Polymorphism of Intron 14 of Porcine CACNA2D1 Gene and Effects on Muscular pH_(45)

[ Objective] To detect polymorphism of intron 14 of porcine CACNA2Dt gene and thus provide conditions for the marker-assisted selec- tion of pork quality traits. [Method] The polymorphism of the exon 14 and intron 14 of porcine CACNA2D1 gene was detected in six breeds by PCR- SSCP. The genetic effects of different genotypes on the pH45 value of eye muscle and ham joint muscle were also analyzed. I-Result] There were three kinds of genotypes, namely, AA, AG and GG, in the intron 14 of porcine CACNA2 DI gene. The polymorphic locus （ G --~ A） was at the 1 145 nt of the sequence （GenBank Accepted No. FJ156361 ）. The results of X2 test showed that the distribution of these three kinds of genotypes was significantly different in the six breeds （P〈0.05）. The pH45 values of eye muscle and ham joint muscle were significantly different between geno- type AA and genotype AG of pigs in F2 generation from the Jianhua x Pietrain resource family （ P 〈 0.05）. [Conclusion ] The polymorphism of the in- tron 14 of porcine CACNA2D1 gene has effects on the pH45 values of eye muscle and ham joint muscle.

Polymorphisms in CYP2R1 Gene Associated with Serum Vitamin D Levels and Status in a Chinese Rural Population

Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin and endocrine horm one, and it impacts various bone and extra-bone health, such as osteoporosis, diabetes, and cancer. The main circulating form of vitamin D is 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and it is a useful clinical biomarker of vitamin D status. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defines as vitamin D deficiency (VDD) when serum 25(OH)D concentration is less than 20 ng/mL⑴.Worldwide, VDD is recognized as a severe public health problem. In 2007, Holick estimated that globally over one billion people suffered from VDD or vitamin D insufficiency (VDI). In China, it has bee n reported that the prevale nee of VDD ranged from 38.8% to 91.2% in different regions.

Exploration and Validation of the Potential Downstream Genes Underlying ipa1-2D Locus for Rice Panicle Branching

In recent years,some super hybrid rice varieties were bred with strong culms and large panicles,which are mainly contributed by the ipa1-2D locus.A gain-of-function allele of OsSPL14 is the ipa1-2D and it can greatly increase the panicle primary branch number.However,the key downstream genes mediating this trait variation are not fully explored.In this study,we developed high-quality near-isogenic lines(NILs)with a difference of only 30 kb chromosomal segment covering the ipa1-2D locus.Using the NILs,we explored the impact of ipa1-2D on five sequential stages of early inflorescence development,and found that the locus can greatly enhance the initiation of primary branch meristems.A transcriptomic analysis was performed to unveil the downstream molecular network of ipa1-2D,and 87 genes were found differentially expressed,many of which are involved in metabolism and catalysis processes.In addition,transgenic lines of overexpression and RNA interference were generated to shape different levels of OsSPL14.They were also used to validate the expression variation explored by transcriptome.Based on the gene annotation,twelve potential downstream targets of ipa1-2D were selected,and their expression variation was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis both in NILs and transgenic lines.This research expands the molecular network underlying ipa1-2D and provides novel gene information which might be involved in the control of panicle branching.We discussed the potential function of identified genes and highlighted their values for future function exploration and breeding application.

