Telmisartan Attenuates the Growth of Epithelium-like Cells and Glomerular Injury in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

The abnormal growth of epithelium-like cells has been noticed in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs)with hypertensive nephropathy.However,the characteristics of abnormal epithelium-like cells and their pathogenesis in hypertensive nephropathy are not fully understood.In the present study,we investigated the correlation of epithelium-like cells with glomerular injury,and the effects of early drug intervention with telmisartan,an anti-hypertensive drug,on the growth of epithelium-like cells.The results showed that the epithelium-like cells were obviously observed lining along the luminal surface of Bowman’s capsule in glomeruli,significantly resulting in the atrophy of the glomerular tuft.Some of the epithelium-like cells strongly expressed proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and vimentin,indicating active cellular proliferation.The incidence of epithelium-like cells varied from 13.6%to 54.4%of glomeruli in 48-week-old SHRs,and from 5.1%to 18.0%of glomeruli in age-matched Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats(P<0.01).The linear regression analysis further confirmed an obvious correlation between the incidence of epithelium-like cells and the glomerular injury.Moreover,early intervention with telmisartan could dramatically attenuate the progression of epithelium-like cells growth.However,no significant effect of telmisartan on the established epithelium-like cells was observed.Taken together,we demonstrated the involvement of abnormal epithelium-like cells growth in glomerular injury during hypertensive nephropathy in SHRs,and firstly showed the positive effects of the anti-hypertensive drug on the progression of epithelium-like cells growth.

A Study on Clinical Management of Glandular Changes in Cells on Cervical Cytology

A cytological cervical smear abnormality of glandular origin raises a high suspicion of underlying invasive or pre invasive cancers. Objective: To look into the diagnosis and management of women presenting with glandular changes on cervical cytology and to further implement a good management plan for these women. Methods: This study is a retrospective review of all patients referred to North Cumbria Integrated Care (NCIC) NHS foundation trust, United Kingdom with glandular changes on their cervical smear result between January 2015 and December 2020. Data was collected from the hospital colposcopy data base. Results: This study comprised of a sample size of 65 women. 11 of these (17%) were referred with borderline changes in their endocervical cells and 54 (83%) referred with a ?glandular neoplasia of endocervical type. There were colposcopically significant lesions (high grade lesions or suspected adenocarcinoma) for 52 (80%) of the women. All but one (98%) had Large loop excition of transformation zone (LLETZ) after colposcopy. Histologically, 8 (12%) women were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, 29 (45%) were diagnosed with high grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (HGCGIN), 9 (14%) had high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3), 2 (3%) had low grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (LGCGIN), 4 (6%) had a normal histology and 10 (15%) had lesions of mixed origin. After their first LLETZ treatment, 24 (37.5%) needed repeat LLETZ, 8 (12%) had a hysterectomy and one woman had radical trachelectomy.

Implications of anti-parietal cell antibodies and anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies in histological gastritis and patient outcome

AIM： To develop a serum or histological marker for early discovery of gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. METHODS： This study enrolled 44 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, 52 patients with duodenal ulcer, 14 patients with gastric ulcer and 42 consecutive healthy adults as controls. Each patient received an endoscopy and five biopsy samples were obtained. The degrees of histological parameters of gastritis were categorized following the Updated Sydney System. Anti-parietal cell antibodies （APCA） and anti- Helicobacter pylori （ H pylori） antibodies （AHPA） were analyzed by immunoassays. Hpyloriinfection was diagnosed by rapid unease test and histological examination. RESULTS： Patients with gastric cancer and gastric ulcer are significantly older than healthy subjects, while also displaying higher frequency of APCA than healthy controls. Patients with positive APCA showed higher scores in gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia of corpus than patients with negative APCA. Patients with positive AHPA had higher scores in gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric inflammation of antrum than those patients with negative AHPA. Elderly patients had greater prevalence rates of APCA. Following multivariant logistic regression analysis, the only significant risk factor for antral atrophy is positive AHPA, while that for corpus atrophy is positive APCA. CONCLUSION： The existence of positive APCA correlates with glandular atrophy in corpus and the presence of positive AHPA correlates with glandular atrophy in antrum. The existence of serum APCA and AHPA betokens glandular atrophy and requires further examination for gastric cancer.

