Students' sustainability consciousness with the three dimensions of sustainability:Does the locus of control play a role?

The persistent environmental problems and the growing difficulty to achieve sustainable development require a re-evaluation of person’ sustainable knowledge, attitude, and behaviour. To go to where we want to go, we must first assess where we are now. The study investigated the level of sustainability consciousness of students in India, and sustainability consciousness was expressed in sustainability knowledge, attitude, and behaviour. Sustainability consciousness was further examined using the three dimensions, such as environment, society, and economy. By drawing the perception map of students and studying the role of the locus of control, the reasons why sustainability knowledge does not appear in sustainability behaviour were analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted for a sample of 205 students from higher educational institutions across central India(Madhya Pradesh) from January to March in 2022. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 26 and Smart Partial Least Square(PLS) 3.0. The research revealed that sustainability attitude impacts sustainability behaviour more than sustainability knowledge. The results showed that respondents’ sustainability knowledge is higher than their sustainability attitude and behaviour. Moreover, it was discovered that economic concerns can lead to sustainability behaviour. In order to study respondents’ behaviour regarding sustainability consciousness, the study divided respondents into two groups according to the locus of control: the internal and external locus of control. It was found that most respondents thought whatever happened around them was beyond their control. Further, the locus of control influenced sustainability behaviour in groups with the internal locus of control. The study helps to explain why sustainability knowledge and attitude cannot translate into sustainability behaviour and provides a basis for achieving sustainable development. The conclusions of this study are crucial for governments, educational institutions, and organizations that empower youth to change their behaviour.

山核桃FLOWERING LOCUS T同源基因的克隆与序列分析

根据不同植物FLOWERING LOCUST（FT）同源基因序列的保守区，设计合成1对长度为18bp的PCR简并引物，以山核桃基因组DNA为模板，采用PCR方法扩增出长度为152bp的DNA片段，克隆到pMD19-T载体上。测序及序列分析结果表明，扩增所获得的片段序列为FT基因第四外显子部分序列，不含内含子，推测共编码50个氨基酸；其序列在GenBank中注册号为FJ858260．1，同源性比对结果表明，其氨基酸序列与其他植物FT基因的同源性高达88％～96％。

荔枝FLOWERING LOCUST(FT)同源基因cDNA全长克隆及其表达

应用RT-PCR方法在首次克隆获得荔枝AP1同源基因cDNA全长基础上,又得到2个荔枝FT同源基因cDNA全长,分别命名为LcFT1和LcFT2(基因登录号分别为:JN214350、JN214351)。LcFT1基因开放阅读框522 bp,编码174个氨基酸,推测蛋白质分子质量为19.65 ku,等电点为8.68。LcFT2基因开放阅读框522 bp,编码174个氨基酸,推测蛋白质分子质量为19.56 ku,等电点为7.34。蛋白质二级结构预测表明,LcFT1和LcFT2蛋白都具有4个α螺旋,10个β折叠区。同源分析表明,LcFT1和LcFT2基因在不同植物中的一致性为72%～82%。半定量RT-PCR分析表明,三月红荔枝花芽分化期LcFT1和LcFT2基因只在叶中表达,并且在成熟叶中表达量最多。研究将有助于进一步了解荔枝开花的分子机理及其成花的生物学发育过程。

PVX介导拟南芥Flowering locusT诱导烟草开花研究

为研究拟南芥Flowering locus T(FT)基因在开花诱导过程中的重要生物功能,本研究用RT-PCR方法,从拟南芥野生型(WS)中得到全长FT序列,采用Potato Virus X(PVX)野生型病毒构建载体,将全长FT基因连接到PVX第5个阅读框架即Coat Protein(CP)编码序列之前,经体外转录成PVX-FT病毒RNA,人工感染短日照烟草Maryland mommath,成功诱导短日照烟草在长日照条件下开花。

黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病菌的交配型和multi-locus基因型分析

2015~2017年在黑龙江省哈尔滨市、绥化市和齐齐哈尔市各马铃薯主产区共采集分离了126株马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株,测定交配型、mtDNA单倍型、SSR基因型并进行multi-locus基因型分析。结果显示,126株菌株中发现了A1、A2、自育型3种交配型,分别占分离菌株总数的88.1%、6.3%和5.6%。126株菌株中共鉴定出Ⅰa和Ⅱa两种mt DNA单倍型,分别占分离菌株总数的17.5%和82.5%。126株菌株中共鉴定出7种SSR基因型,分别为F-01、F-02、F-03、F-05、F-06、D-03和G-02,其中F-01基因型(77.8%)为优势基因型。根据马铃薯晚疫病菌的mt DNA单倍型和SSR基因型,共划分了9种multi-locus基因型,其中multi-locus基因型A(65.1%)是黑龙江省发现的优势基因型。2015~2017年黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病菌群体结构逐年复杂,绥化市马铃薯晚疫病菌群体结构最为复杂。

