Action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by single-cell sequencing analysis

BACKGROUND The complexity of the immune microenvironment has an impact on the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC),one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide.In this study,multi-omics and single-cell sequencing techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in CRC.By revealing the heterogeneity and functional differences of B cells in cancer immunity,we aim to deepen our understanding of immune regulation and provide a scientific basis for the development of more effective cancer treatment strategies.AIM To explore the role of circulating and infiltrating B cell subsets in the immune microenvironment of CRC,explore the potential driving mechanism of B cell development,analyze the interaction between B cells and other immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the functions of communication molecules,and search for possible regulatory pathways to promote the anti-tumor effects of B cells.METHODS A total of 69 paracancer(normal),tumor and peripheral blood samples were collected from 23 patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/).After the immune cells were sorted by multicolor flow cytometry,the single cell transcriptome and B cell receptor group library were sequenced using the 10X Genomics platform,and the data were analyzed using bioinformatics tools such as Seurat.The differences in the number and function of B cell infiltration between tumor and normal tissue,the interaction between B cell subsets and T cells and myeloid cell subsets,and the transcription factor regulatory network of B cell subsets were explored and analyzed.RESULTS Compared with normal tissue,the infiltrating number of CD20+B cell subsets in tumor tissue increased significantly.Among them,germinal center B cells(GCB)played the most prominent role,with positive clone expansion and heavy chain mutation level increasing,and the trend of differentiation into memory B cells increased.However,the number of plasma cells in the tumor microenvironment decreased significantly,and the plasma cells secreting IgA antibodies decreased most obviously.In addition,compared with the immune microenvironment of normal tissues,GCB cells in tumor tissues became more closely connected with other immune cells such as T cells,and communication molecules that positively regulate immune function were significantly enriched.CONCLUSION The role of GCB in CRC tumor microenvironment is greatly enhanced,and its affinity to tumor antigen is enhanced by its significantly increased heavy chain mutation level.Meanwhile,GCB has enhanced its association with immune cells in the microenvironment,which plays a positive anti-tumor effect.

Isogeometric Analysis of Longitudinal Displacement of a Simplified Tunnel Model Based on Elastic Foundation Beam

Serious uneven settlement of the tunnel may directly cause safety problems.At this stage,the deformation of the tunnel is predicted and analyzed mainly by numerical simulation,while the commonly used finite element method(FEM)uses low-order continuous elements.Therefore,the accuracy of tunnel settlement prediction is not enough.In this paper,a method is proposed to study the vertical deformation of the tunnel by using the combination of isogeometric analysis(IGA)and Bézier extraction operator.Compared with the traditional IGA method,this method can be easily integrated into the existing FEM framework,and ensure the same accuracy.A numerical example of an elastic foundation beam subjected to uniformly distributed load and an engineering example of an equivalent elastic foundation beamof the tunnel are given.The results show that the solution of the IGA method is closer to the theoretical solution of the initial-parameter method than the FEM,and the accuracy and reliability of the proposedmodel are verified.Moreover,it not only provides some theoretical support for the longitudinal design of the tunnel,but also provides a new way for the application and popularization of IGA in tunnel engineering.

Investigation and Countermeasures of the Development of Chinese Pharmaceutical E-commerce in the B2C Model Based on PEST-SWOT Analysis

Objective To analyze the problems of pharmaceutical e-commerce and provide strategies for its development in the future B2C mode since drug network management has great potential in China.Methods By collecting,identifying,and conducting literature research,PEST-SWOT identification and positioning of pharmaceutical e-commerce in the B2C mode were carried out.Results and Conclusion A PEST-SWOT analysis matrix was established to analyze the status of B2C pharmaceutical e-commerce,and to summarize its advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and threats from four perspectives of politics,economy,society and technology.Suggestions on cultivating compound talents proficient in medicine and e-commerce,exploring online payment methods for medical insurance,integration of upstream and downstream of the industrial chain and data sharing are put forward to promote the healthy and long-term development of pharmaceutical e-commerce under the background of big data.

