The consumption of maize and cowpea in Africa and developing countries is high,owing to the fact that they are readily available,coupled the with nutritional benefits they provide.Growth loss has been seen in crops cu...The consumption of maize and cowpea in Africa and developing countries is high,owing to the fact that they are readily available,coupled the with nutritional benefits they provide.Growth loss has been seen in crops cultivated on heavy metal polluted soils as a consequence of alterations in physiological and biochemical processes.This study was aimed at assessing the growth indices of seeds(maize and cowpea)grown on heavy metal contaminated soil treated with ginger extracts.The study adopted a Complete Randomized Design(CRD)in which growth indices of either maize or cowpea were examined from each crop type grown on soil without any pollutant or treatment and soils with metal pollutants;with or without treatment with ginger extracts in the individual experiments.Data were analyzed using ANOVA.The results showed that ginger extract induced oxidative stress on cowpea after 10 days of cultivation with root length significantly(P≤0.05)higher on the normal control-G-M and+L-G which recorded 7.60 and 7.3 cm respectively.Patterns of growth indices noticed after 30 and 40 days of cowpea cultivation were variable showing least growth in leaf development.Highest maize root(27.00 cm),shoot(8.85 cm)and leaf(25.25 cm)development were recorded in maize grown on soil without metal contamination but treated with ginger(+G-M-positive control)after days 10,40 and 40 after cultivation.It was observed that the soil contaminated with heavy metals affected the growth pattern of the crops thereby causing stunted growth,chlorosis,discoloration and wilting.It could be concluded that cowpea performed better in shoot of both treated and untreated soils even though the values were not significantly different from that of root and leaf while maize showed a decrease in shoot even though the values for root and leaf were not significantly different.展开更多
This experiment was to investigate ginger extract on production performance,antioxidant ability and immunity of laying hens.A total of 600 Hy-Line brown laying hens aged at 25 wk old were randomly divided into 2 treat...This experiment was to investigate ginger extract on production performance,antioxidant ability and immunity of laying hens.A total of 600 Hy-Line brown laying hens aged at 25 wk old were randomly divided into 2 treatments,4 replicates per treatment,75 layers each replicate.The control group hens were fed a basal diet;the experimental group hens were fed basal diets with 0.1%ginger extract.The results were shown as follows:1)ginger extract significantly enhanced laying rates(P<0.05)and daily egg weight(P<0.05),substantially reduced the ratio of feed to egg(P<0.05)of the hens;2)ginger extract did not change the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)and total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)but significantly improved plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity(P<0.05),reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)content(P<0.05)of the birds;3)ginger extract did not affect the contents of serum total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),but significantly increased lysozyme(LZM)activity(P<0.05);4)ginger extract also significantly reduced plasma prostaglandin E2(PGE2)content(P<0.05).This study shows that ginger extract not only can improve the birds’antioxidant capacity,enhance immune function,but also has a potential of reducing inflammatory response.展开更多
An experimental setup for separating ginger essential oil by supercritical fluid extraction is established. The effects of the extraction pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate and particle size of raw material on the e...An experimental setup for separating ginger essential oil by supercritical fluid extraction is established. The effects of the extraction pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate and particle size of raw material on the extraction rate are investigated, and the optimum process conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction are determined. A mathematical simulation model is established based on the mass conservation in differentia! units of extraction bed. The total mass transfer driving force and the equilibrium absorption constant are evaluated by the linear driving force theory. The results from numerical simulation agree well with the experimental data.展开更多
Ginger oleoresin is to present the main substance of ginger spicy flavor and aroma from the ginger extract.How to extract a high concentration of ginger oleoresin from ginger ginger is an important research direction....Ginger oleoresin is to present the main substance of ginger spicy flavor and aroma from the ginger extract.How to extract a high concentration of ginger oleoresin from ginger ginger is an important research direction.In this paper, different ginger oleoresin extraction process gives a brief introduction and comparison;Finally the application of ginger oleoresin in food and medicine are introduced in the paper.展开更多
Agricultural residues are important renewable biomass resources that have not received much research attention. Ginger stalk is a major agricultural waste in China.The extraction of cellulose from ginger stalk would c...Agricultural residues are important renewable biomass resources that have not received much research attention. Ginger stalk is a major agricultural waste in China.The extraction of cellulose from ginger stalk would convert this waste into a high value-added product and, simultaneously, contribute to environmental protection. This research studied the characteristics of cellulose extracted from ginger stalk by two different treatments:(i) potassium hydroxide(KOH) treatment and(ii) nitric acid-ethanol(NAE) treatment. The optimal condition for the KOH treatment was obtained, it was at 1∶30 solidto-liquid ratio(SLR) for 5 h extraction time with 14 wt% KOH. The optimal condition for the NAE treatment was as follows: 1∶40 SLR, 4 h extraction time, and a reaction temperature of 90℃. However, the cellulose obtained by NAE treatment was severely degraded than that by KOH treatment. The Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy analyses revealed that both treatments successfully dissolved the lignin and hemicellulose. Two treatments showed a higher cellulose yield, and the extracted cellulose had more crystal structure.展开更多