拟南芥Flowering Locus T基因生物功能及其mRNA移动能力研究

【目的】研究拟南芥FT(Flowering Locus T)基因在拟南芥植物开花过程中的重要作用及其mRNA的长距离运移能力。【方法】将FT基因功能序列及其突变序列mFT(起始密码子突变为终止密码子)连接入马铃薯X病毒(Potato Virus X,PVX)载体和去除外壳蛋白(Coat Protein,CP)序列的芜菁缩叶病毒(Turnip crinkle virustruncated coat protein,TCV△CP)载体中,经体外反转录得到病毒目的片段RNA,然后分别用PVX-FT侵染烟草,TCV△CP-FT侵染拟南芥。【结果】人工接种PVX-FT可以诱导烟草开花;TCV△CP-FT和TCV△CP-mFT人工侵染拟南芥叶片后,经RT-PCR检测发现,在侵染的叶片中与其上部新生叶片中有TCV△CP-FT和TCV△CP-mFT序列,表明FTmRNA序列可以帮助失去细胞间移动能力的TCV△CP恢复移动能力,并且在顶芽中检测出明显条带,经测序证实为FT基因序列。【结论】FT可以诱导短日照品种烟草在长日照条件下开花,而且FTmRNA功能序列可以协助因失去CP序列而没有细胞间移动能力的TCV△CP恢复移动能力。

LOCUS分布式文件系统

分布式计算机系统在多个小型、微型计算机和大型计算机之间进行耦合而显示出的优越性已经引起计算机界的广泛重视。美国加州大学在七十年代末期开始进行这方面的研究,相隔数年后,LOCUS计算有限公司开始了所谓LOCUS分布式系统结构的研究。

Locus在电力工程地质调查中的应用

智能手机除满足人们日常的通信需求之外,由于其强大的可扩展性,已成为日常生活必备的工具,基于安卓操作系统开发的地图软件locus提供了强大的野外导航功能,成为目前国际上最为主流的户外导航软件,论文选择安卓智能手机中的地图软件应用为主题,结合电力工程地质调查中的具体应用进行了较全面的总结,包括软件的获取安装、主流地图的对比分析、数据服务及准备等,并通过特高压线路投标和国外项目的应用实例,阐述了互联网地图软件的专业应用价值。

Experimentation of Fish Swimming Based on Tracking Locomotion Locus

There are many kinds of swimming mode in the fish world, and we investigated two of them, used by cyprinids and bulltrout. In this paper we track the locomotion locus by marks in different flow velocity from 0.2 m·s^-1 to 0.8 m·s^-1. By fit the data above we could find out the locomotion mechanism of the two kinds of fish and generate a mathematical model of fish kine- matics. The cyprinid fish has a greater oscillation period and amplitude compared with the bulltrout, and the bulltrout changes velocity mainly by controlling frequency of oscillation.

Analysis and Application of the Singularity Locus of the Stewart Platform

The direct use of the determinant of Jacobian matrix being equal to zero for the singularity analysis is generally difficult which is due to complexity of the Jacobian matrix of 6-DOF parallel manipulators,especially for Stewart platform.Recently,several scholars make their great contribution to the effective solution of this problem,but neither of them find the right answer.This paper gives a brief analysis of the kinematics of the Stewart platform and derives the Jacobian matrices of the system through the velocity equation.On the basis of the traditional classification of singularities,the second type of singularity is investigated.An assumption of any three of the six variables of the Stewart platform as constant is made,then the analytical expression of singularity locus equation of the second type singularity which contains another three pose variables is obtained.The singularity locus is represented in the three-dimensional space through the derived equation.The correctness and validity of the proposed method are verified through examples.Finally,the singularity analysis of an electric Stewart platform in its desired workspace and reachable workspace is implemented.Thus,one can easily identify whether singularity exists in a given workspace of a Stewart platform and determine whether the existed singularity can be avoided through the proposed method.The proposed method also provides theoretical principle for the design and application of the Stewart platform and has great significance for the trajectory planning and control.

waxy Locus and Its Mutant Types in Maize Zea mays L.