Data mining-based analysis of acupoint selection patterns for chronic hepatitis B infection

Background:The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and principles of acupoints applied for treating chronic hepatitis B infection.Methods:The published clinical studies on acupuncture for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection were gathered from various databases,including SinoMed,Chongqing Vip,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,the Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science and Embase.Excel 2019 was utilized to establish a database of acupuncture prescriptions and conduct statistics on the frequency,meridian application,distribution and specific points,as well as SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.0 to conduct association rule analysis and cluster analysis to investigate the characteristics and patterns of acupoint selection.Results:A total of 42 studies containing 47 acupoints were included,with a total frequency of 286 acupoints.The top five acupoints used were Zusanli(ST36),Ganshu(BL18),Yanglingquan(GB34),Sanyinjiao(SP6)and Taichong(LR3),and the most commonly used meridians was the Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang.The majority of acupuncture points are located in the lower limbs,back,and lumbar regions,with a significant percentage of them being Five-Shu acupoints.The strongest acupoint combination identified was Zusanli(ST36)–Ganshu(BL18),in addition to which 13 association rules and 4 valid clusters were obtained.Conclusion:Zusanli(ST36)–Ganshu(BL18)could be considered a relatively reasonable prescription for treating chronic hepatitis B infection in clinical practice.However,further high-quality studies are needed.

Interface analysis of 7B52 Al alloy laminated composite fabricated by hot-roll bonding

The bonding interface of 7B52 Al alloy laminated composite （ALC） fabricated by hot rolling was investigated using optical microscopy （OM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, ultrasonic flaw detection （UFD）, and bonding strength tests. The results show that metallurgical bonding is achieved at the interface after composite rolling. The TEM analysis and tensile tests indicate that the 7B52 ALC plate combines high strength of the hard individual layer and good toughness of the soft individual layer. However, UFD technology and SEM analysis prove that the defects （thick oxide films, acid washed residues, air, oil and coarse particles） existing in the bonding interface are harmful to the bonding strength. To sum up, the composite roiling process is suitable for 7B52 ALC plate, and the content and size of the defects should be controlled strictly. Advanced surface treatment of each individual layer would be beneficial to further improve the bonding quality.

Thermodynamics analysis and precipitation behavior of fine carbide in K416B Ni-based superalloy with high W content during creep

The precipitation behavior of carbide in K416 B superalloy was investigated by means of creep measurement and microstructure observation. The results show that nanometer M6 C particles discontinuously precipitate in the γ matrix or along the γ/γ′ interface of the alloy during high temperature tensile creep. Thereinto, the amount of fine M6 C carbide increases as creep goes on, and the coherent interfaces of M6 C phase precipitating from the γ matrix are {100} and {111} planes. The thermodynamics analysis indicates that the solubility of element carbon in the matrix decreases when the alloy is deformed by the axial tensile stress during creep, so as to cause the carbon segregating in the regions of stress concentration and combining with carbide-forming elements M（W, Co）, which promotes the fine M6 C carbide to precipitate from the γ matrix.

血友病B治疗药物情报分析

血友病B(HB)是一种X染色体隐性遗传出血性疾病。过去几十年来,HB治疗取得了巨大进展。从凝血酶原复合物到血源性凝血因子提高了治疗安全性,从标准半衰期重组凝血因子到生物工程长效重组凝血因子改善了患者依从性和临床结局。非因子替代疗法不但能够通过皮下给药为患者减轻治疗负担,还避免了产生抑制物的风险,同时为已产生抑制物的患者提供了新的治疗方案。腺相关病毒载体基因治疗开启了HB的新篇章,目前已有一种基因治疗在美国获批上市。该文通过对欧美等发达国家及中国上市药物信息追踪,对在研药物研发管线及主要研究成果等信息进行挖掘,对HB治疗药物进行全视角、全周期情报解读,以期为医疗机构及相关研发单位提供参考。