缺氧状态下has-miR-215-5p通过抑制BLCAP的表达调控子宫内膜腺上皮细胞增殖和迁移

目的探究缺氧状态下的子宫内膜腺上皮细胞(EEC)增殖和迁移的可能机制。方法分别提取缺氧(1%氧浓度,缺氧组)和常氧(21%氧浓度,常氧组)条件下EEC的RNA进行高通量测序(RNA-sequence),分析两组细胞中微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)的差异表达。利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)的方法对差异表达的miRNA即has-miR-215-5p进行鉴定,通过miRNA靶基因数据库网站(Target Scan)分析has-miR-215-5p的靶基因。Western Blot检测两组细胞中靶基因膀胱癌相关蛋白(BLCAP)的蛋白表达水平,细胞计数实验检测两组EEC的增殖情况,划痕实验检测两组EEC的迁移能力。结果测序结果显示,缺氧组EEC中has-miR-215-5p表达显著上升(P<0.001),RT-qPCR验证结果与测序结果一致。miRNA Target Scan数据库检索结果显示,BLCAP是has-miR-215-5p的下游靶基因,双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示has-miR-215-5p与BLCAP-3’-UTR结合,结合位点突变后结合活性消失。Western Blot结果显示,与常氧组相比,缺氧组EEC中的BLCAP蛋白表达显著下降(P<0.001)。CCK-8及划痕实验分别提示与常氧组相比,缺氧组的EEC增殖能力显著降低、迁移能力显著增强(P<0.001)。结论缺氧条件下EEC中has-miR-215-5p可能通过与BLCAP-3’-UTR结合,抑制BLCAP的表达活性,导致EEC的增殖降低与迁移增强。

气管镜下介入治疗弥漫性气管混合性鳞状细胞和腺性乳头状瘤1例并文献复习

肺混合性鳞状细胞和腺性乳头状瘤(mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma,MSCGP)是肺乳头状瘤的一种亚型,依据生长部位分为中央型和外周型,以中央型较为多见,其临床表现主要与肿瘤生长部位有关。外科手术切除是肺MSCGP的主要治疗方式。气管内MSCGP接受气管镜下介入治疗能够获得满意的效果。现报道北京中医药大学东直门医院呼吸病中心收治的气管镜下介入治疗1例弥漫性气管MSCGP病例,以期了解其临床特征,为该类疾病的诊疗提供临床参考。

Artemisinin Biosynthesis in Non-glandular Trichome Cells of Artemisia annua

Artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT)forms the first line of malaria treatment.However,the yield fluctuation of artemisinin has remained an unsolved problem in meeting the global demand for ACT.This problem is mainly caused by the glandular trichome(GT)-specific biosynthesis of artemisinin in all currently used Artemisia annua cultivars.Here,we report that non-GT cells of self-pollinated inbred A.annua plants can express the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.Gene expression analysis demonstrated the transcription of six known pathway genes in GT-free leaves and calli of inbred A.annua plants.LC-qTOF-MS/MS analysis showed that these two types of GT-free materials produce artemisinin,artemisinic acid,and arteannuin B.Detailed IR-MALDESI image profiling revealed that these three metabolites and dihydroartemisinin are localized in non-GT cells of leaves of inbred A.annua plants.Moreover,we employed all the above approaches to examine artemisinin biosynthesis in the reported XL annua glandless(gl)mutant.The resulting data demonstrated that leaves of regenerated gl plantlets biosynthesize artemisinin.Codectively,these findings not only add new knowledge leading to a revision of the current dogma of artemisinin biosynthesis inannua but also may expedite innovation of novel metabolic engineering approaches for high and stable production of artemisinin in the future.