The waxy （wx） locus of Zea mays L. encodes a granule-bound starch synthase （GBSS I = waxy protein） required for the synthesis of amylose in endosperm and pollen grain. This review covers recent advances in understanding the waxy locus in maize, focusing particularly on the new information on mutant type and mutation mechanisms. The results showed that the insertion and deletion played an important role in the generation of spontaneous wx-mutations. The current status of utilizing waxy locus has been summarized and the perspectives of the further studies on this locus have also been proposed.

Validation of qGSIO, a quantitative trait locus for grain size on the long arm of chromosome 10 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Grain size is a major determinant of grain weight and a trait having important impact on grain quality in rice. The objective of this study is to detect QTLs for grain size in rice and identify important QTLs that have not been well characterized before. The QTL mapping was first performed using three recombinant inbred line populations derived from indica rice crosses Teqing/IRBB lines, Zhenshan 97/Milyang 46, Xieqingzao/Milyang 46. Fourteen QTLs for grain length and 10 QTLs for grain width were detected, including seven shared by two populations and 17 found in one population. Three of the seven com- mon QTLs were found to coincide in position with those that have been cloned and the four others remained to be clarified. One of them, qGSIO located in the interval RM6100-RM228 on the long arm of chromosome 10, was validated using F2：3 populations and near isogenic lines derived from residual heterozygotes for the interval RM6100-RM228. The QTL was found to have a considerable effect on grain size and grain weight, and a small effect on grain number. This region was also previously detected for quality traits in rice in a number of studies, providing a good candidate for functional analysis and breeding utilization.

核桃FLOWERING LOCUS T(JrFT)基因的克隆及表达分析

为了了解核桃FLOWERING LOCUS T(JrFT)基因在核桃雌雄异熟开花机制中的作用,以核桃雌先型品种‘极早丰’与雄先型品种‘新早丰’在3个时期(2月6日、3月21日及4月7日)的雌、雄花芽为试验材料,结合荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)、RT-PCR扩增、生物信息技术,分析了核桃JrFT基因的结构与表达,预测了JrFT基因的功能。结果表明:核桃JrFT基因在‘极早丰’与‘新早丰’3个时期的雌、雄花芽中均有表达;在不同时期同一花芽JrFT基因的表达量有所差异;在同一时期,JrFT基因在雌花中的表达量明显高于雄花,在‘新早丰’雄花中的表达量高于在‘极早丰’雄花中的表达量。克隆获得了JrFT基因的CDS序列,其长度为525 bp,编码174个氨基酸,含有高度保守的PEBP蛋白结构域。在NCBI数据库进行Blast比对显示:核桃JrFT基因与其他木本植物FT同源基因的相似性较高,可达到80%以上;JrFT蛋白与其他植物FT蛋白的相似性也很高。系统进化分析也同样说明JrFT基因属于PEBP家族基因。因此推测JrFT基因可能在核桃开花进程中具有一定的促进作用。

Fine-Mapping of qTGW1.2a, a Quantitative Trait Locus for 1000-Grain Weight in Rice

Thousand-grain weight (TGW) is a key component of grain yield in rice. This study was conducted to validate and fine-map qTGW1.2a, a quantitative trait locus for grain weight and grain size previously located in a 933.6-kb region on the long arm of rice chromosome 1. Firstly, three residual heterozygotes (RHs) were selected from a BC2F11 population of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97 (ZS97)///ZS97//ZS97/Milyang 46. The heterozygous segments in these RHs were arranged successively in physical positions, forming one set of sequential residual heterozygotes (SeqRHs). In each of the populations derived, non-recombinant homozygotes were identified to produce near isogenic lines (NILs) comprising the two homozygous genotypes. The NILs were tested for grain weight, grain length and grain width. QTL analyses for the three traits were performed. Then, the updated QTL location was followed for a new run of SeqRHs identification-NIL development-QTL mapping. Altogether, 11 NIL populations derived from four sets of SeqRHs were developed and used. qTGW1.2a was finally delimitated into a 77.5-kb region containing 13 annotated genes. In the six populations segregating this QTL, which were in four generations and were tested across four years, the allelic direction of qTGW1.2a remained consistent and the genetic effects were stable. For TGW, the additive effects ranged from 0.23 to 0.38 g and the proportions of phenotypic variance explained ranged from 26.15% to 41.65%. These results provide a good foundation for the cloning and functional analysis of qTGW1.2a.

