Pharmacokinetics of Gelsemium elegans in female rats

Background:Gelsemium elegans Benth(G.elegans)is a poisonous perennial evergreen vine plant that has been applied in livestock production and veterinary clinical practice.Early studies found that the toxicity of G.elegans showed significant gender differences in rats,but the underlying reasons for this difference are still not well understood.Methods:In order to explore whether the gender differences in the toxicity of G.elegans are related to pharmacokinetic differences,based on the previous pharmacokinetic study of multiple components of G.elegans in male rats,this study used HPLC-MS/MS method established in the laboratory to conduct a pharmacokinetic study of multiple alkaloids in the plasma of female rats after a single gavage administration of G.elegans(dose of 0.1 g/kg).Results:Through detection,17 alkaloid components in the plasma of female rats were identified,and the pharmacokinetic parameters of 11 of these alkaloids were calculated.We find that in female rats.The T_(max)values were generally less than 0.5 h,and the T_(1/2)values exceeded 3 h,with the longest reaching up to 32.80 h half elimination time.Additionally,the C_(max)and AUC results indicated that female rats had generally higher absorption and exposure levels for most alkaloids.Conclusion:These results suggest that the reason for the differences in the toxicology of G.elegans may be related to the absorption and exposure of gelsemidine-type alkaloids in animals.

Two new benzofuran lignan glycosides from Gelsemium elegans

Two new benzofuran lignan glycosides, gelsemiunoside A and B, were isolated from the whole plant of Gelsemium elegans Benth. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Furthermore, gelsemiunoside A and B were shown a potent cytotoxic activity by suppressing the proliferation of A375-S2 cells.

STUDIES ON THE INDOLE ALKALOIDS OF GELSEMIUM ELEGANS

The modified Hofmann degradation of koumine(1) has proved abortive. The struture and stereochemistry of the main product(3) were deduced by spectral methods and confirmed by X-ray diffration analysis. From the roots of Gelsemium elegans, dihydrokounine was first isolated as a natural product.

An integrated strategy toward comprehensive characterization and quantification of multiple components from herbal medicine: An application study in Gelsemium elegans

Objective: To develop a powerful integrated strategy based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(LC-MS) systems for the comprehensive characterization and quantification of multiple components of herbal medicines.Methods: Firstly, different mobile phase additives, analysis time, and MS acquisition modes were orthogonally tested with liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-QTOF/MS) in order to detect as many components of Gelsemium elegans as possible with high peak intensity. Secondly, several data mining strategies, including database searching, diagnostic ion filtering and neutral loss filtering, were utilized to perform chemical profiling. Subsequently, this study focused on the quantification and validation of the performance of a liquid chromatography-triple mass spectrometry(LC-Qq Q/MS) assay based on derivative multiple reaction monitoring(De MRM).Results: A total of 147 components from G. elegans were characterized, among them 116 nontarget components were reported for the first time. A sensitive and reproducible LC-Qq Q/MS method was successfully developed and validated for the simultaneous relative quantification of 41 components of G. elegans.This LC-Qq Q/MS method was then applied to compare the contents of components in the roots, stems and leaves.Conclusion: The present integrated strategy would significantly contribute to chemical studies on herbal medicine, and its utility could be extended to other research fields, such as metabolomics, quality control,and pharmacokinetics.