B亚型新等位基因803delC的分子生物学研究

目的分析研究1例新的B亚型等位基因血清学特点和分子生物学机制。方法应用血清学方法检测患者ABO血型。应用序列特异性引物-聚合酶链反应(PCR-SSP)检测ABO血型基因。应用Sanger基因序列分析检测ABO基因1~7外显子编码区域,确定基因突变位点。结果血清学鉴定患者正定型为O型,反定型为B型。PCR-SSP基因分型结果为A/O型,存在A基因,与血清学结果不符。进一步Sanger双链测序结果显示该标本在ABO^(*)B.01/ABO^(*)O.01.01的基础上,第7外显子803位置缺失C碱基。该突变最终导致多肽链上发生p.Ala268Gly和p.Phe269Ser的氨基酸替换,并且从269位置开始产生新的开放阅读框,新的开放阅读框第20号氨基酸为终止密码子,导致B基因表达终止。进一步ABO基因克隆测序证明该突变点位于ABO*B.01基因上,该突变已提交NCBI数据库,收录编号为OR343908。结论在中国人群中发现1种新的导致B变异型的ABO等位基因,基因检测方法可辅助鉴定血清学正、反定型不符的疑难血型。

基于声发射b值分析的风力机叶片材料损伤特性研究

风力发电机叶片主要材料玻璃纤维环氧树脂增强复合材料(GFRP)的损伤,会造成叶片寿命减少甚至断裂,必须进行损伤检测。采用声发射方法可分析GFRP复合材料损伤特性,实现在线监测叶片性能。该文采用声发射b值特征来表征GFRP损伤程度,并通过主成分分析和k-均值++算法进行声发射参数聚类来分析GFRP损坏模式。结果表明:1)对整个声发射事件进行b值分析,观察到GFRP试样在断裂前b值呈明显下降趋势,表明b值的变化率可作为材料断裂的预警信号。2)根据主成分分析9种声发射参数所占主成分比重,选择声发射信号的幅度、峰值频率两个特征参数。通过k-均值++算法对特征参数进行聚类分析,发现拉伸过程的声发射信号分为了4个簇,并找到每个簇的特征频率。3)通过使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对GFRP试样拉伸断口进行观察,得到4个簇分别对应于基体开裂、纤维/基体脱粘、分层和纤维断裂4种损伤模式。基于声发射b值分析方法适用于GFRP损伤特性研究,可在风力发电机叶片损伤检测领域推广。

不同病情乙型肝炎患者HBV-DNA定量、两对半检测结果差异

目的分析乙型肝炎患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)-DNA定量检测与两对半检测结果的相关性,并观察不同病情HBV-DNA阳性率和两对半检测结果差异。方法选取江苏省泰兴市人民医院2021年4月至2023年4月收治的375例乙型肝炎患者病例为研究资料。比较不同乙肝两对半检测[乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙肝e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝e抗体(HBeAb)、乙肝核心抗体(HBcAb)]结果患者HBV-DNA定量检测结果差异,将患者根据HBV-DNA定量检测结果分为阳性组和阴性组,比较乙肝两对半结果差异,使用Pearson相关性分析;将患者根据疾病类型分为肝炎组、肝硬化组和肝癌组,比较三组患者乙肝两对半和HBV-DNA定量检测结果差异。结果不同乙肝两对半类型患者HBV-DNA阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HBV-DNA阳性组患者HBsAg、HBeAg水平高于HBV-DNA阴性组,HBsAb、HBeAb、HBcAb水平低于HBV-DNA阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HBsAg、HBeAg水平与HBV-DNA呈正相关(P<0.05),HBsAb、HBeAb、HBcAb水平与HBV-DNA呈负相关(P<0.05);不同疾病类型患者乙肝两对半类型HBV-DNA阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同疾病类型患者HBV-DNA定量检测结果比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙型肝炎患者HBV-DNA定量检测与两对半检测结果有相关性,不同乙肝两对半类型间及不同疾病类型间HBV-DNA均有差异,HBV-DNA定量检测联合两对半检测可较好地反映病毒复制和疾病进展情况,为临床治疗提供指导。