文摘The consumption of maize and cowpea in Africa and developing countries is high,owing to the fact that they are readily available,coupled the with nutritional benefits they provide.Growth loss has been seen in crops cultivated on heavy metal polluted soils as a consequence of alterations in physiological and biochemical processes.This study was aimed at assessing the growth indices of seeds(maize and cowpea)grown on heavy metal contaminated soil treated with ginger extracts.The study adopted a Complete Randomized Design(CRD)in which growth indices of either maize or cowpea were examined from each crop type grown on soil without any pollutant or treatment and soils with metal pollutants;with or without treatment with ginger extracts in the individual experiments.Data were analyzed using ANOVA.The results showed that ginger extract induced oxidative stress on cowpea after 10 days of cultivation with root length significantly(P≤0.05)higher on the normal control-G-M and+L-G which recorded 7.60 and 7.3 cm respectively.Patterns of growth indices noticed after 30 and 40 days of cowpea cultivation were variable showing least growth in leaf development.Highest maize root(27.00 cm),shoot(8.85 cm)and leaf(25.25 cm)development were recorded in maize grown on soil without metal contamination but treated with ginger(+G-M-positive control)after days 10,40 and 40 after cultivation.It was observed that the soil contaminated with heavy metals affected the growth pattern of the crops thereby causing stunted growth,chlorosis,discoloration and wilting.It could be concluded that cowpea performed better in shoot of both treated and untreated soils even though the values were not significantly different from that of root and leaf while maize showed a decrease in shoot even though the values for root and leaf were not significantly different.
基金financially supported by the Earmarked Fund for Hebei layer/broiler Innovation team of Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (HBCT2018150205).
文摘This experiment was to investigate ginger extract on production performance,antioxidant ability and immunity of laying hens.A total of 600 Hy-Line brown laying hens aged at 25 wk old were randomly divided into 2 treatments,4 replicates per treatment,75 layers each replicate.The control group hens were fed a basal diet;the experimental group hens were fed basal diets with 0.1%ginger extract.The results were shown as follows:1)ginger extract significantly enhanced laying rates(P<0.05)and daily egg weight(P<0.05),substantially reduced the ratio of feed to egg(P<0.05)of the hens;2)ginger extract did not change the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)and total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)but significantly improved plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity(P<0.05),reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)content(P<0.05)of the birds;3)ginger extract did not affect the contents of serum total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),but significantly increased lysozyme(LZM)activity(P<0.05);4)ginger extract also significantly reduced plasma prostaglandin E2(PGE2)content(P<0.05).This study shows that ginger extract not only can improve the birds’antioxidant capacity,enhance immune function,but also has a potential of reducing inflammatory response.
文摘An experimental setup for separating ginger essential oil by supercritical fluid extraction is established. The effects of the extraction pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate and particle size of raw material on the extraction rate are investigated, and the optimum process conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction are determined. A mathematical simulation model is established based on the mass conservation in differentia! units of extraction bed. The total mass transfer driving force and the equilibrium absorption constant are evaluated by the linear driving force theory. The results from numerical simulation agree well with the experimental data.
文摘Ginger oleoresin is to present the main substance of ginger spicy flavor and aroma from the ginger extract.How to extract a high concentration of ginger oleoresin from ginger ginger is an important research direction.In this paper, different ginger oleoresin extraction process gives a brief introduction and comparison;Finally the application of ginger oleoresin in food and medicine are introduced in the paper.
基金financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China ( Grant No.2014CB460610 )National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.2157061214 and 21406126)Department of Education of Shandong Province (Grant No.J14LC11)
文摘Agricultural residues are important renewable biomass resources that have not received much research attention. Ginger stalk is a major agricultural waste in China.The extraction of cellulose from ginger stalk would convert this waste into a high value-added product and, simultaneously, contribute to environmental protection. This research studied the characteristics of cellulose extracted from ginger stalk by two different treatments:(i) potassium hydroxide(KOH) treatment and(ii) nitric acid-ethanol(NAE) treatment. The optimal condition for the KOH treatment was obtained, it was at 1∶30 solidto-liquid ratio(SLR) for 5 h extraction time with 14 wt% KOH. The optimal condition for the NAE treatment was as follows: 1∶40 SLR, 4 h extraction time, and a reaction temperature of 90℃. However, the cellulose obtained by NAE treatment was severely degraded than that by KOH treatment. The Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy analyses revealed that both treatments successfully dissolved the lignin and hemicellulose. Two treatments showed a higher cellulose yield, and the extracted cellulose had more crystal structure.
