes应力解计算桩基沉降更合理。

现浇X形桩产生地基附加应力的修正Geddes应力解

现浇X形混凝土桩(X形桩)作为新型的异形截面桩,其侧摩阻力和端阻力对桩周土体产生的附加应力的计算方法尚未得到系统的研究。传统的Geddes解以圣维南原理作为模型假设的依据,忽略桩截面半径和截面形状对计算结果的影响,误差较大。在Geddes应力解的基础上,对附加应力计算过程引入二重积分,推导得出修正的Geddes应力解。通过2种计算方法对X形桩附加应力进行对比分析,结果表明:桩径越大,异形特性越突出,Geddes应力解的误差越大。用修正Geddes应力解分析X形桩侧摩阻力和端阻力产生的附加应力,可知X形桩对下卧层土体产生的附加应力是等截面面积的圆形桩的1/3左右,而端阻力产生的下卧层的附加应力是等截面面积的圆形桩的1～2倍。在1.05倍桩长以下的大部分下卧层区域内,凹弧段侧摩阻力产生的附加应力大于凸出段。随着凸出段与凹弧段侧摩阻力比值的增大,凹弧段侧摩阻产生附加应力系数逐渐减小,凸出段侧摩阻产生的附加应力系数逐渐增大,但两者之和始终小于圆形桩。对于端阻力,X形桩凹弧区产生的附加应力是凸出区的1～3倍。通过对单桩桩顶沉降对比计算,表明修正Geddes应力解与Geddes应力解相比,更适合解决X形桩地基附加应力和沉降问题。

基于Geddes方法的既有基桩竖向承载力评估

自实际的桩顶向下一定范围内的桩身视为长度不大于实际基桩的一根假想桩基(即"虚桩")。根据Geddes解,计算"虚桩"桩侧摩阻力引起的"虚桩"桩端平面下方土体附加应力。分析软土、粘土和强风化地层中基桩受荷后不同时期承载力试验结果,提出沉降稳定基桩总体承载力提高幅度限值。根据土体附加应力水平,结合相关规范对地基土受荷后承载力评价的规定,提出沉降稳定的桩基础桩侧摩阻力和桩端阻力抗力系数取值方法。进行了同一场地下的试桩和工程桩受力现场监测。试桩桩基采用静载荷试验方式加载,工程桩桩基通过上部结构施工加载,通过试桩确定桩侧摩阻力标准值。采用本文方法对工程桩桩基的侧摩阻力变化情况进行了评估,并与监测结果进行对比,结果表明本文方法偏于安全。对于沉降不稳定的桩基,亦根据Geddes法原理,提出了桩侧摩阻力折减系数的计算方法。

基于Geddes解的取土器贯入引起的土体附加应力分析

为了研究取土器贯入引起的土体扰动及附加应力分布特性,基于Geddes应力解,分别得到取土器管内任意一点处土样由于端阻力及侧壁摩阻力引起的竖向附加应力解,并通过数值方法对两者引起的管内土体附加竖向应力分布特性及取土器参数对其影响进行分析。计算结果表明:在取土器贯入过程中,端阻力的作用会引起土体产生一个由压应力转变为拉应力的过程,且其拉压应力不随取土器直径、贯入深度的变化而变化;增大取土器的直径能有效减少端阻力及侧壁摩阻力引起的轴线处土体的附加应力,考虑两者的共同作用,大直径取土器能较明显地提高取土样的质量。

基于Geddes解的厂房柱桩基础分析研究

采用应力比法计算桩基影响深度,利用Geddes应力解计算桩土刚度,用协同方法分析桩-承台基础,对桩基础的总体沉降、差异沉降、承台内力等结果进行了计算.基于本方法分析了工业厂房的交叉柱桩基础,通过总结分析结果,验证了规范的结论,并分析了此类基础的规律,为类似工程的设计提供有益的参考.