Functional analysis of alternative splicing of the FLOWERING LOCUS T orthologous gene in Chrysanthemum morifolium

As the junction of floral development pathways,the FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)protein called‘florigen’plays an important role in the process of plant flowering through signal integration.We isolated four transcripts encoding different isoforms of a FT orthologous gene CmFTL1,from Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivar‘Jimba’.Sequence alignments suggested that the four transcripts are related to the intron 1.Expression analysis showed that four alternative splicing(AS)forms of CmFTL1 varied depending on the developmental stage of the flower.The functional complement experiment using an Arabidopsis mutant ft-10 revealed that the archetypal and AS forms of CmFTL1 had the function of complementing late flower phenotype in different levels.In addition,transgenic confirmation at transcript level showed CmFTL1 and CmFTL1ast coexist in the same tissue type at the same developmental stage,indicating a post-transcriptional modification of CmFTL1 in Arabidopsis.Moreover,ectopic expression of different AS forms in chrysanthemum resulted in the development of multiple altered phenotypes,varying degrees of early flowering.We found that an alternative splicing form(CmFTL1-astE134)without the exon 2 lacked the ability causing the earlier flower phenotype.The evidence in this study indicates that complex alternative processing of CmFTL1 transcripts in C.morifolium may be associated with flowering regulation and hold some potential for biotechnical engineering to create early-flowering phenotypes in ornamental cultivars.

The Effects of Mx1 Locus on Immunity Tracts Components in Large White×Meishan F_2 Offspring

The mouse Myxovirus resistance protein 1 （Mx 1） is known to be sufficient to confer resistance to influenza viruses, and genes encoding Myxovirus resistance protein 1 （Mx 1） is, therefore, an interesting candidate gene for disease resistance in farm animals. The porcine Mxl gene has already been identified and characterized based on its homology with mouse Mxl; the full-length coding region of the pig Mxl gene spans 2 545 bp （M65087） and is organized into 17 exons compared with the human ortholog mRNA. In this study, the exons 9, 10, 11 and introns 6, 9 of the porcine Mxl gene were cloned and sequenced; two SNPs were identified in exons 9, 10, 11 but none of the SNPs led to an amino acid exchange, and the other eleven variants were detected in introns 6 and 9, respectively. Differences in allele frequency among Meishan, Large White, Tibetan, Tongcheng, Huainan, and Duroc pigs were observed within intron 9, of which an A ~ G substitution at position 186 was detected as an Msp I PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP）. The association analysis using the Large WhitexMeishan F2 offspring suggested that the Mxl genotype was associated with variation in several immunity traits that are of interest in pig breeding. However, further investigations in more populations are needed to confirm the above concept.

Analysis of promoter activity reveals that GmFTL2 expression differs from that of the known Flowering Locus T genes in soybean

Regulation of flowering is one of the key issues in crop yield. The Floiuering Loews T(FT) gene is a well-known florigen, which integrates various signals from multiple flowering-regulation pathways to initiate flowering. We previously reported that there are at least six FT genes(GmFTLl-6) in soybean displaying flowering activity. However, the individual functions of genes GmFTLl-6 remain to be identified. In this study, we cloned the GmFTL2 promoter(GmFTLpro) from soybean(Glycine max) cultivar Tianlong 1 and analyzed its motifs bioinformatically and its expression patterns using both a transgenic approach and quantitative RT-PCR(qRT-PCR). In GmFTLpro::GUS transgenic lines, GUS signals were enriched in cotyledons, hypocotyledons, pollen, embryos, and root tips in a photoperiod-independent manner. qRT-PCR confirmed the GUS reporter results. Our results suggest that GmFTL2 expression is regulated by developmental and tissue-specific clues and plays roles in seedling establishment and the development of micro game tophytes, embryos, and roots.

Multiple mediation effects of health locusof control and hope on the relationshipbetween stroke patients’ social supportand self-management

Objective:This study aimed to identify the mediation effects of health locus of control(HLC)and hope between stroke patients’social support and self-management.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 300 Chinese stroke patients were recruited by convenient sampling from the acupuncture department of two Chinese Traditional Medical Hospitals in Tianjin Province from June to September 2018.The self-report questionnaires include Social Support Assessment Scale,Herth Hope Index,Mental Health Locus of Control Scale,Stroke Self-management Behavior Scale,and personal information questionnaires.All the survey data were entered in Excel and analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program.Mediation was tested with Bootstrapping in AMOS 23.0 program.Results:The result showed that internal health locus of control(IHLC),chance health locus of control(CHLC)and hope were the mediators between social support and self-management.The direct,indirect,and total effects of social support on self-management behavior were 0.306 (P<0.01),0.109(P<0.01),and 0.415(P<0.01),respectively.Conclusions:Social support can directly influence self-management,and it can also indirectly influence self-management through IHLC,CHLC,and hope.

