Novel sandwich structured glass fiber Cloth/Poly(ethylene oxide)-MXene composite electrolyte

Recently,poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes have been attracting great attention,and efforts are currently underway to develop PEO-based composite electrolytes for next generation high performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.In this article,a novel sandwich structured solid-state PEO composite electrolyte is developed for high performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.The PEO-based composite electrolyte is fabricated by hot-pressing PEO,LiTFSI and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene nanosheets into glass fiber cloth(GFC).The as-prepared GFC@PEO-MXene electrolyte shows high mechanical properties,good electrochemical stability,and high lithium-ion migration number,which indicates an obvious synergistic effect from the microscale GFC and the nanoscale MXene.Such as,the GFC@PEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte shows a high tensile strength of 43.43 MPa and an impressive Young's modulus of 496 MPa,which are increased by 1205%and 6048%over those of PEO.Meanwhile,the ionic conductivity of GFC@PEO-1 wt%MXene at 60℃ reaches 5.01×10^(-2) S m^(-1),which is increased by around 200%compared with that of GFC@PEO electrolyte.In addition,the Li/Li symmetric battery based on GFC@PEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte shows an excellent cycling stability over 800 h(0.3 mA cm^(-2),0.3 mAh cm^(-2)),which is obviously longer than that based on PEO and GFC@PEO electrolytes due to the better compatibility of GFC@PEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte with Li anode.Furthermore,the solid-state Li/LiFePO_(4) battery with GFC@PEO-1 wt%MXene as electrolyte demonstrates a high capacity of 110.2–166.1 mAh g^(-1) in a wide temperature range of 25–60C,and an excellent capacity retention rate.The developed sandwich structured GFC@PEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte with the excellent overall performance is promising for next generation high performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Development of Kaolin and Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites for Thermal Insulating Panels

In our modern world, where conserving energy is highly valued, thermal insulation panels play a crucial role in reducing heat transfer between two spaces, surfaces, or materials. They are used to enhance the energy efficiency of various industrial applications by minimizing heat loss and temperature control. These panels function as silent protectors, aiding in reducing energy consumption and making things more sustainable and better for the environment. This is where composite materials come in;they are known for their lightweight nature, high strength-to-weight ratio, and excellent thermal insulation properties and have gained significant attention. Researchers are actively engaged in various studies aimed at enhancing these materials further. This research project focuses on the development of kaolin and glass fiber-reinforced composites for thermally insulating panels, to which natural strengthening materials like corn husk and bamboo fibers are added. The aim is to create cost-effective and efficient composite materials for thermal insulation applications by incorporating these components with a binder consisting of potassium silicate, hydroxide, and distilled water. This project involves conducting compression tests, bending tests, impact tests, thermal conductivity measurements, and microscopic analysis to evaluate the mechanical and thermal properties of the developed composites. The profound impact of these engineered composites on thermal insulation panels stands to revolutionize energy conservation efforts, offering a potent avenue to minimize heat loss and enhance overall energy efficiency across an array of industrial sectors.

Efficient utilization of glass fiber separator for low-cost sodium-ion batteries

The separator is a key component of sodium-ion battery,which greatly affects the electrochemical performances and safety characteristics of the battery.Conventional glass fiber separator cannot meet the requirements of large-scale application because of high cost and poor mechanical properties.Herein,the novel composite separators are prepared by a simple slurry sieving process using glass fiber separator scraps and ordinary qualitative filter paper as raw materials.As the composite mass ratio is 1:1,the composite separator has excellent comprehensive properties,including tensile strength of 15.8 MPa,porosity of 74.3%,ionic conductivity of 1.57×10^(-3)S·cm^(-1)and thermal stability at 210℃.The assembled sodium-ion battery shows superior cycling performance(capacity retention of 94.1%after 500 cycles at 1C)and rate capacity(retention rate of 87.3%at 10C),and it maintains fine interface stability.The above results provide some new ideas for the separator design of high-performance and low-cost sodium-ion batteries.