ProExC免疫细胞化学染色与高危人乳头瘤病毒检测在宫颈液基细胞学非典型腺细胞女性中的诊断价值

目的探讨ProExC免疫细胞化学染色及高危人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测在宫颈液基细胞学非典型腺细胞(AGC)女性中的诊断价值。方法选取2019年2月至2020年12月于江西省妇幼保健院行宫颈液基细胞学诊断AGC病例168例,取剩余液基细胞学标本制成细胞蜡块,进一步行ProExC免疫细胞化学染色。所有病例均行二代杂交捕获技术(HC2)高危HPV检测,以组织病理学诊断为金标准,比较ProExC、HPV及联合检测的诊断效能。结果168例AGC患者中,严重宫颈病变79例,包括鳞状上皮病变32例及腺上皮病变47例。ProExC、HPV及联合检测严重宫颈病变阳性率分别为78.5%、74.7%、81.0%,宫颈原位腺癌(AIS)以上阳性率分别为78.7%、70.2%、78.7%。对严重宫颈病变的诊断,ProExC、HPV及联合检测与组织病理学诊断相比一致性均较好(Kappa值分别为0.699、0.569、0.583,P<0.05);ProExC诊断严重宫颈病变的诊断价值>联合检测>HPV(AUC分别为0.847、0.793、0.784,P<0.05)。对AIS以上病变的诊断,ProExC与组织病理学诊断相比一致性很好(Kappa值为0.883,P<0.05),HPV及两者联合与组织病理学相比一致性较好(Kappa值分别为0.545、0.558,P<0.05);ProExC诊断AIS以上的诊断价值>联合检测>HPV(AUC分别为0.931、0.787、0.772,P<0.05)。结论ProExC、HPV及联合检测均可应用于宫颈液基细胞学非典型腺细胞女性的诊断,其中以ProExC诊断准确性最高。

人子宫内膜异位症在位和异位内膜细胞原代培养及形态学观察

目的:探讨子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EM)异位子宫内膜细胞原代培养方法,并比较EM在位及异位子宫内膜细胞与正常对照在位子宫内膜细胞形态的差异。方法:采用改良EM细胞原代培养方法,免疫细胞化学法鉴定细胞类型,在光学显微镜及电子显微镜下观察细胞形态差异。结果:正常对照子宫内膜细胞及EM在位、异位子宫内膜细胞分离培养成功率分别为91.67%、93.75%和75.00%。EM异位、在位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞与正常在位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞大小相似,但EM异位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞染色质增多,核增大。EM异位子宫内膜间质细胞较EM在位及正常在位子宫内膜间质细胞小,且细胞膜表面有较多的微绒毛和胞浆突起。结论:注意取材方式,采用改良原代培养方法,可以提高EM异位子宫内膜细胞培养成功率。EM异位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞超微结构与正常妇女及EM在位子宫内膜细胞有显著不同。

人在位和异位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞的原代培养

目的 :探讨在位和异位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞分离培养方法 ,为研究子宫内膜异位症的发病机制提供体外细胞模型。方法 :通过消化、过滤、沉降等方法 ,分离培养正常对照子宫内膜以及子宫内膜异位症在位、异位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞 ,模拟人体内雌激素水平研究促进细胞生长的方法 ,光学显微镜观察离体细胞形态。结果 :正常对照子宫内膜细胞分离培养成功率达 91.7% (11/ 12 ) ,子宫内膜异位症在位子宫内膜细胞成功率为 93.8% (15 / 16 ) ,子宫内膜异位症异位子宫内膜细胞成功率为 75 .0 % (12 / 16 )。间质细胞传代 2次后 ,生长缓慢 ,经雌激素作用后 ,生长明显改善 ;腺上皮细胞不能传代 ,经雌激素作用后 ,生长改善不明显。结论 :体外分离培养的人子宫内膜细胞比子宫内膜异位动物模型更接近于人体的特点 ,在位和异位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞分离培养可作为研究子宫内膜异位症的体外细胞模型之一。

高纯度分离子宫内膜腺上皮及间质细胞和体外培养技术

【目的】探索一种简便、高纯度分离在位子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞的方法,建立高纯度体外子宫内膜细胞培养模型。【方法】选择正常的新鲜子宫内膜组织20例,通过酶解,过滤及贴壁纯化等技术,每例均用Ryan方法(对照组)及改良的新方法(改良组)分离、纯化及培养子宫内膜腺上皮细胞及间质细胞,并进行传代。【结果】18例标本获得成功,对照组分离的间质细胞纯度为(84.22±5.17)%,腺上皮细胞纯度为(62.11±6.23)%;改良组分离的间质细胞纯度达(97.89±0.96)%,腺上皮细胞纯度(95.12±2.11)%,与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。【结论】改良方法简便,可高纯度分离子宫内膜腺上皮细胞及间质细胞。在体外建立高纯度子宫内膜细胞培养模型,更利于在细胞和分子水平上研究子宫内膜的各种功能及干预调节。

人子宫内膜腺上皮细胞原代培养方法的改进

目的改进子宫内膜腺上皮细胞原代培养的方法,以使其可作为功能失调性子宫出血(功血,DysfunctionalUterine Bleeding,DUB)的体外实验模型之一。方法在取材、培养条件和细胞纯化等方面对子宫内膜腺上皮细胞原代培养的方法作了改进。结果34份标本,23份获得成功。培养时间为4～22d,无1例发生污染。接种后的5～6d为进行实验的最佳时间。结论改进后的子宫内膜腺上皮细胞原代培养法克服了污染问题,增加了可获得的细胞数。子宫内膜腺上皮细胞的分离、培养可作为功血的体外实验模型之一。