GZMB联合PD1在乳腺癌患者不同分期中的表达及与血常规的关系研究

目的探讨颗粒酶B(GZMB)联合程序性死亡分子1(PD1)在乳腺癌患者不同分期中的表达及与血常规的关系。方法选择2021年6月—2023年6月乳腺癌患者66例为观察组,根据肿瘤分期分为T1N0M0组、T2N0M0组、T2N1M0组、T3N0M0组及T3N1M0组;选择同期治疗的乳腺良性肿物患者9例为对照组。采用流式细胞仪测定各组GZMB及PD1水平,采用血细胞分析仪测定白细胞计数(WBC)、淋巴细胞(L)及淋巴细胞百分比(L%),对乳腺癌病例GZMB、PD1与血常规水平进行相关性分析,并完成GZMB联合PD1诊断效能分析。结果观察组GZMB及PD1水平高于对照组(P<0.05);WBC、L及L%水平低于对照组(P<0.05);T3N1M0组GZMB及PD1水平高于其余四组(P<0.05);WBC、L及L%水平低于其余四组(P<0.05);患者肿瘤分期越高,GZMB、PD1水平越高,WBC、L及L%水平越低;相关性结果表明,乳腺癌患者GZMB及PD1水平与WBC、L及L%呈负相关性(P<0.05);ROC曲线结果表明,GZMB联合PD1在乳腺癌患者诊断效能高于单一GZMB和PD1指标(P<0.05)。结论GZMB在乳腺癌患者中呈高表达,PD1呈低表达,且不同分期下表达水平存在差异,与血常规水平存在相关性;GZMB联合PD1用于乳腺癌患者中可获得较高的诊断效能。

1例抗GABA_(B)R抗体相关脑炎的全程化药学监护和用药分析

1例67岁男性患者因“阵发性抽搐发作2周余”入院,诊断为抗γ-氨基丁酸B型受体(GABA_(B)R)抗体相关脑炎。入院后给予免疫治疗,治疗过程中出现癫痫持续状态、肺部感染、低蛋白血症、凝血功能异常等。临床药师结合患者病情,在免疫治疗方案的选择上给予甲泼尼龙联合静脉注射免疫球蛋白,在需要抗感染治疗时给予美罗培南(1 g q8h ivgtt);应用多烯磷脂酰胆碱护肝,给予氨溴索联合布地奈德改善肺功能,应用低分子量肝素钙预防血栓形成,对患者的营养和电解质平衡方面进行监护,给予患者全程化监护,最终患者病情好转出院。