Static Bending Creep Properties of Glass Fiber Surface Composite Wood

To study the static bending creep properties of glass fiber reinforced wood,glass fiber reinforced poplar(GFRP)specimens were obtained by pasting glass fiber on the upper and lower surfaces of Poplar(Populus euramevicana,P),the performance of Normal Creep(NC)and Mechanical Sorptive Creep(MSC)of GFRP and their influencing factors were tested and analyzed.The test results and analysis show that:(1)The MOE and MOR of Poplar were increased by 17.06%and 10.00%respectively by the glass fiber surface reinforced composite.(2)The surface reinforced P with glass fiber cloth only exhibits the NC pattern of wood and loses the MSC characteristics of wood,regardless of the constant or alternating changes in relative humidity.(3)The instantaneous elastic deformation,viscoelastic deformation,viscous deformation and total creep deflection of GFRP are positively correlated with the stress level of the external load applied to the specimen.Still,the specimen’s creep recovery rate is negatively correlated with the stress level of the external load applied to the specimen.The static creep deflection and viscous deformation of GFRP increase with the increase of the relative humidity of the environment.(4)The MSC maximum creep deflection of GFRP increased by only 7.41%over the NC maximum creep deflection,but the MSC maximum creep deflection of P increased by 199.25%over the NC maximum creep deflection.(5)The Burgers 4-factor model and the Weibull distribution equation can fit the NC and NC recovery processes of GFRP well.

A Study on the Estimation of Prefabricated Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Panel Strength Values with an Artificial Neural Network Model

In this study,artificial neural networks trained with swarm based artificial bee colony optimization algorithm was implemented for prediction of the modulus of rapture values of the fabricated glass fiber reinforced concrete panels.For the application of the ANN models,143 different four-point bending test results of glass fiber reinforced concrete mixes with the varied parameters of temperature,fiber content and slump values were introduced the artificial bee colony optimization and conventional back propagation algorithms.Training and the testing results of the corresponding models showed that artificial neural networks trained with the artificial bee colony optimization algorithm have remarkable potential for the prediction of modulus of rupture values and this method can be used as a preliminary decision criterion for quality check of the fabricated products.

The study of electroless Ni-W-P alloy plating on glass fibers

Ni-W-P coatings were deposited on the surface of glass fibers by the electroless plating process. The bath was very stable through the palladium salt test. There was no phenomenon of peeling and blistering on the surface of the Ni-W-P alloy glass fibers in the thermal shock test. It showed that the deposit had high impact strength and good adhesion. The morphology of the coatings was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The elements and their contents were tested and analyzed by energy dispersion spectrometer （EDS）. The tungsten content reached up to 12.1 wt.%. The effects of the concentrations of NiSO4, Na2WO4, and NaH2PO2.H20 on the conductivity of the coatings were studied. The resistivity of the Ni-W-P alloy glass fibers reached 7.39 × 10^-3 Ωcm. The alloy coatings on glass fibers were analyzed by XRD. The results indicated that the deposit had an amorphous structure and good heat stability. The suitable work temperature range was lower than 190℃. Finally, the electromagnetic parameters of the Ni-W-P alloy glass fibers were tested and analyzed primarily. The magnetic loss reached 0.04023 and the dielectric loss reached -5.80239. The plated alloy is a kind of soft magnetic material.

A Single-Frequency Linearly Polarized Fiber Laser Using a Newly Developed Heavily Tm3+-Doped Germanate Glass Fiber at 1.95 μm

A compact linearly polarized, low-noise, narrow-linewidth, single-frequency fiber laser at 1950nm is demonstrated. This compact fiber laser is based on a 21-mm-long homemade Tm3＋-doped germanate glass fiber. Over 100-mW stable continuous-wave single transverse and longitudinal mode lasing at 195Ohm are achieved. The measured relative intensity noise is less than -135dB/Hz at frequencies over 5 MHz. The signal-to-noise ratio of the laser is larger than 72dB, and the laser linewidth is less than 6kHz, while the obtained linear polarization extinction ratio is higher than 22 dB.