考虑桩径和桩侧摩阻力分布的改进Geddes桩基沉降分析方法

Geddes方法是我国桩基工程实践中常用的计算群桩沉降的一种弹性理论方法,其原理简单,易于应用,但其也有着比较明显的缺点。首先,Geddes法没有考虑桩径的影响,计算时会在桩端平面产生很大的应力集中;其次,Geddes法中假设的侧摩阻力分布模式过于简单,与工作状态下长桩的侧阻分布差别较大。为了解决这些问题,在Geddes方法的基础上,首先假设端阻力沿桩端平面均匀分布,桩侧摩阻力沿桩侧表面分布,采用数学积分与高斯积分相结合的方法计算地基附加应力,改善应力集中的影响;其次通过对Geddes方法原有侧阻分布模式的几何叠加,得到桩侧摩阻力两段式分布时地基附加应力的计算公式。计算表明,改进后的Geddes方法计算桩基沉降要比原有的Geddes方法计算值小。

地下连续墙-桩-筏板基础共同作用的计算方法——基于Mindlin和Geddes的解法

以Mindlin和Geddes的应力解及其已在桩基中的应用为基础,提出了计算地下连续墙侧摩阻力和端阻力在地基土中所产生的应力的方法。根据应力叠加原理和分层总和法,即可在采用筏板基础、桩基以及将基坑开挖阶段用作围护结构的地下连续墙直接作为地下空间外墙的地下结构体系中,求得地下连续墙和桩基在地基土中的沉降,并由沉降在地下连续墙-桩-筏板基础中的变形协调为条件,提出了地下空间结构中地下连续墙-桩-筏板基础共同作用的分析方法。其中,对筏板基础采用厚板理论计算其内力的方法进行了探讨。

Soliton solution and interaction property for a coupled modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) system

Hirota＇s bilinear direct method is applied to constructing soliton solutions to a special coupled modified Korteweg- de Vries （mKdV） system. Some physical properties such as the spatiotemporal evolution, waveform structure, interactive phenomena of solitons are discussed, especially in the two-soliton case. It is found that different interactive behaviours of solitary waves take place under different parameter conditions of overtaking collision in this system. It is verified that the elastic interaction phenomena exist in this （1＋1）-dimensional integrable coupled model.

Dynamics of vascular volume and hemodilution of lactated Ringer’s solution in patients during induction of general and epidural anesthesia

Objective： To investigate the dynamics of vascular volume and the plasma dilution of lactated Ringer＇s solution in patients during the induction of general and epidural anesthesia. Methods： The hemodilution of i.v. infusion of 1000 ml of lactated Ringer＇s solution over 60 min was studied in patients undergoing general （n=31） and epidural （n= 22） anesthesia. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure and hemoglobin （Hb） concentration were measured every 5 rain during the study. Surgery was not started until the study period had been completed. Results： General anesthesia caused the greater decrease of mean arterial blood pressure （MAP） （mean 15% versus 9%; P〈0.01） and thereby followed by a more pronounced plasma dilution, blood volume expansion （VE） and blood volume expansion efficiency （VEE）. A strong linear correlation between hemodilution and the reduction in MAP （r=-0.50;P〈0.01） was found. At the end of infusion, patients undergoing general anesthesia retained 47% （SD 19%） of the infused fluid in the circulation, while epidural anesthesia retained 29% （SD 13%） （P〈0.001）. Correspondingly, a fewer urine output （mean 89 ml versus 156 ml; P〈0.05） and extravascular expansion （454 ml versus 551 ml; P〈0.05） were found during general anesthesia. Conclusion： We concluded that the induction of general anesthesia caused more hemodilution, volume expansion and volume expansion efficiency than epidural anesthesia, which was triggered only by the lower MAP.

Exact Solutions for Einstein＇s Hyperbolic Geometric Flow

In this paper we investigate the Einstein＇s hyperbolic geometric flow and obtain some interesting exact solutions for this kind of flow. Many interesting properties of these exact solutions have also been analyzed and we believe that these properties of Einstein＇s hyperbolic geometric flow are very helpful to understanding the Einstein equations and the hyperbolic geometric flow.

A NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITION FOR GLOBAL EXISTENCE OF CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS TO CAUCHY PROBLEM OF QUASILINEAR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS IN DIAGONAL FORM

This article considers Cauchy problem for quasilinear hyperbolic systems in diagonal form. A necessary and sufficient condition in guaranteeing that Cauchy problem admits a unique global classical solution on t ≥ 0 is obtained, and a sharp estimate of the life span for the classical solution is given.

HOMOCLINIC SOLUTIONS FOR A CLASS OF SECOND ORDER NEUTRAL FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS

By means of an extension of Mawhin＇s continuation theorem and some analysis methods, the existence of a set with 2kT-periodic solutions for a class of second order neutral functional differential systems is studied, and then the homoclinic solutions are obtained as the limit points of a certain subsequence of the above set.