H_1 and H_2 receptors in the locus ceruleus are involved in the intracere-broventricular histamine-induced carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex reset-ting in rats

Objective To investigate the role of H1 and H2 receptors in the locus ceruleus （LC） in carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex （CSR） resetting induced by intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） injection of histamine （HA）. Methods The left and right carotid sinus regions were isolated from the systemic circulation in 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The intracarotid sinus pressure （ISP） was altered in a stepwise manner in vivo. ISP-mean arterial pressure （MAP） relationship curve and its characteristic parameters were constructed by fitting to the logistic function with five parameters. The changes in CSR performance induced by i.c.v. HA and the effects of pretreatment with H1 or H2 receptors selective antagonist, chlorpheniramine （CHL） or cimetidine （CIM） into the LC, on the responses of CSR to HA were examined. Results I.c.v. HA （100 ng in 5 μl） significantly shifted the ISP-MAP relationship curve upwards （P 〈 0.05） and obviously decreased the value of the reflex parameters such as MAP range and maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）, but increased the threshold pressure, saturation pressure and ISP at maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）. The pretreatment with CHL （0.5 μg in 1 μl） or CIM （1.5 μg in 1 μl） into the LC could obviously attenuate the changes mentioned above in CSR performance induced by HA, but the alleviative effect of CIM was less remarkable than that of CHL （P 〈 0.05）. Respective microinjection of CHL or CIM alone into the LC with the corresponding dose and volume did not change CSR performance significantly （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Intracerebroventricular administration of HA results in a rapid resetting of CSR and a decrease in reflex sensitivity, and the responses of CSR to HA may be mediated, at least in part, by H1 and H2 receptors activities in the LC, especially by H1 receptors. Moreover, the effects of the central HA on CSR might be related to a histaminergic descending pathway from the hypothalamus to LC.

Effects of acetylcholine injection on electric activities of pain-related neurons in the locus ceruleus of healthy rats

BACKGROUND： A large number of investigations have shown that acetylcholine （ACh） and the nucleus locus coeruleus （LC） play an important role in the modulation of pain in rats; however, there is no concrete evidence addressing the relationship between ACh injection into the LC and the electrical activities of pain-related neurons in the LC of healthy rats. OBJECTIVE： To study changes in the discharge of pain-related neurons in the LC following injection of ACh, or its M receptor antagonist, atropine, and to investigate the role of ACh and the LC in the pain signaling pathway. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neuroelectrophysiological animal experiment was performed from November 2007 to December 2008, in the Physiological Laboratory of Harbin Medical University, China. MATERIALS： Acetylcholine chloride was obtained from Shanghai San＇aisi Reagent Co., Ltd., China atropine was purchased from Tianjin Jinyao Amino Acid Co., Ltd., China. METHODS： This study was divided into two sections as follows： （1） 46 adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned into an ACh group and a control group, with 23 rats in each. （2） 34 adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to an atropine group and a control group, with 17 rats in each. The sciatic nerve was stimulated by a series of electrical impulses, serving as peripheral noxious stimuli. Electrical changes in pain-related neurons in the LC were measured by glass microelectrodes. The LC of rats in the ACh and atropine groups were injected with 2 μg/μL ACh or 0.5 μg/μL atropine, respectively, in 1 μL volume. Rats in the control groups received injection of 1 pL physiological saline within 4 minutes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： To measure the net increase in the discharge value, latency and complete inhibitory duration of pain-related neurons before and after administration of ACh or atropine. RESULTS： The injection of ACh into the LC increased the pain-evoked discharge frequency and shortened the latency of the pain-excitation neurons. It decreased the pain-evoked discharged frequency and prolonged the inhibitory duration of pain-inhibition neurons. Injection of atropine into LC blocked the effects of ACh. CONCLUSION： ACh strengthened the response of pain-related neurons in LC of rats to noxious stimulation, exhibiting the effects of facilitated pain. This indicates that ACh and LC play an important role in the modulation of algesia.