Development and Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Geogrid

Glass fiber reinforced plastics geogrid has a wide application in the field of soil reinforcement because of its high strength, good toughness, and resistance to environmental stress, creep resistance and strong stability. In order to get high-powered glass fiber reinforced plastics geogrid and its mechanical characteristics, the properties and physical mechanical index of geogrid have been got through the study of its raw material, production process and important quality index. The analysis and study have been made to the geogrid＇s mechanical properties with loading speed, three-axial compression, temperature tensile test and FLAC3D numerical simulation, thus obtain the mechanical parameters of its displacement time curve, breaking strength and elongation at break. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows： （a） Using glass fiber materials, knurling and coated projection process, the f^acture strength and corrosion resistance of geogrid are greatly improved and the interlocking bite capability of soil is enhanced. （b） The fracture strength of geogrid is related to temperature and loading rate. When the surrounding rock pressure is fixed, the strength and anti-deformation ability of reinforced soil are significantly enhanced with increasing reinforced layers. （c） The pullout test shows the positive correlation between geogrid displacement and action time. （d） As a new reinforced material, the glass fiber reinforced plastics geogrid is not mature enough in theoretical research and practical experience, so it has become an urgent problem both in theoretical study and practical innovation.

Flame retardant synergy between interfacial and bulk carbonation in glass fiber reinforced polypropylene

Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene(GF-PP)composites have high flammability on account of wick effect which leads to accelerated flow of the polymer melt along the glass fibers(GF)surface to the flame zone.In this study,dipentaerythritol(DPER),a charring agent,was adsorbed on the GF surface through the hydrogen bond between silane coupling agent and DPER.DPER has a synergistic effect with the intumescent flame retardants(IFR)added in the composites,which can induce interfacial carbonization on the surface of GF,thus transforming the intrinsic smooth GF surface into roughness one.In this way,the negative effect of the wick effect in flame retardancy is weakened.Moreover,the char residues remained on the surface of GF can bring an improved adhesion between GF and char residues formed in the resin so that a more stable barrier char layer is formed.The PP composites with 20 wt%modified glass fiber(M-GF)and 30 wt%IFR can achieve the UL-94 V-0,and its limiting oxygen index(LOI)value increased from 16.5%to 29.5%.Simultaneously,the heat release rate(HRR),total heat release(THR)and total smoke release(TSR)decreased significantly,and the peak of heat release rate(PHRR)reduced60.6%compared with GF-PP.

Experimental Study on Influence of Dimples on Lubrication Performance of Glass Fiber-epoxy Resin Composite under Natural Seawater Lubrication

Bionic non-smooth surface is widely applied in metal and ceramics materials. In order to introduce this technology to high pressure seawater pump, the influence of bionic non-smooth surface on the engineering plastics used in pump should be investigated. The comparative tests are carried out with a ring-on-disc configuration under 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 r/min in order to research the influence of the bionic non-smooth surface on glass fiber-epoxy resin composite（GF/EPR） under natural seawater lubrication. The disc surfaces are textured with five kinds of pits, which are semi-spherical, conical, cone-cylinder combined, cylindrical pits and through holes, respectively. A smooth surface is tested as reference. The results show that the lubrication performance of dimpled GF/EPR sample is much better than that of the smooth sample under all rotational speeds. The semi-spherical pits surface has more obvious friction reduction than the others, which shows that the least reduction is approximately 43.29% of smooth surface under 1200 r/rain. However, the wear level is only marginally influenced by dimples. The surface morphology investigations disclose severe modifications caused by abrasive wear primarily. The results are helpful to vary friction properties of GF/EPR by non-smooth surface, or provide references to the design of non-smooth surfaces under certain condition.