SPECT imaging of cardiac reporter gene expression in living rabbits

This work is to demonstrate feasibility of imaging the expression of herpes simplex virus 1-thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) reporter gene in rabbits myocardium by using the reporter probe 131I-2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-1-β-D- arabinofuranosyl-5-iodouracil (131I-FIAU) and SPECT. Rabbits of the study group received intramyocardial injection of Ad5-tk and control group received aseptic saline injection. Two sets of experiments were performed on the study group. Rabbits of the 1st set were injected with 131I-FIAU 600 μCi at Day 2 after intramyocardial transfection of Ad5-tk in 1×109, 5×108, 1×108, 5×107 and 1×107 pfu, and heart SPECT imaging was done at different hours. Rabbits of the 2nd were transferred various titers of Ad5-tk (1×109, 5×108, 1×108, 5×107, 1×107 pfu) to determine the threshold and optimal viral titer needed for detection of gene expression. Two days later, 131I-FIAU was injected and heart SPECT imaging was performed at 6, 24 and 48 h, before killing them for gamma counting of the hearts. Reverse tran- scription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to verify the transferred HSV1-tk gene expression. Semi-quantitative analysis derived of region of interest (ROI) of SPECT images and RT-PCR images was performed and the relationship of SPECT images with ex vivo gamma counting and mRNA level were evaluated. SPECT images conformed 131I-FIAU accumulation in rabbits injected with Ad5-tk in the anterolateral wall. The optimal images qual- ity was obtained at 24~48 h for different viral titers. The highest radioactivity in the focal myocardium was seen at 6 h, and then declined with time. The threshold was 5×107 pfu of virus titer. The result could be set better in 1~5×108 pfu by SPECT analysis and gamma counting. ROI-derived semi-quantitative study on SPECT images correlated well with ex vivo gamma counting and mRNA levels from RT-PCR analysis. The HSV1-tk/131I-FIAU reporter gene/reporter probe system is feasible for cardiac SPECT reporter gene imaging. The optimal Ad5-tk titer is 1~5×108 pfu and optimal imaging time is 24~48 h after transferred Ad5-tk in rabbit. The imaging of transgene expression in heart might be used for noninvasive imaging of gene therapy in cardiac diseases in human.

儿童EB病毒感染SH2D1A基因表达水平及意义

目的:研究EB病毒(EBV)感染患儿SH2D1A mRNA表达情况,探讨SH2D1A mRNA表达改变与疾病的关系及其意义。方法:选取2014年10月至2015年2月湖南省儿童医院肝病中心收治的初诊为EB病毒感染的患儿,选取同期年龄、性别与EB病毒感染组匹配的健康体检儿童为对照组。检测EB病毒感染组和对照组的SH2D1A mRNA表达水平,计算基因相对表达量,检测血生化指标。结果:EB病毒感染组共32例,其中普通传染性单核细胞增多症(普通组)20例,重症传染性单核细胞增多症(重症组)9例,慢性活动性EBV感染(慢性组)1例,EBV相关噬血淋巴组织细胞增多症(噬血组)2例;对照组10例。各组与对照组SH2D1A mRNA的相对中位表达量分别为25.78、40.14、38.72、18.27、4.65(H=10.68,P<0.05),EB病毒感染组患儿的SH2D1A mRNA表达水平显著高于对照组,重症组、慢性组SH2D1A mRNA表达水平较普通组、噬血组升高(P<0.05),但重症组与慢性组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SH2D1A mRNA表达水平与初诊时最低的纤维蛋白原、CD4+、CD4/+CD8+水平呈负相关(P均<0.05),与血清铁蛋白、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶、甘油三酯、EBV-DNA水平无相关性。结论:EBV感染患儿外周血细胞SH2D1A mRNA表达水平显著升高,造成机体细胞免疫功能紊乱。

Study of the SH3-domain GRB2-1ike 2 gene expression in laryngeal carcinoma

Background Laryngeal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the upper respiratory tract, and in 95% of cases the tumor is laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma （LSCC）. The abnormity of SH3-domain GRB2-1ike 2 （SH3GL2） gene was found in LSCC. In order to clarify the relationship between SH3GL2 gene and LSCC, we evaluated the expression of the SH3GL2 gene in LSCC. Method Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression and find the various rules of SH3GL2 gene in LSCC. Results The result of real-time PCR showed that the expression level of SH3GL2 mRNA in LSCC tissue was apparently down-regulated; immunohistochemical analysis showed that SH3GL2 protein was mainly located in cytoplasm, the rate of positive cells and SH3GL2 protein expression level were fluctuated with the pathological classification of LSCC; the result of Western blotting showed that SH3GL2 protein was down-regulated significantly in LSCC samples, especially in metastatic lymph nodes. Conclusions These results suggest that SH3GL2 is a LSCC related gene and its expression level is fluctuated with the pathological classification which indicate that SH3GL2 participates in the development and progression of LSCC. And it may be considered as a novel tumor marker to find both a new anti-oncogene and relative factors of invasion and metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma.