甲状腺弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤临床病理特征、基因突变谱及预后分析

目的·探究甲状腺弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)临床病理特征、基因突变谱及预后相关因素。方法·回顾性分析2003年11月—2021年12月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院收治的66例初次诊断为甲状腺DLBCL患者[原发甲状腺DLBCL 23例(34.8%),继发甲状腺DLBCL 43例(65.2%)]的临床病理资料,并进行生存和预后因素分析。其中40例甲状腺DLBCL患者进行了靶向测序(55个淋巴瘤相关基因)以评估基因突变情况。结果·继发甲状腺DLBCL患者Ann Arbor分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期(P=0.000)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)升高(P=0.043)、结外器官受累数目≥2个(P=0.000)、非生发中心来源(non-GCB)(P=0.030)、MYC和BCL2蛋白双表达(double expression,DE)(P=0.026)、国际预后指数3~5分(P=0.000)的比例高于原发甲状腺DLBCL患者,其接受甲状腺手术切除的比例(P=0.012)低于原发甲状腺DLBCL患者。原发甲状腺DLBCL患者完全缓解(complete response,CR)率高于继发患者(P=0.039)。55例患者(83%)接受以利妥昔单克隆抗体联合环磷酰胺、阿霉素、长春新碱及泼尼松(R-CHOP)为基础的一线治疗方案,其中原发甲状腺DLBCL患者预期5年无进展生存(progress free survive,PFS)率95.0%,高于继发患者的49.7%(P=0.010)。单因素分析显示:Ann ArborⅢ~Ⅳ期(HR=4.411,95%CI 1.373~14.170)、LDH升高(HR=5.500,95%CI 1.519~19.911)、non-GCB(HR=5.291,95%CI 1.667~16.788)、DE(HR=6.178,95%CI 1.813~21.058)是甲状腺DLBCL患者PFS的不良预后因素;Ann ArborⅢ~Ⅳ期(HR=7.088,95%CI 0.827~60.717)、LDH升高(HR=6.982,95%CI 0.809~60.266)、DE(HR=18.079,95%CI 1.837~177.923)是总生存(overall survival,OS)时间的不良预后因素。多因素分析显示:Ann ArborⅢ~Ⅳ期(HR=4.693,95%CI 1.218~18.081)和LDH升高(HR=5.058,95%CI 1.166~21.941)是甲状腺DLBCL患者PFS的独立不良预后因素。靶向测序结果显示,TET2(n=14,35%)、KMT2D(n=13,32%)、TP53(n=11,28%)、GNA13(n=10,25%)、KMT2C(n=9,22%)突变频率>20%,且TP53突变是甲状腺DLBCL患者PFS的不良预后因素(P=0.000)。结论·原发甲状腺DLBCL生存情况优于继发甲状腺DLBCL。Ann ArborⅢ~Ⅳ期、LDH升高、non-GCB、DE(MYC和BCL2)是影响甲状腺DLBCL患者的不良预后因素。TET2、KMT2D、TP53、GNA13、KMT2C是甲状腺DLBCL中常见的高突变基因,TP53突变的患者预后不佳。

Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of an Orf Virus Isolated from an Outbreak in Boer Goat in Shanxi Province

To identify and analyze the Orf virus in Shanxi Province, China, an Orf virus strain was successfully isolated from crust materials of boer goat with clinical sore mouth symptom from a goat farm of Shanxi Province by passaging in lamb testis （LT）. The Orf virus was identified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） test, recurrent infection test, transmission electron microscopy, and PCR. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of two genes of the Orf virus were analyzed. The results showed that under the electron microscopy the virus had a presence of typical parapoxvirus virions and there were many eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions observed by hematoxylin-eosin （H＆E） stain. In ELISA test, optical density （OD） readings of the sample showed a positive result, and the rabbits infected with the virus showed a typically Orf virus-infected appearance. All these findings proved that the sample was an Orf virus. The phylogenetic studies of Orf B2L and Orf F1L genes showed that the virus clustered in different branches and were closer to the Orf virus Nantou （DQ904351） and the OV-SA00 isolates （AY386264）. Furthermore, the above results may provide some insight into the genotype of the etiological agent responsible for the Orf outbreak in Shanxi Province, and could also provide a comparative view of the B2L and F1L genes of parapoxvirus.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in Brassica juncea

Anthocyanins confer the wide range of colors for plants and also play beneficial health roles as potentially protective factors against heart disease and cancer. Brassica juncea is cultivated as an edible oil resource and vegetable crop worldwide, thus elucidating the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway would be helpful to improve the nutritional quality of Brassica juncea through the breeding and cultivating of high anthocyanin content varieties. Herein, 129 genes in B. juncea were identified as orthologs of 41 anthocyanin biosynthetic genes(ABGs) in Arabidopsis thaliana by comparative genomic analyses. The B. juncea ABGs have expanded by whole genome triplication and subsequent allopolyploidizatoin, but lost mainly during the whole genome triplication between B. rapa/B. nigra and A. thaliana, rather than the allopolyploidization process between B. juncea and B. rapa/B. nigra, leading to different copy numbers retention of A. thaliana homologous genes. Although the overall expansion levels ABGs were similar to the whole genome, more negative regulatory genes were retained in the anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory system. Transcriptional analysis of B. juncea with different anthocyanin accumulation showed that BjDFR, BjTT19, BjTT8 are significantly up-regulated in plants with purple leaves as compared with green leaves. The overexpression of BjTT8 and these target genes which were involved in late anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport might account for increasing levels of anthocyanin accumulation in purple leaves. Our results could promote the understanding of the genetic mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. juncea.

