The lack of water resources in many regions is the main challenge for the human being and to extended investigations. Water resources controlling and management is essential in the areas depending on the seasonal rain...The lack of water resources in many regions is the main challenge for the human being and to extended investigations. Water resources controlling and management is essential in the areas depending on the seasonal rainfall. This research aims to estimate the surface water runoff for Basin of Alrakhmah Valley located in the southwestern part of Kirkuk Province in northeastern of Iraq. Analyzing of Spatial data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data has been conducted using Geographic Information System (GIS) to estimate the hydrological properties for the watershed valley with 158.5 km<sup>2</sup> surface area. The results showed that watershed valley type is from the fifth rank with a longitudinal shape and topography percentage of 0.568. The watershed textures found to be 3.24 and the drain density 1.5 at 3.49 river branching. Finally, the annual estimated surface water retreat according to the morpho-hydro climatic elements found to be 0.01286233 milliard cubic meter.展开更多
Numerical simulation modeling is a hotspot in the geological engineering computing field. Tak- ing a fast Langrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions （FLAC3D） numerical modeling on com- puting the geo-deformati...Numerical simulation modeling is a hotspot in the geological engineering computing field. Tak- ing a fast Langrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions （FLAC3D） numerical modeling on com- puting the geo-deformation information caused by the mining subsidence in a coalmine for example, a new GIS-Excel modeling method is proposed to build geologic strata within the simulation range combined with the coal-seam dip angle of the underground mining working-planes. First of all, the coal-seam model of the numerical computing is built by using the geographic information system （GIS） according to the stripe-through principle and the calculating formula on the size of the model blocks in the paper defined, then the FLAC3D numerical computing model of all geologic strata with- in the simulation range is also built based on the calculating formula of thickness of each stratum and the Excel fast computing advantages. The GIS-Excel method is good at the higher modeling accuracy, seldom making mistakes and consuming less time. The reliability and validity of the method is veri- fied well by its practical applications in the coalmine area.展开更多
文章在常规TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)模型的基础上提出空间TOPSIS模型,以安徽省休宁县为例,采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术对安徽省休宁县的滑坡易发性进行...文章在常规TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)模型的基础上提出空间TOPSIS模型,以安徽省休宁县为例,采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术对安徽省休宁县的滑坡易发性进行评价。研究表明:基于GIS的空间TOPSIS模型的滑坡易发性评价,能够处理和分析滑坡评价因子以及滑坡易发性的空间变化特征;评价结果与休宁县境内已经发生滑坡的空间分布较为吻合,评价结果较好。基于GIS的空间TOPSIS模型在滑坡易发性评价中具有较好的适用性。展开更多
目前,煤矿使用的工程专题地图基本都是CAD制图,高效提取CAD图件中的数据并快速组织成地理信息系统(GIS)服务,进而支持矿井空间对象创建和业务属性扩展,集成安全生产实时数据,是构建煤矿GIS一张图的关键。基于ArcGIS平台将CAD图件转为GI...目前,煤矿使用的工程专题地图基本都是CAD制图,高效提取CAD图件中的数据并快速组织成地理信息系统(GIS)服务,进而支持矿井空间对象创建和业务属性扩展,集成安全生产实时数据,是构建煤矿GIS一张图的关键。基于ArcGIS平台将CAD图件转为GIS服务的方法实现过程较为繁琐,且ArcGIS平台成本较高,无法较好地跨平台运行。针对该问题,设计了一种煤矿GIS一张图快速构建平台。该平台包括CAD图件管理、地图服务发布、专题地图管理3大功能模块:CAD图件管理模块用于图件基础信息管理和状态跟踪,地图服务发布模块用于地图打包发布和在线预览,专题地图管理模块用于地图服务管理、矿井对象创建及属性扩展。基于开放设计联盟(ODA)的Teigha for Java SDK实现CAD图件全要素精确识别与快速准确提取;通过构建基于GIS数据特征的煤矿CAD图件数据分层描述模型,实现了CAD图件全要素数据快速存储;按照面向对象设计思路,开发了Spring Cloud框架下的Web端煤矿CAD图件数据集存储接口及专题地图服务发布平台,实现了煤矿GIS一张图快速构建。以某煤矿采掘工程平面图为例,分别采用传统方法和快速构建平台进行煤矿GIS一张图的构建,对比结果表明,快速构建平台可大幅提高煤矿GIS一张图的构建效率,为煤矿智能化建设提供时空数字底座。展开更多
The key to develop 3-D GISs is the study on 3-D data model and data structure. Some of the data models and data structures have been presented by scholars. Because of the complexity of 3-D spatial phenomenon, there ar...The key to develop 3-D GISs is the study on 3-D data model and data structure. Some of the data models and data structures have been presented by scholars. Because of the complexity of 3-D spatial phenomenon, there are no perfect data structures that can describe all spatial entities. Every data structure has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is difficult to design a single data structure to meet different needs. The important subject in the3-D data models is developing a data model that has integrated vector and raster data structures. A special 3-D spatial data model based on distributing features of spatial entities should be designed. We took the geological exploration engineering as the research background and designed an integrated data model whose data structures integrats vector and raster data byadopting object-oriented technique. Research achievements are presented in this paper.展开更多
