野生大豆(Glycine soja Sieb.&Zucc.)是栽培大豆(Glycine max [L.] Merr.)的近缘祖先种。在大豆驯化的过程中,栽培大豆丢失了大量的基因或等位变异,导致栽培大豆的遗传多样性降低,这严重限制了栽培大豆品种选育和改良的有效性与丰...野生大豆(Glycine soja Sieb.&Zucc.)是栽培大豆(Glycine max [L.] Merr.)的近缘祖先种。在大豆驯化的过程中,栽培大豆丢失了大量的基因或等位变异,导致栽培大豆的遗传多样性降低,这严重限制了栽培大豆品种选育和改良的有效性与丰富性。我国野生大豆种质资源丰富,蕴藏着许多高蛋白含量、抗病虫、耐干旱、耐盐碱等方面的潜力基因,挖掘潜力基因并利用分子设计育种技术应用到现代的栽培大豆品种中,能够有效地拓宽栽培大豆的遗传多样性。本文综述了野生大豆的分布规律和形态特征、近年来在野生大豆中发掘的重要功能基因或位点,包括百粒重、开花期和成熟期、蛋白质和油分含量、抗病、抗虫、耐盐碱、耐干旱等重要农艺性状基因,并讨论这些重要基因或位点在未来栽培大豆育种中的应用潜力,以期为育种家培育和改良大豆新品种提供一种新的育种思路和策略。展开更多
Thellungiella salsuginea （halophila） is a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. Over the last ...Thellungiella salsuginea （halophila） is a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. Over the last decade, many laboratories have started to use Thellungiella to investigate the physiological, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance in plants, and new knowledge has been gained in particular with respect to ion transport and gene expression. The advantage of Thellungiella over other extremophile model plants is that it can be directly compared with Arabidopsis, and therefore generate information on both essential and critical components of stress tolerance. Thellungiella research is supported by a growing body of technical resources comprising physiological and molecular protocols, ecotype collections, expressed sequence tags, cDNA-libraries, microarrays, and a pending genome sequence. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on Thellungiella and re-evaluates its usefulness as a model for research into plant stress tolerance.展开更多
文摘野生大豆(Glycine soja Sieb.&Zucc.)是栽培大豆(Glycine max [L.] Merr.)的近缘祖先种。在大豆驯化的过程中,栽培大豆丢失了大量的基因或等位变异,导致栽培大豆的遗传多样性降低,这严重限制了栽培大豆品种选育和改良的有效性与丰富性。我国野生大豆种质资源丰富,蕴藏着许多高蛋白含量、抗病虫、耐干旱、耐盐碱等方面的潜力基因,挖掘潜力基因并利用分子设计育种技术应用到现代的栽培大豆品种中,能够有效地拓宽栽培大豆的遗传多样性。本文综述了野生大豆的分布规律和形态特征、近年来在野生大豆中发掘的重要功能基因或位点,包括百粒重、开花期和成熟期、蛋白质和油分含量、抗病、抗虫、耐盐碱、耐干旱等重要农艺性状基因,并讨论这些重要基因或位点在未来栽培大豆育种中的应用潜力,以期为育种家培育和改良大豆新品种提供一种新的育种思路和策略。
文摘Thellungiella salsuginea （halophila） is a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. Over the last decade, many laboratories have started to use Thellungiella to investigate the physiological, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance in plants, and new knowledge has been gained in particular with respect to ion transport and gene expression. The advantage of Thellungiella over other extremophile model plants is that it can be directly compared with Arabidopsis, and therefore generate information on both essential and critical components of stress tolerance. Thellungiella research is supported by a growing body of technical resources comprising physiological and molecular protocols, ecotype collections, expressed sequence tags, cDNA-libraries, microarrays, and a pending genome sequence. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on Thellungiella and re-evaluates its usefulness as a model for research into plant stress tolerance.