改良筛网法分离培养人子宫内膜细胞

目的:探索一种能获得较高纯度和较多数量子宫内膜细胞的分离培养方法。方法:取12例患者各1mg新鲜子宫内膜组织,经0.25%Ⅰ型胶原酶(含有0.005%DNA酶)消化后,将所得细胞悬液一分为二,分别采用传统筛网法和改良筛网法(二次筛网过滤和低速离心相结合)分离并记录所得细胞数;体外培养后采用光学显微镜观察,用免疫细胞化学和免疫荧光化学方法鉴定纯度,比较两种方法分离子宫内膜细胞的纯度和数量。结果:两种方法均有11例组织分离培养成功。传统筛网法分离的子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和间质细胞的纯度分别为(89.54±3.75)%和(92.82±1.60)%,细胞数分别为(0.47±0.09)×105个和(23.73±5.37)×105个。改良筛网法分离的腺上皮细胞和间质细胞纯度分别为(91.95±0.47)%和(99.28±0.21)%,细胞数分别为(8.09±1.24)×105个和(27.23±0.50)×105个。改良筛网法分离的腺上皮细胞数量和间质细胞纯度均明显高于传统筛网法,有统计学差异(P均=0.000)。结论:改良筛网法操作简单,能获得较高纯度的子宫内膜间质细胞及较多的子宫内膜腺上皮细胞。

紫茎泽兰器官表面微形态的观察

紫茎泽兰为世界性的恶性杂草,严重影响了世界30多个国家的农、林、牧、副业的发展。本文利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对紫茎泽兰的茎、叶、花、果实及种子等各种器官表皮微形态特征进行了比较观察。结果表明:气孔器分布于叶的远轴面、茎表皮和总苞片的远轴面,其中在叶的远轴面上具两型性气孔器。单列多细胞表皮毛在叶的远轴面、茎表皮、总苞片的远轴面和花瓣的远轴面均有分布。具两列柄细胞的腺毛分布于总苞片的远轴面,而具单列柄细胞的腺毛见于花瓣的远轴面和茎表面。在花瓣的近轴面和柱头表面有长乳突状细胞。通过对其不同器官表面微形态性状的进一步统计分析表明,各种器官的表皮细胞大小、气孔开口度与间距、表皮毛与乳突状细胞的长度及间距等均存在显著性差异。上述观察结果,为进一步探讨外来恶性杂草紫茎泽兰的生态分布和生活习性,以及检疫部门鉴定该种植物提供重要依据。

人子宫内膜基质细胞及腺上皮细胞的分离纯化和体外培养

目的:建立人子宫正常内膜、内膜异位症在位及异位子宫内膜的基质及腺上皮细胞分离、培养的方法,为进一步研究子宫内膜异位症发生、发展的分子生物学机制提供一个理想的实验模型。方法:15例正常子宫内膜、15例在位子宫内膜及10例异位内膜经胶原酶消化、筛网过滤、差时贴壁等技术进行分离、纯化和体外培养,光镜观察,应用鼠抗人波形蛋白抗体、鼠抗人细胞角蛋白单克隆抗体免疫组化染色对间质及上皮细胞进行鉴定。结果:正常子宫内膜和子宫内膜异位症在位子宫内膜标本分离、培养均成功;5例异位内膜标本获得成功,基质细胞和腺上皮细胞纯度均可达95%以上,并均可传代。结论:采用酶解、筛网分离及贴壁能获得纯度较高的基质与腺上皮细胞。人子宫内膜细胞分离体外培养的成功,有助于研究子宫内膜异位症的发病机制,为临床实验提供重要的理论依据。

高纯度子宫内膜腺上皮细胞的体外分离和培养

目的:在体外建立子宫内膜腺上皮细胞原代分离和培养的方法,以获得高纯度子宫内膜腺上皮细胞。方法:选择正常子宫内膜组织,通过消化、过滤、选择性贴壁和二次消化等技术进行体外培养。结果:采用胶原酶二次消化法和选择性贴壁法成功实现子宫内膜腺上皮细胞的高纯度分离和原代培养。结论:采用胶原酶二次消化法和选择性贴壁法可高纯度分离子宫内膜腺上皮细胞及间质细胞。