铁路工程是典型的带状结构,具有线长、点广等特点,为实现铁路工程全线全方位、多角度、多尺度的可视化展示及综合分析,融合建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)、地理信息系统(GIS,Geographic Information Systems)、数字...铁路工程是典型的带状结构,具有线长、点广等特点,为实现铁路工程全线全方位、多角度、多尺度的可视化展示及综合分析,融合建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)、地理信息系统(GIS,Geographic Information Systems)、数字高程、倾斜摄影及矢量地图等数据,设计并研发铁路工程电子沙盘系统。该系统通过对实体铁路工程仿真呈现,将施工过程信息动态附加,形成可交付运营维护的建设数字资产。在京张(北京—张家口)、京雄(北京—雄安)及其他重大铁路项目中的应用结果表明,电子沙盘系统具有较好的实用性、可扩展性及可视化效果,可为铁路工程各类资源高效利用、仿真分析及科学管理提供服务,也可为其他铁路项目开展电子沙盘的设计与开发提供参考。展开更多
为实现BIM(Building Information Modeling)+GIS(Geographic Information System)技术在铁路四电工程建造过程中的应用,提出铁路四电工程智能建造方案。通过构建BIM族库、参数化建模、模型轻量化等技术手段,实现模型快速生成及项目各阶...为实现BIM(Building Information Modeling)+GIS(Geographic Information System)技术在铁路四电工程建造过程中的应用,提出铁路四电工程智能建造方案。通过构建BIM族库、参数化建模、模型轻量化等技术手段,实现模型快速生成及项目各阶段数据的集成共享;设计BIM+GIS管理平台,将项目管理过程中的生产要素信息、管理要素信息与BIM模型信息、GIS技术深度融合,满足不同管理部门、不同层级用户的三维可视化、数字化、全要素信息建设管理精益化需求,实现铁路四电工程项目的数字化交付。应用表明,该方案可为推动BIM+GIS技术在铁路四电工程的应用发展提供技术支撑。展开更多
Forest fire is one of the main natural hazards because of its fierce destructiveness. Various researches on fire real time monitoring, behavior simulation and loss assessment have been carried out in many countries. A...Forest fire is one of the main natural hazards because of its fierce destructiveness. Various researches on fire real time monitoring, behavior simulation and loss assessment have been carried out in many countries. As fire prevention is probably the most efficient means for protecting forests, suitable methods should be developed for estimating the fire danger. Fire danger is composed of ecological, human and climatic factors. Therefore, the systematic analysis of the factors including forest characteristics, meteorological status, topographic condition causing forest fire is made in this paper at first. The relationships between biophysical factors and fire danger are paid more attention to. Then the parameters derived from remote sensing data are used to estimate the fire danger variables, According to the analysis, not only PVI (Perpendicular Vegetation Index) can classify different vegetation but also crown density is captured with PVI. Vegetation moisture content has high correlation with the ratio of actual evapotranspiration (LE) to potential ecapotranspiration (LEp). SI (Structural Index), which is the combination of TM band 4 and 5 data, is a good indicator of forest age. Finally, a fire danger prediction model, in which relative importance of each fire factor is taken into account, is built based on GIS.展开更多
Based on Remote Sensing （RS）, Geographic Information System （GIS）, and combining Principal Component Analysis, this paper designed a numerical integrated evaluation model for mountain eco-environment on the base ...Based on Remote Sensing （RS）, Geographic Information System （GIS）, and combining Principal Component Analysis, this paper designed a numerical integrated evaluation model for mountain eco-environment on the base of grid scale. Using this model, we evaluated the mountain eco-environmental quality in a case study area-the upper reaches of Minjiang River, and achieved a good result, which accorded well with the real condition. The study indicates that, the integrated evaluation model is suitable for multi-layer spatial factor computation, effectively lowing man＇s subjective influence in the evaluation process; treating the whole river basin as a system, the model shows full respect to the circulation of material and energy, synthetically embodies the determining impact of such natural condition as water-heat and landform, as well as human interference in natural eco-system; the evaluation result not only clearly presents mountainous vertical distribution features of input factors, but also provides a scientific and reliable thought for quantitatively evaluating mountain eco-environment.展开更多