DNA Methylation of KLRC1 and KLRC3 in Autoimmune Thyroiditis:Perspective of Different Water Iodine Exposure

Objective This study aimed to identify differentially methylated genes(DMGs) associated with natural killer cells in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT), focusing on the influence of varying water iodine exposure levels.Methods Participants were divided into categories based on median water iodine(MWI)concentrations: iodine-fortified areas(IFA, MWI < 10 μg/L), iodine-adequate areas(IAA, 40 ≤ MWI ≤ 100μg/L), and iodine-excessive areas(IEA, MWI > 300 μg/L). A total of 176 matched AIT cases and controls were recruited and divided into 89, 40, and 47 pairs for IFA, IAA, and IEA, respectively. DMGs were identified using 850K Bead Chip analysis for 10/10 paired samples. Validation of DNA methylation and m RNA expression levels of the DMGs was conducted using Methyl Target^(TM) and QRT-PCR for 176/176paired samples.Results KLRC1, KLRC3, and SH2D1B were identified as significant DMGs. Validation revealed that KLRC1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed, whereas KLRC3 was hypermethylated and highly expressed in individuals with AIT. Furthermore, KLRC1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed in both IFA and IEA.Conclusion The DNA methylation status of KLRC1 and KLRC3 may play crucial roles in AIT pathogenesis. Additionally, DNA methylation of KLRC1 seems to be influenced by different iodine concentrations in water.

SH2D1A基因突变的淋巴瘤患儿6例病例系列报告

背景SH2D1A基因突变的儿童淋巴瘤临床罕见且有其特殊的临床特征及疾病预后。目的总结伴SH2D1A基因突变的儿童淋巴瘤临床表现、病理特点、治疗方案和预后。设计病例系列报告。方法纳入2017年6月至2022年7月于首都医科大学附属儿童医院(我院)初诊为淋巴瘤且年龄<18岁,经高通量全外显子基因测序提示SH2D1A基因突变的连续住院病例。根据病理诊断确定治疗方案:侵袭性成熟B细胞淋巴瘤基于改良的LMB89方案治疗;成熟T细胞淋巴瘤合并家族性噬血细胞综合征(HLH)患儿先以HLH方案控制病情,确诊后予SMILE方案化疗。化疗2~3个月行中期疗效评估。化疗结束后3个月评估超声和PET/CT,化疗结束第1、2年内每3个月评估瘤灶超声、肝功能、LDH和免疫功能。主要结局指标SH2D1A基因突变淋巴瘤患儿的临床特征和预后。结果6例伴SH2D1A基因突变淋巴瘤患儿,均为男性;中位发病年龄5(4~12)岁。瘤灶累及胃肠道3例,中枢神经系统、头颈部和多脏器浸润各1例;临床分期:Ⅱ期1例,Ⅲ期3例,Ⅳ期2例;病理类型:3例弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,1例高级别成熟B细胞淋巴瘤,1例伴11q异常的伯基特样淋巴瘤,1例儿童系统性EB病毒阳性T细胞淋巴瘤。5例患儿体液免疫和/或细胞免疫指标下降。5例病初全血和血浆EBV-DNA均阴性,其中2例病程中复测全血EBV-DNA上升至≥10^(5)拷贝数/mL;1例病初合并HLH,多次全血EBV-DNA为106拷贝数/mL。6例均提示SH2D1A基因突变,2例完善SAP蛋白检测未见异常;1例染色体异常。3例完成化疗,2例因HLH死亡,1例予利妥昔单抗免疫治疗。结论SH2D1A基因突变的淋巴瘤患儿临床少见,病理形态多表现为非霍奇金淋巴瘤(成熟B细胞淋巴瘤),预后较差,在合适时机考虑行异基因造血干细胞移植可改善疾病预后。