人子宫内膜基质细胞和腺体细胞的分离培养及鉴定

目的 人子宫内膜分离培养并得到纯度较高的内膜基质细胞和腺体细胞。 方法 采用二次滤网过滤法进行分离并通过光镜观察和免疫细胞化学染色对其进行鉴别。 结果 基质细胞在接种后 0 5h开始贴壁 ,可见梭形和多角形两种形态的细胞。免疫细胞化学染色显示这两种细胞均具有波形蛋白免疫反应性 ,反应率可达95 %以上 ,而细胞角蛋白无免疫反应性 ,提示它们为来源于内膜基质的基质细胞。大部分腺体细胞在接种 2 4h后贴壁 ,培养后 4d左右腺体细胞呈旋涡状排列 ,单个细胞为多角形 ,核大而圆。腺细胞呈细胞角蛋白免疫反应性 ,反应率在 90 %以上。

大鼠前列腺上皮细胞体外培养及其屏障功能的初步研究

目的:体外培养大鼠前列腺上皮细胞,并观察其屏障功能。方法:体外培养大鼠前列腺上皮细胞,采用免疫组化观察腺上皮细胞之间紧密连接蛋白claudin-1的表达,光镜以及电镜观察大鼠前列腺上皮细胞的结构组成。采用跨膜电阻测量仪检测前列腺上皮细胞的跨膜电阻,采用酚红渗漏实验检测前列腺上皮细胞的通透性。结果:大鼠前列腺上皮细胞在体外培养可以形成紧密的单层细胞结构,紧密连接蛋白在相邻的腺上皮细胞之间表达,透射电镜结果显示相邻的单层腺上皮细胞之间存在紧密连接。体外培养的大鼠前列腺上皮细胞跨膜电阻在培养第8天可以达到(201.3±3.5)Ω/cm2,酚红渗漏实验显示随着细胞单层跨膜电阻的增加,基底侧的酚红浓度减低。结论:大鼠前列腺上皮细胞具有与脑毛细血管内皮细胞、肠上皮细胞等具有屏障功能的细胞相似的结构和功能,体外培养的大鼠前列腺上皮细胞具有屏障特性,可以作为血前列腺屏障研究的体外模型。

烟草叶发育的组织细胞学研究

烟草茎尖的原套有2层细胞,叶原基起源于原体最外层的细胞。幼叶中层可由亚边缘细胞单独产生,也可由由它和近轴层叶肉的第一个细胞共同产生。板状分生组织的细胞分裂能力及其持续时间从远轴层到近轴层叶肉逐渐增加,上部叶的近轴中层细胞可分化成栅栏组织。幼叶边缘较早成熟的腺毛随烟叶的生长而逐渐脱落,同时原表皮又不断分化出新的腺毛。

莼菜腺细胞的观察及其泌胶机理的探讨

显微解剖学的研究表明，莼菜（ＢｒａｓｅｎｉａｓｃｈｒｅｂｅｒｉＧｍｅｌ．）植株表面分布着许多有分泌机能的腺细胞，其大小在４０μｍ－１６０μｍ之间，数量最多的有４００个／ｍｍ￣２，腺细胞的分布状况和胶质多少呈正相关。多糖定位显示腺细胞中含有大量多糖，这与莼菜胶质的主要组分为多糖相一致。因此，可认为莼菜胶质是莼菜植株自身代谢的产物。

烤烟腺毛发育的形态学研究

通过光学显微镜对烤烟叶片腺毛生长发育过程中的形态学特征进行了观察,结果表明,烤烟腺毛(长柄腺毛和短柄腺毛)起源于叶原基或幼叶上的原表皮细胞,该细胞进行垂直于叶表面方向的突出生长,径向加宽,形成原生质浓厚的腺毛原始细胞。腺毛原始细胞随之进行一系列的平周分裂和垂周分裂,形成腺毛的基部、柄和头部,最终发育为各种稳定的腺毛类型。腺毛原始细胞并没有发育成为长柄腺毛和短柄腺毛的分别,两类腺毛的分化是在形成腺毛头部的最初阶段,不均等的平周分裂使短柄腺毛向叶表面弯曲。长柄腺毛发育较早,在烤烟叶片的各个时期均普遍存在,在采收期可观察到其分泌活动也处于高峰期,是对烤烟品质影响较大的优势腺毛。在两种腺毛中都观察到细胞间隙的存在,可能是分泌产物的临时储存场所。