Structure and Properties of CaO-MgO-SiO_2 Inorganic Glass Fiber with Additives (Al_2O_3,Y_2O_3)

Abstract： Structure, crystallization and dissolution properties of CaO-MgO-SiO2 inorganic glass fiber in the presence of additives （A12O3, Y2O3） were investigated by DTA, XRD, FTIR and ICP-AES techniques. The results show that with the addition ofAl2O3 and Y2O3, the glass network structure is strengthened and the precipitation of crystals is inhibited for heat-treated fibers. Compared with Y2O3 doped fibers, AI2O3 presents more significant effects on the enhancement of silica network and the inhibition of crystallization in fibers. As for dissolution properties in physiological fluids, though the weight losses, changes of pH values and leached ions concentration lower slightly with the addition ofA1203 and Y203 for the intensified network structure, and fibers still present high dissolution rates.

THE PHYSICAL SIMULATION ON EXTRUSION PROCESS OF GLASS FIBER COMPOSITE WIRE COATED BY LEAD

The method of manufacturing the composite wire by extruding lead to coated glass fiber is described. The different composite wire that diameter is from 0.5 to 1.0mm has been produced by two kinds of different extruding technology (getting wire along horizontal direction and getting wire along perpendicular direction). The optimal extruding techno- logical parameter has been given in different extruding technology by the physical simulation (H: 300℃, 550kN, 0.16mm. P: 300℃, 215kN, 0.16mm). The effect on the coating speed by other extruding technological parameters in the different extruding technology has been discussed. The extruding temperature and extruding force is higher, the coating speed is faster. It has been pointed, that the affection on the extruding technology by the extruding temperature has also behaved as the extruding temperature rising up spontaneously. The reason for exiting the minimum extruding force and maximum extruding force also has been discussion in this paper. It is also important to the extruding process and coating speed that is the coating clearance.

Application of the Finite Element Method in the Glass Fiber Bushing Research

Design and optimization of bushing at present mainly use the traditional experience method.The relevant research that adopts computer simulation to carry on the operation behavior of the bushing has appeared in recent years.How to use the finite element method to research bushing was introduced in the article.Physics fields and many relevant parameters of one real bushing were calculated.Through the results of calculation,it indicate that the finite element method is very useful in bushing research of designing and optimizing.

High-cycle Fatigue Life Extension of Glass Fiber/Polymer Composites with Carbon Nanotubes

The present work shows that the addition of small volume fractions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （CNTs） to the matrix results in a significant increase in the high-cycle fatigue life. It is proposed that carbon nanotubes tend to inhibit the formation of large cracks by nucleating nano-scale damage zones. In addition, the contribution to energy absorption from the fracture of nanotubes bridging across nano-scale cracks and from nanotube pull-out from the matrix are mechanisms that can improve the fatigue life. An energy-based model was proposed to estimate the additional strain energy absorbed in fatigue. The distributed nanotubes in the matrix appear to both distribute damage as well as inhibit damage propagation resulting in an overall improvement in the fatigue strength of glass fiber composites.

Preparation and ASE Spectrum of a Single-Mode Erbium Doped Tellurite Glass Fiber with D-type Cladding Geometry

Based on the host of tellurite glasses, the glass formation, preform manufacture, and fiber fabrication are described. The characterization of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from this newly fabricated single-mode Er3+-doped tellurite fibers is also presented. When pumped at 980 nm, a very broad erbium ASE around 1.53 μm was observed. The variations of ASE with fiber length and pumping power are measured and discussed. The output of 2 mW from Er3+-doped tellurite fiber ASE source was obtained under the pump power of 660 mW.

1.3 μm Emission from Nd^(3+)-doped Tellurite Glass Fiber

1 wt pct Nd2O3-doped tellurite bulk glass and fiber with the same composition of 75TeO2-15ZnO-5Na2O-5Li2O4(mol fraction, %) were fabricated. Judd-Ofelt analysis was carried out for the bulk. The emission from the 4F3/2→4I13/2 transition in fiber is at 1.33 μm wavelength with a spectral bandwidth of 55 nm, which is similar to that in bulk. In the case of the fiber, the lifetime of 4F3/2 Ievel is 164 μs, and the quantum efficiency is -100%. The figure-of-merit for gain (<δpTo) for Nd3+-doped tellurite glass is about 2.8×10-24 cm2·S, which is quite comparable vvith that in Nd3+-doped fluoroaluminate glasses, and is an order of magnitude larger than Pr3+-doped fluoride glasses.