基于VOSviewer的多黏菌素B研究进展分析

目的基于Web of Science,PubMed数据库,分析多黏菌素B的研究热点和发展趋势。方法以“polymyxin B,Aerosporin”为检索词在Web of Science核心数据集和PubMed中检索近5年的英文文献。用VOS viewer作关键词和研究热点分析,总结多黏菌素B的抗菌机制、耐药性机制与检测方法、药代动力学及其临床应用情况。结果共纳入分析英文文献2012篇(2019年1月1日-2023年12月8日),发文量整体呈上升趋势。澳大利亚莫纳什大学发文量最多,学者Li Jian被收录的文献最多。中国发文量最高,美国总被引频次最高。结论多黏菌素B的耐药性机制、药代动力学和联合治疗方案优化是目前的研究热点。其中脓毒症是近年来多黏菌素B的关注焦点。

Collagen proportionate area of liver tissue determined by digital image analysis in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: The accurate assessment of the degree of hepatic fibrosis plays a critical role in guiding the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment of chronic liver diseases. Liver biopsy is currently the most reliable method to evaluate the severity of hepatic fibrosis. However, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure associated with morbidity and mortality, and has several limitations in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. There is no report on the collagen proportionate area (CPA) of liver tissue in the decompensated stage of cirrhosis. This study aimed to determine the CPA of resected liver tissue samples from patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis using digital image analysis, and to analyze the relationship between the CPA and liver functional reserve. METHODS: Fifty-three resected liver tissue samples from liver transplant patients with chronic hepatitis B-induced decompensated cirrhosis were stained with Masson’s trichrome, and the CPA in these samples was quantitatively determined using digital image analysis. The values of relevant liver function just before liver transplantation, the CPA in liver tissue, and their correlation were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean CPA at the decompensated stage of cirrhosis was 35.93±14.42% (11.24%-63.41%). The correlation coefficients of the CPA with a model for end-stage liver disease score, serum total bilirubin and international standard ratio of prothrombin B were 0.553, 0.519 and 0.533, respectively (P<0.001). With increasing CPA values, the three indices reflecting liver functional reserve also changed significantly.CONCLUSIONS: The degree of fibrosis may be correlated with the functional reserve. With the advancement of fibrosis, the liver functional reserve is attenuated accordingly.

Progress in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure treatment in China:A large,multicenter,retrospective cohort study using a propensity score matching analysis

Background:Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF)has a high short-term mortality.However,the treatment progression for HBV-ACLF in China in the past decade has not been well characterized.The present study aimed to determine whether the HBV-ACLF treatment has significantly improved during the past decade.Methods:This study retrospectively compared short-term(28/56 days)survival rates of two different nationwide cohorts(cohort I:2008-2011 and cohort II:2012-2015).Eligible HBV-ACLF patients were enrolled retrospectively.Patients in the cohorts I and II were assigned either to the standard medical therapy(SMT)group(cohort I-SMT,cohort II-SMT)or artificial liver support system(ALSS)group(cohort IALSS,cohort II-ALSS).Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to eliminate baseline differences,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent factors for 28-day survival.Results:Short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were significantly higher in the ALSS group than those in the SMT group(P<0.05)and were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I(P<0.001).After propensity score matching,short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I for both SMT(60.7%vs.53.0%,50.0%vs.39.8%,P<0.05)and ALSS(66.1%vs.56.5%,53.0%vs.44.4%,P<0.05)treatments.The 28-day survival rate was higher in patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs than in patients without such treatments(P=0.046).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ALSS(OR=0.962,95%CI:0.951-0.973,P=0.038),nucleos(t)ide analogs(OR=0.927,95%CI:0.871-0.983,P=0.046),old age(OR=1.028,95%CI:1.015-1.041,P<0.001),total bilirubin(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.003,P=0.004),INR(OR=1.569,95%CI:1.044-2.358,P<0.001),COSSH-ACLF grade(OR=2.683,95%CI:1.792-4.017,P<0.001),and albumin(OR=0.952,95%CI:0.924-0.982,P=0.002)were independent factors for 28-day mortality.Conclusions:The treatment for patients with HBV-ACLF has improved in the past decade.

