Organ-specific alterations in circadian genes by vertical sleeve gastrectomy in an obese diabetic mouse model

Current therapies for obesity and related complications have been shown to have limited benefits,including unsatisfactory weight loss and poor metabolic improvement.With recent developments in bariatric surgery,promising advancements have been made in clinical and scientific research,particularly in the management of obesity and diabetes.Vertical sleeve gastrectomy(VSG)has become increasingly popular due to its safety,simplicity,

Single-cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Sexually Dimorphic Transcriptome and Type 2 Diabetes Genes in Mouse Islet β Cells

Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is characterized by the malfunction of pancreaticβcells.Susceptibility and pathogenesis of T2D can be affected by multiple factors,including sex differences.However,the mechanisms underlying sex differences in T2D susceptibility and pathogenesis remain unclear.Using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq),we demonstrate the presence of sexually dimorphic transcriptomes in mouseβcells.Using a high-fat diet-induced T2D mouse model,we identified sex-dependent T2D altered genes,suggesting sex-based differences in the pathological mechanisms of T2D.Furthermore,based on islet transplantation experiments,we found that compared to mice with sexmatched islet transplants,sex-mismatched islet transplants in healthy mice showed down-regulation of genes involved in the longevity regulating pathway ofβcells.Moreover,the diabetic mice with sex-mismatched islet transplants showed impaired glucose tolerance.These data suggest sexual dimorphism in T2D pathogenicity,indicating that sex should be considered when treating T2D.We hope that our findings could provide new insights for the development of precision medicine in T2D.

Roles of Loss of Chromosome 14q Allele in the Prognosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma with C-reactive Protein Abnormity

Background：Renal cell carcinoma （RCC） is frequently associated with paraneoplastic inflammatory syndrome （PIS）.This study aimed at exploring the connections between the survival rate and specific gene alterations and the potential mechanism.Methods：We retrospectively studied 69 surgical RCC cases from August 2014 to February 2016,including 18 cases of clear cell RCC （ccRCC） demonstrating elevated pretreatment serum C-reactive protein （CRP,Group A）.Twelve of the 18 cases were symptomized with febrile episode.We also selected 49 cases ofccRCC with normal pretreatment CRP （Group B）.Using 22 microsatellite markers,we compared the incidence of loss of heterozygosity （LOH） between Group A and Group B.All statistical tests are two-sided.Results：The 3p LOH was common in both Group A （89%） and Group B （92%）.The frequency of 14q LOH in Group A （16 of 18） was higher than Group B （4 of 49,χ^2 =40.97 P 〈 0.0001）.The 3p and 14q LOH were the characteristics of ccRCC with elevated acute phase reactants,including PIS,regardless of the presence of metastasis.On the contrary,14q LOH was a rare genomic alternation in advanced-staged ccRCC without PIS.The overall survival of patients with elevated CRP （33.3%） was lower than its counterparts （6.1%,hazard ratio=1.852,P 〈 0.0001） in Kaplan-Meier curve.Conclusions：The results imply that the disruption ofa 14q gene（s） might result in not only the inflammatory manifestations in the tumor host but also the poor survival rate as well.The isolation of the gene（s） on 14q might be a vital goal in the treatment of PIS-associated RCC.