SH2D1A基因p.Pro101Leu突变的XLP-1继发噬血细胞综合征伴中枢神经系统受累1例并文献复习

为提高对X-连锁淋巴细胞增殖性疾病1型(X-linked lymphoproliferative disease 1,XLP-1)的认识,扩充我国XLP-1的病例数据,现回顾诊治的1例XLP-1患者的临床资料,并查阅相关文献,从而总结该病的临床特征、诊断及治疗等。本例患者有阳性家族史,故在首次感染即完善基因筛查,发现SH2D1A c.302C>T(p.P101 L)半合子突变,来自母亲。该患者早期仅表现为抗生素可控制的感染,直到确诊后10个月出现EBV相关噬血细胞综合征(hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,HLH),按HLH-1994方案化疗,病情缓解,但因持续EB病毒血症,并出现中枢神经系统受累,予挽救化疗后行造血干细胞移植,现患儿健康存活。故对于有阳性家族史者,以及诊断为HLH或淋巴瘤、低丙种球蛋白的男性患儿应行SH2D1A基因突变的筛查,一旦确诊为XLP-1,应尽早行造血干细胞移植。

柴胡皂苷d对SH-SY5Y细胞ERK蛋白表达及凋亡的影响

目的初步研究不同浓度的柴胡皂苷d（SSd）对SH—SY5Y细胞ERK蛋白磷酸化及细胞凋亡水平的影响。方法体外常规培养人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞，将SSd溶解于含0．3％DMSO的DEAM高糖培养基q-，分别以0～10μmol／LSSd作用于SH—SY5Y细胞48h，之后用Westernblot法检测不同浓度的SSd对SH—SY5Y细胞t-ERK1／2及p-ERK1／2蛋白表达量的影响，并通过Hoechst33342染色及流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡水平的变化。结果与对照组相比，8～10μmol／LSSd作用48h，SH—SY5Y细胞中ERKl／2蛋白磷酸化水平明显降低；而与对照组相比，8—10btmol／LSSd预处理的SH—SY5Y细胞凋亡细胞数明显增加，且随着SSd浓度的增加，凋亡细胞数也相应增多。结论一定浓度的SSd可引起SH—SY5Y细胞凋亡率的上升，其机制可能与抑制ERK蛋白磷酸化表达有关。

徐家围子地区(K_1sh+K_1yc)—K_1d_2含气系统研究与评价

对徐家围子地区(K1sh+K1yc)-K1d2含气系统天然气成藏条件描述,指出源岩、盖层、不整合面和古隆起是控制该含气系统天然气成藏与分布的主控因素,天然气成藏的主要时期为泉头组沉积末期;天然气成藏具有沿不整合面短距离运移基岩风化壳成藏、沿裂缝运移源岩区内火山岩成藏和沿砂体侧向运移地层超覆成藏3种模式。(K1sh+K1yc)—K1d2含气系统在徐家围子地区可划分为4个含气子系统:升平—汪家屯、昌德—肇州西和双城—呼兰为好含气子系统,朝长—肇东为较好含气子系统。(K1sh+K1yc)—K1d2含气系统自登三段沉积末期形成后在泉头组沉积末期-青山口组沉积时期、嫩江组沉积末期、明水组沉积末期和早第三纪末期由于T5(T4)至T3或T2断层活动开启上扩范围扩大,使得天然气成藏的空间范围增大,造成“同源多层”的天然气分布现象,同时使天然气成藏模式发生变化。

松辽盆地北部徐家围子地区K_1sh+yc～K_1d_2成藏系统特征及主控因素分析

在分析徐家围子地区K1 sh +yc～K1 d2 成藏系统成藏条件的基础上 ,指出该系统具高温、高压、高矿化度的特征。分析了该区天然气成藏主要控制因素为盖源匹配关系、盖层分布、不整合和古隆起。盖源匹配关系控制天然气分布及聚集数量。盖层分布控制天然气聚集的场所。不整合控制着天然气的运移和聚集。