针对江苏内河航道整治工程存在的施工周期长、影响因素多、过程管理难度大、缺乏协同配合、无法在后台实时监管的难点与痛点问题,基于建筑信息模型(building information model, BIM)和地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS...针对江苏内河航道整治工程存在的施工周期长、影响因素多、过程管理难度大、缺乏协同配合、无法在后台实时监管的难点与痛点问题,基于建筑信息模型(building information model, BIM)和地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS)技术的优势,充分借鉴BIM+GIS技术在铁路、公路行业的应用,从航道工程建设、养护、服务三个维度,探索BIM+GIS技术的应用场景,深入论证BIM+GIS在航道工程设计施工、航道养护巡检和清淤管理、船舶导助航等方面的应用模式和应用效果,以期为航道建设、养护、运行服务等全业务链提供数字支撑。展开更多
文摘The lack of water resources in many regions is the main challenge for the human being and to extended investigations. Water resources controlling and management is essential in the areas depending on the seasonal rainfall. This research aims to estimate the surface water runoff for Basin of Alrakhmah Valley located in the southwestern part of Kirkuk Province in northeastern of Iraq. Analyzing of Spatial data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data has been conducted using Geographic Information System (GIS) to estimate the hydrological properties for the watershed valley with 158.5 km<sup>2</sup> surface area. The results showed that watershed valley type is from the fifth rank with a longitudinal shape and topography percentage of 0.568. The watershed textures found to be 3.24 and the drain density 1.5 at 3.49 river branching. Finally, the annual estimated surface water retreat according to the morpho-hydro climatic elements found to be 0.01286233 milliard cubic meter.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41271436)
文摘Numerical simulation modeling is a hotspot in the geological engineering computing field. Tak- ing a fast Langrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions （FLAC3D） numerical modeling on com- puting the geo-deformation information caused by the mining subsidence in a coalmine for example, a new GIS-Excel modeling method is proposed to build geologic strata within the simulation range combined with the coal-seam dip angle of the underground mining working-planes. First of all, the coal-seam model of the numerical computing is built by using the geographic information system （GIS） according to the stripe-through principle and the calculating formula on the size of the model blocks in the paper defined, then the FLAC3D numerical computing model of all geologic strata with- in the simulation range is also built based on the calculating formula of thickness of each stratum and the Excel fast computing advantages. The GIS-Excel method is good at the higher modeling accuracy, seldom making mistakes and consuming less time. The reliability and validity of the method is veri- fied well by its practical applications in the coalmine area.
文摘文章在常规TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)模型的基础上提出空间TOPSIS模型,以安徽省休宁县为例,采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术对安徽省休宁县的滑坡易发性进行评价。研究表明:基于GIS的空间TOPSIS模型的滑坡易发性评价,能够处理和分析滑坡评价因子以及滑坡易发性的空间变化特征;评价结果与休宁县境内已经发生滑坡的空间分布较为吻合,评价结果较好。基于GIS的空间TOPSIS模型在滑坡易发性评价中具有较好的适用性。
文摘目前,煤矿使用的工程专题地图基本都是CAD制图,高效提取CAD图件中的数据并快速组织成地理信息系统(GIS)服务,进而支持矿井空间对象创建和业务属性扩展,集成安全生产实时数据,是构建煤矿GIS一张图的关键。基于ArcGIS平台将CAD图件转为GIS服务的方法实现过程较为繁琐,且ArcGIS平台成本较高,无法较好地跨平台运行。针对该问题,设计了一种煤矿GIS一张图快速构建平台。该平台包括CAD图件管理、地图服务发布、专题地图管理3大功能模块:CAD图件管理模块用于图件基础信息管理和状态跟踪,地图服务发布模块用于地图打包发布和在线预览,专题地图管理模块用于地图服务管理、矿井对象创建及属性扩展。基于开放设计联盟(ODA)的Teigha for Java SDK实现CAD图件全要素精确识别与快速准确提取;通过构建基于GIS数据特征的煤矿CAD图件数据分层描述模型,实现了CAD图件全要素数据快速存储;按照面向对象设计思路,开发了Spring Cloud框架下的Web端煤矿CAD图件数据集存储接口及专题地图服务发布平台,实现了煤矿GIS一张图快速构建。以某煤矿采掘工程平面图为例,分别采用传统方法和快速构建平台进行煤矿GIS一张图的构建,对比结果表明,快速构建平台可大幅提高煤矿GIS一张图的构建效率,为煤矿智能化建设提供时空数字底座。
基金Project supported by the National Outstanding Youth Researchers Foundation (No.49525101)the Opening Research Foundation from LIESMARS(WKL(96)0302)
文摘The key to develop 3-D GISs is the study on 3-D data model and data structure. Some of the data models and data structures have been presented by scholars. Because of the complexity of 3-D spatial phenomenon, there are no perfect data structures that can describe all spatial entities. Every data structure has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is difficult to design a single data structure to meet different needs. The important subject in the3-D data models is developing a data model that has integrated vector and raster data structures. A special 3-D spatial data model based on distributing features of spatial entities should be designed. We took the geological exploration engineering as the research background and designed an integrated data model whose data structures integrats vector and raster data byadopting object-oriented technique. Research achievements are presented in this paper.