Low Temperature Coating of Anatase Thin Films on Silica Glass Fibers by Liquid Phase Deposition

Uniform crystalline TiO2 thin films were coated on silica glass fibers by liquid phase deposition from aqueous solution of ammonium hexafluorotitanate at low temperature. TiO2 thin films and nanopowders were prepared by adding H3BO3 into （NH4）2TiF6 solution supersaturated with anatase nano-crystalline TiO2 at 40 ℃. The effects of the deposition conditions on the surface morphology, section morphology, thickness of the deposited TiO2 thin films were investigated. The results indicate that the growth rate and particle size of the thin films were controlled by both the deposition conditions and the amount of anatase nano-crystalline TiO2.

Fusion Splicing Experiments of 1060-XP Silica Fiber with Phosphate Glass Fiber

An asymmetric heating method for fusion splicing of 1 060-XP silica fiber （1 060F） and phosphate glass fiber （PGF） using an electric arc splicer has been proposed. Double joints with the lowest splice loss of 0.6 dB and good bending-resist strength between 1 060 F and PGF has been obtained. The main reasons affecting fiber splice loss and strength have been analyzed.

Influence of Non-smooth Surface on Tribological Properties of Glass Fiber-epoxy Resin Composite Sliding against Stainless Steel under Natural Seawater Lubrication

With the development of bionics, the bionic non-smooth surfaces are introduced to the field of tribology. Although non-smooth surface has been studied widely, the studies of non-smooth surface under the natural seawater lubrication are still very fewer, especially experimental research. The influences of smooth and non-smooth surface on the frictional properties of the glass fiber-epoxy resin composite（GF/EPR） coupled with stainless steel 316 L are investigated under natural seawater lubrication in this paper. The tested non-smooth surfaces include the surfaces with semi-spherical pits, the conical pits, the cone-cylinder combined pits, the cylindrical pits and through holes. The friction and wear tests are performed using a ring-on-disc test rig under 60 N load and 1000 r/min rotational speed. The tests results show that GF/EPR with bionic non-smooth surface has quite lower friction coefficient and better wear resistance than GF/EPR with smooth surface without pits. The average friction coefficient of GF/EPR with semi-spherical pits is 0.088, which shows the largest reduction is approximately 63.18% of GF/EPR with smooth surface. In addition, the wear debris on the worn surfaces of GF/EPR are observed by a confocal scanning laser microscope. It is shown that the primary wear mechanism is the abrasive wear. The research results provide some design parameters for non-smooth surface, and the experiment results can serve as a beneficial supplement to non-smooth surface study.

Fabrication and gain performance of Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)-codoped tellurite glass fiber

Er^3＋/Yb^3＋-codoped TeO2-ZnO-BaO-La2O3 tellurite glass fiber was fabricated by rotation and rod-in-tube technologies. The thermal stability and optical refractive index of the core and cladding glasses were determined by DTA and optical coupler, respectively. The average background loss of tellurite glass fiber was 1.8 dB/m at 1310 nm. Optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope （FESEM） were used to study structural characteristics of preforms and optical fibers. The main loss of tellurite glass fiber could be attributed to scatter centre due to core-cladding interface defects. The amplifier performance of tellurite glass fiber was investigated by pumping with 980 nm laser diode （LD）. The gain coefficient and maximum signal gain were 0.21 dB/mW and 10 dB, respectively, for a pumping power of 120 mW. Gains exceeding 5 dB were obtained over 30 nm bandwidth from 1535 to 1565 nm. The minimum noise figure was 4.8 dB at 1557 nm.