血清ALT串联HBsAg和串联HBV DNA识别HBeAg阳性慢性HBV感染非活动性肝炎的性能评价

乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)阳性的慢性HBV感染依次经历非活动性肝炎(non-aggressive hepatitis,NAH)和活动性肝炎(aggressive hepatitis,AH)2个分期,但仍缺乏界定HBeAg阳性NAH与AH的可靠标准。本文根据179例患者的长期随访队列,以自发性HBeAg血清转换作为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析,指定了丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)、HBV表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)和HBV DNA识别HBeAg阳性NAH的功能截断值;在此基础上,评价了ALT串联HBsAg和串联HBV DNA识别HBeAg阳性NAH的性能。结果显示,ALT≤60 IU/L、HBsAg>4.602 log10IU/mL和HBV DNA>7.477 log10IU/mL为识别HBeAg阳性NAH的功能截断值。基于功能截断值,ALT串联HBsAg的患者中,病理学分级≤G1和“分级≤G1且分期≤S2”的构成比均为100%,病理学分期≤S1和“分级≤G2且分期≤S1”的构成比均为68.2%;ALT串联HBV DNA的患者中,病理学分级≤G1和“分级≤G1且分期≤S2”的构成比均为86.2%,病理学分期≤S1和“分级≤G2且分期≤S1”的构成比均为69.0%;ALT串联HBsAg识别病理学分级≤G1和“分级≤G1且分期≤S2”的阳性似然比均为+∞,识别病理学分期≤S1和“分级≤G2且分期≤S1”的阳性似然比均为2.034;ALT串联HBV DNA识别病理学分级≤G1和“分级≤G1且分期≤S2”的阳性似然比分别为3.000和3.068,识别病理学分期≤S1和“分级≤G2且分期≤S1”的阳性似然比均为2.106。以上结果提示,ALT串联HBsAg和串联HBV DNA均可有效识别HBeAg阳性NAH;且ALT串联HBsAg识别HBeAg阳性NAH的性能优于ALT串联HBV DNA。

Improved wavelet analysis in enhancing Electromagnetic Campatibility of underground monitoring system in coal mine

Underground Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) has become so serious that there were false alarms in monitoring system,which induced troubles of coal mine safety in production.In order to overcome difficulties caused by the explosion-proof enclosure of the equipments and the limitation of multiple startup and stop in transient process during EMI measurement,a novel technique was proposed to measure underground EMI distri- bution indirectly and enhance Electromagnetic Campatibility(EMC) of the monitoring sys- tem.The wavelet time-frequency analysis was introduced to underground monitoring sys- tem.Therefore,the sources,the startup time,duration and waveform of EMI could be as- certained correctly based on running records of underground electric equipments.The electrical fast transient/burst (EFT/B) was studied to verify the validity of wavelet analysis. EMI filter was improved in accordance of the EMI distribution gotten from wavelet analysis. Power port immunity was developed obviously.In addition,the method of setting wavelet thresholds was amended based upon conventional thresholds in the wavelet filter design. Therefore the EFT/B of data port was restrained markedly with the wavelet filtering.Coor- dinative effect of EMI power and wavelet filter makes false alarms of monitoring system reduce evidently.It is concluded that wavelet analysis and the improved EMI filter have enhanced the EMC of monitoring system obviously.