文摘铁路工程是典型的带状结构,具有线长、点广等特点,为实现铁路工程全线全方位、多角度、多尺度的可视化展示及综合分析,融合建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)、地理信息系统(GIS,Geographic Information Systems)、数字高程、倾斜摄影及矢量地图等数据,设计并研发铁路工程电子沙盘系统。该系统通过对实体铁路工程仿真呈现,将施工过程信息动态附加,形成可交付运营维护的建设数字资产。在京张(北京—张家口)、京雄(北京—雄安)及其他重大铁路项目中的应用结果表明,电子沙盘系统具有较好的实用性、可扩展性及可视化效果,可为铁路工程各类资源高效利用、仿真分析及科学管理提供服务,也可为其他铁路项目开展电子沙盘的设计与开发提供参考。
文摘为实现BIM(Building Information Modeling)+GIS(Geographic Information System)技术在铁路四电工程建造过程中的应用,提出铁路四电工程智能建造方案。通过构建BIM族库、参数化建模、模型轻量化等技术手段,实现模型快速生成及项目各阶段数据的集成共享;设计BIM+GIS管理平台,将项目管理过程中的生产要素信息、管理要素信息与BIM模型信息、GIS技术深度融合,满足不同管理部门、不同层级用户的三维可视化、数字化、全要素信息建设管理精益化需求,实现铁路四电工程项目的数字化交付。应用表明,该方案可为推动BIM+GIS技术在铁路四电工程的应用发展提供技术支撑。
文摘Forest fire is one of the main natural hazards because of its fierce destructiveness. Various researches on fire real time monitoring, behavior simulation and loss assessment have been carried out in many countries. As fire prevention is probably the most efficient means for protecting forests, suitable methods should be developed for estimating the fire danger. Fire danger is composed of ecological, human and climatic factors. Therefore, the systematic analysis of the factors including forest characteristics, meteorological status, topographic condition causing forest fire is made in this paper at first. The relationships between biophysical factors and fire danger are paid more attention to. Then the parameters derived from remote sensing data are used to estimate the fire danger variables, According to the analysis, not only PVI (Perpendicular Vegetation Index) can classify different vegetation but also crown density is captured with PVI. Vegetation moisture content has high correlation with the ratio of actual evapotranspiration (LE) to potential ecapotranspiration (LEp). SI (Structural Index), which is the combination of TM band 4 and 5 data, is a good indicator of forest age. Finally, a fire danger prediction model, in which relative importance of each fire factor is taken into account, is built based on GIS.
文摘Based on Remote Sensing （RS）, Geographic Information System （GIS）, and combining Principal Component Analysis, this paper designed a numerical integrated evaluation model for mountain eco-environment on the base of grid scale. Using this model, we evaluated the mountain eco-environmental quality in a case study area-the upper reaches of Minjiang River, and achieved a good result, which accorded well with the real condition. The study indicates that, the integrated evaluation model is suitable for multi-layer spatial factor computation, effectively lowing man＇s subjective influence in the evaluation process; treating the whole river basin as a system, the model shows full respect to the circulation of material and energy, synthetically embodies the determining impact of such natural condition as water-heat and landform, as well as human interference in natural eco-system; the evaluation result not only clearly presents mountainous vertical distribution features of input factors, but also provides a scientific and reliable thought for quantitatively evaluating mountain eco-environment.
文摘针对江苏内河航道整治工程存在的施工周期长、影响因素多、过程管理难度大、缺乏协同配合、无法在后台实时监管的难点与痛点问题,基于建筑信息模型(building information model, BIM)和地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS)技术的优势,充分借鉴BIM+GIS技术在铁路、公路行业的应用,从航道工程建设、养护、服务三个维度,探索BIM+GIS技术的应用场景,深入论证BIM+GIS在航道工程设计施工、航道养护巡检和清淤管理、船舶导助航等方面的应用模式和应用效果,以期为航道建设、养护、运行服务等全业务链提供数字支撑。