维生素D受体基因多态性与2型糖尿病及血清1,25-二羟基维生素D_3的相关性研究

目的探讨维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因ApaI酶切位点多态性与2型糖尿病及血清1,25-二羟基维生素D3[1,25(OH)2D3]的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术,检测105例2型糖尿病患者和105例正常者的VDR基因型,用酶联免疫吸附(Elisa)法测定血清1,25(OH)2D3水平,并检测相关临床及生化指标,比较VDR基因型和等位基因频率的分布差异及不同基因型血清1,25(OH)2D3等相关指标的差异。结果维生素D受体基因ApaⅠ位点基因型和等位基因频率在两组中的分布差异明显(P<0.01)。糖尿病组等位基因a和基因型aa频率明显高于对照组。基因型AA组及Aa组血清1,25(OH)2D3高于基因型aa组,而收缩压、舒张压及空腹血糖低于基因型aa组,且差别有显著性意义(P<0.05或0.01)。结论 Apa I位点的VDR基因多态性与2型糖尿病存在相关性。血清1,25(OH)2D3水平、空腹血糖及血压与VDR基因多态性密切相关。

V(D)J重组起始阶段的研究进展与展望

重组激活基因(recombination activating gene)1和2编码的RAG1和RAG2蛋白通过对V(D)J重组起始阶段的调节作用,使得抗原受体基因重排严格地按组织、细胞发育阶段进行。本文将就RAG蛋白结合和催化断裂抗原受体基因机制作简要介绍。这些新发现明确了体内V(D)J重组发生的部位以及其出现错误时可能发生的地方,提示V(D)J重组机制不仅对淋巴细胞正常发育起关键性作用,而且对基因组不稳定性和淋巴系统恶性肿瘤的发生也具有重要意义。

1型糖尿病患者维生素D受体基因多态性及自身抗体的研究

目的探讨中国汉族人群中维生素D受体（VDR）基因多态性对1型糖尿病易感性的影响，及其与谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体（GADA）和酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体（IA-2A）的关联性。方法采用PCR—RFLP技术，检测93名1型糖尿病患者和122名没有亲缘关系的正常对照的VDR基因型，鉴定VDR基因上的3个限制性位点的多态性：ApaI，BsmI和TaqI，并用放射配体免疫沉淀法检测1型糖尿病患者中50人的自身抗体（GAD65，IA-2）。结果1型糖尿病患者VDR基因BsmI位点等位基因B的频率显著高于正常对照（P=0．004），基因型BB和Bb的频率也相应高于对照组（P=0．038），而ApaI和TaqI位点的多态性分布在两组间未见明显差异。1型糖尿病患者VDR基因ApaI位点不同基因型自身抗体IA-2的阳性率有一定的差异（P=0．052），即在排除病程和发病年龄等因素的影响后，aa基因型组的阳性率比AA／Aa组要高。此研究的汉族人群中的1型糖尿病患者，各基因型分布和我国台湾地区汉族患者无显著性差异，但是与克罗地亚患者存在显著性差异，A、B、t等位基因频数分布均明显低于克罗地亚人。结论汉族1型糖尿病患者中，VDR基因BsmI位点多态性可能与1型糖尿病的易感性有关。而1型糖尿病患者VDR基因多态性可能与其自身抗体I—A-2A存在一定的关联，未见与自身抗体GADA的关联。

X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症误诊1例

X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生综合征(X-1inked lymphoproliferative syndrome,XLP)是一种罕见的致命性染色体连锁的遗传免疫缺陷病,发病率为1/100万人,可于任何年龄发病,但常见于儿童及青少年,1岁以内幼儿最为常见,预后极差,病死率高达75%[1]。由于XLP临床表现复杂多样,缺乏特异性实验室检查指标,病程进展迅速而极易漏诊误诊。现报道XLP误诊1例,以供临床参考。

X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症1例

X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症是一种罕见X连锁原发性免疫缺陷疾病。该文报道了1例X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症以及家系基因。