Soliton Solutions of Coupled KdV System from Hirota's Bilinear Direct Method

With Hirota＇s bilinear direct method, we study the special coupled KdV system to obtain its new soliton solutions. Then we further discuss soliton evolution, corresponding structures, and interesting interactive phenomena in detail with plot. As a result, we find that after the interaction, the solitons make elastic collision and there are no exchanges of their physical quantities including energy, velocity and shape except the phase shift.

基于Geddes应力解的桩筏基础沉降计算

桩基础沉降计算理论在国内应用较多的是Geddes应力法,目前在应用Geddes解计算桩基础沉降时,一般不考虑筏板刚度的影响,假定所有桩均分上部荷载,理论上存在缺陷。为了使桩筏基础的沉降计算更加合理,本文将薄板理论与Geddes解结合在一起,提出分析桩筏基础的新方法。该方法采用Kirchhoff薄板理论模拟基础底板,土被当成各向同性弹性半空间体,桩与桩之间以及桩土之间的相互作用通过Geddes解实现,采用有限单元法计算出每根桩分担的荷载,据此桩顶荷载,根据Geddes解计算桩基沉降。本方法解决了桩基沉降计算理论上的不足,使计算原理和计算结果更加合理。同时,在有限元计算中,采用对角阵近似代替群桩的满秩刚度矩阵,使计算时间大大缩短,能够分析较大规模的桩筏基础。

Symmetry Reductions and Group-Invariant Solutions of (2+1)-Dimensional Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada Equation

With the aid of symbolic computation, we present the symmetry transformations of the (2+1)-dimensionalCaudrey-Dodd Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada equation with Lou's direct method that is based on Lax pairs. Moreover, withthe symmetry transformations we obtain the Lie point symmetries of the CDGKS equation, and reduce the equation withthe obtained symmetries. As a result, three independent reductions are presented and some group-invariant solutions ofthe equation are given.

ON MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS TO A LOW-SPECTRUM MODEL OF OCEANIC CURRENT DRIVEN BY THE BOUNDARY FORCE——THE BIMODALITY OF THE KUROSHIO SOUTH OF JAPAN

This low-spectrun medel study on the multiple solutions to a nonlinear quasi-geostrophic ocanic cur-rent equation shows that they depend on the combination of Ro, Re, λ and ε, that the bimedaity of theKuroshio depends strongly on the nonlinear effect represented by Ro and λ, and that its occurrenceprobability is reduced by the dissipation represented by Re and ε. The stability of solutions is discussed indetail with Hurwitz’s theory.

Numerical Solution of Constrained Mechanical System Motions Equations and Inverse Problems of Dynamics

In this paper the method of design of kinematical and dynamical equations of mechanical systems, applied to numerical ealization, is proposed. The corresponding difference equations, which are obtained, give a guarantee of computations with a given precision. The equations of programmed constraints and those of constraint perturbations are defined. The stability of the programmed manifold for numerical solutions of the kinematical and dynamical equations is obtained by corresponding construction of the constraint perturbation equations. The dynamical equations of system with programmed constraints are set up in the form of Lagrange’s equations in generalized coordinates. Certain inverse problems of rigid body dynamics are examined.

AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIFFRACTION OF PLANE P-WAVES BY A HEMISPHERICAL ALLUVIAL VALLEY WITH SATURATED SOIL DEPOSITS

An analytical solution for the three-dimensional scattering and diffraction of plane P-waves by a hemispherical alluvial valley with saturated soil deposits is developed by employing Fourier-Bessel series expansion technique. Unlike previous studies, in which the saturated soil deposits were simulated with the single-phase elastic theory, in this paper, they are simulated with Biot＇s dynamic theory for saturated porous media, and the half space is assumed as a single-phase elastic medium. The effects of the dimensionless frequency, the incidence angle of P-wave and the porosity of soil deposits on the surface displacement magnifications of the hemispherical alluvial valley are investigated. Numerical results show that the existence of a saturated hemispherical alluvial valley has much influence on the surface displacement magnifications. It is more reasonable to simulate soil deposits with Biot＇s dynamic theory when evaluating the displacement responses of a hemispherical alluvial valley with an incidence of P-waves.