以丙种球蛋白缺乏血症为突出表现的X连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症1型两家系研究

目的 探讨以丙种球蛋白缺乏血症为突出表现的X连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症1型（XLP-1）的临床特点、免疫学特征、SAP蛋白表达及SH2D1A基因突变情况.方法 以2016年1-6月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院风湿免疫科诊治的两家系4例（A家系例1、例2,B家系例3、例4）患儿及其亲属为研究对象,分析临床特征.采用流式细胞术分析淋巴细胞亚群、T细胞增殖功能和SAP蛋白表达,采用PCR技术检测信号结合T细胞受体删除环（sj TRECs）、TCRvβ亚家族克隆谱和SH2D1A基因.结果 （1）例1～4确诊为XLP-1,均为男性,发病年龄分别为1岁余、1岁余、1月龄余、6月龄,诊断年龄分别为9岁10月龄、16岁8月龄、14岁10月龄、4岁9月龄,均有反复严重呼吸道感染,例1、例2、例3为无丙种球蛋白血症,例4为低丙种球蛋白血症.EB病毒-PCR检测均阳性.胸部CT发现4例患儿均有肺实变不张,其中例3有支气管扩张.例3于14岁确诊为Burkitt淋巴瘤.（2）4例患儿的免疫学检查发现CD4/CD8比倒置、耗竭T细胞增多、NK细胞数量降低、B细胞总数正常,但记忆B细胞数量减少而初始B细胞正常、sj TRECs值低、TCRvβ亚家族克隆谱轻度受限、T细胞增殖正常.（3）流式细胞术检测SAP蛋白表达显示例1和例2蛋白无表达,例3和例4蛋白表达减少.（4）基因分析发现家系A中2例患儿SH2D1A基因第2外显子无义突变（c.163C＞T;p.R55X）,其母及两个同胞姐妹为携带者.家族B中2例患儿为SH2D1A基因第3外显子错义突变（c.278 G＞A;p.G93D）,其母为携带者.4例患儿目前均存活,其中例3放弃治疗,其余患儿开始接受规律静脉注射免疫球蛋白（IVIG）治疗,等待移植.结论 两家系中4例患儿均以丙种球蛋白缺乏血症为突出表现,具有EB病毒高度易感,T细胞、B细胞及NK细胞免疫功能不同程度受损,流式检测SAP蛋白表达异常和SH2D1A基因发现致病突变为诊断XLP-1依据.

X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症一个中国人家系的临床和基因研究

目的证实中国人 X-连锁淋巴细胞异常增生症(XLP)发病及其遗传规律。方法临床研究对象为先证者双亲家族三代成员共14人;回顾分析其中发病者的住院病史;现场询问无病者的生长发育史、既往史,进行体格检查,并建卡追踪。基因研究对象为先证者同胞姐姐、弟弟和双亲共4人,提取单个核淋巴细胞基因组 DNA,PCR 扩增获得 SH2D1A 基因片段,单链构象多态性分析(SSCP)检测获得发生突变的外显子片段,纯化后测序,检测基因突变情况。结果先证者及其胞兄发生伴病毒相关性噬血细胞综合征(VAHS)的致死性传染性单核细胞增多症(IM),均于病程40 d 左右死亡。基因分析结果显示:先证者之胞弟 SH2D1A 基因 cDNA 第462位核苷酸 C 碱基突变为 T 碱基,形成终止密码 TGA,随后临床确诊为朗格罕细胞组织细胞增多症(LCH)。先证者之母亲在SH2D1A 基因同样部位为 C 碱基和 T 碱基的杂合子。先证者之父和胞姐未发现 SH2D1A 基因突变,他们及其家族其他成员无类似病史。结论 (1)先证者及其胞兄弟可临床诊断为 XLP 患者。(2)先证者之胞弟可明确诊断为 XLP 患者,LCH 可能也是 XLP 的一种新的临床表型。(3)先证者之母亲为突变基因的携带者。此家族 XLP 发病符合 X 性连锁隐性遗传规律。(4)本研究建立的 SH2D1A 基因检测分析方法可适用于我国 XLP 的诊治和研究。