BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a common complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes that can lead to kidney damage and high blood pressure.Increasing evidence support the important roles of microproteins and cyt...BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a common complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes that can lead to kidney damage and high blood pressure.Increasing evidence support the important roles of microproteins and cytokines,such asβ2-microglobulin(β2-MG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),in the pathogenesis of this disease.In this study,we identified novel therapeutic options for this disease.AIM To analyze the guiding significance ofβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels in patients with DN.METHODS A total of 107 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with nephropathy and treated in our hospital from May 2018 to February 2021 were included in the study.Additionally,107 healthy individuals and 107 patients with simple diabetes mellitus were selected as the control groups.Changes inβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels in the three groups as well as the different proteinuria exhibited by the three groups were examined.RESULTS Changes inβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels in the disease,healthy,and simple diabetes groups were significantly different(P<0.05).The expression of these factors from high to low were evaluated in different groups by pairwise comparison.In the disease group,high to low changes inβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels were noted in the massive proteinuria,microproteinuria,and normal urinary protein groups,respectively.Changes in these factors were positively correlated with disease progression.CONCLUSION The expression of serumβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF was closely correlated with DN progression,and disease progression could be evaluated by these factors.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the glycated hemoglobin(HbA_(1c)) determination methods and to determine fructosamine in patients with chronic hepatitis,compensated cirrhosis and in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavi...AIM:To evaluate the glycated hemoglobin(HbA_(1c)) determination methods and to determine fructosamine in patients with chronic hepatitis,compensated cirrhosis and in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavirin. METHODS:HbA_(1c) values were determined in 15 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and in 20 patients with chronic hepatitis using the ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography and the immunoassay methods. Fructosamine was determined using nitroblue tetrazolium. RESULTS:Forty percent of patients with liver cirrhosis had HbA_(1c) results below the non-diabetic reference range by at least one HbA_(1c)method,while fructosamine results were either within the reference range or elevated.Twenty percent of patients with chronic hepatitis(hepatic fibrosis) had HbA_(1c)results below the non-diabetic reference range by at least one HbA_(1c)method.In patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavirin,50% of HbA_(1c)results were below the non-diabetic reference using at least one of the HbA_(1c)methods. CONCLUSION:Only evaluated in context with all liver function parameters as well as a red blood count including reticulocytes,HbA_(1c)results should be used in patients with advanced liver disease.HbA_(1c)and fructosamine measurements should be used with caution when evaluating long-term glucose control in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or in patients with chronic hepatitis and dbavidn treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Hyperglycemia has been detected in many critically ill patients in the department of emergency medicine.But its mechanism and prognosis have not been well elucidated.In this study,we measured the serum leve...BACKGROUND:Hyperglycemia has been detected in many critically ill patients in the department of emergency medicine.But its mechanism and prognosis have not been well elucidated.In this study,we measured the serum level of glycated hemoglobin A1C(HbA1c) in critically ill patients to evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia on the prognosis of the patients.METHODS:A total of 826 critically ill patients,who had been treated at the Department of Emergency Medicine of Chaoyang Hospital during October 2006 and November 2007,were divided into a diabetes mellitus group(n=184) and a non-diabetes mellitus group(642) according to whether they had diabetes mellitus.Fasting glucose and HbA1 c were measured in all patients.Those in the diabetes mellitus group were further assigned to a drug therapy subgroup and a non-drug therapy subgroup;the serum level of HbA1 c and its relationship with short-term outcome were evaluated.RESULTS:Fasting glucose increased in 78.8% of the patients(88.6%in the diabetes mellitus group,and 75.9%in the non-diabetes mellitus group,P<0.05),and HbA1 c was elevated in 45.5% of the patients(78.3% in the diabetes mellitus group,and 36.1%in the non-diabetes mellitus group,P<0.01).Fasting glucose,HbA1 c and 28-day mortality were improved more significantly(P<0.01) in the drug therapy subgroup than in the non-drug therapy subgroup.The 28-day mortality was more significantly different in patients with fasting blood glucose >8.33 mmol/L than in those with fasting blood glucose <8.33 mmol/L.CONCLUSIONS:Hyperglycemia of critically ill patients could not totally attribute to stress response,especially in those who have no history of diabetes mellitus.Prognosis of hyperglycemia may vary among critically ill patients.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the utility of the hemoglobin A1C （HbA1C） at the frst prenatal visit as a triaging tool in patients at high risk for gestational diabetes （GDM）.METHODS： The HbA1C was obtained at the frst prenat...AIM： To evaluate the utility of the hemoglobin A1C （HbA1C） at the frst prenatal visit as a triaging tool in patients at high risk for gestational diabetes （GDM）.METHODS： The HbA1C was obtained at the frst prenatal visit prior to 20 wk. Women with a HbA1C ≥ 6.5% （group one） were instructed on diet and daily self-monitoring of blood glucose. Women with a HbA1C between 5.7%-6.4% （group two） were offered testing or daily self-monitoring of blood glucose. Women with a HbA1C 〈 5.7% （group three） were tested at 24-28 wk. Patients were tested for GDM using the two step testing and Carpenter and Coustan values as cutoffs. Medication was started if patients failed to meet glycemic goals of fasting ≤ 95 mg/dL （5.3 mmol/L） and 2 h postprandial ≤ 120 mg/dL （6.7 mmol/L）.RESULTS： In group one （n = 16）, 15/16 （95%） re-quired medication to achieve euglycemia. The mean gestational age at which medication was required was early at 14 ± 6 wk. Postpartum, 14/16 patients （87%） remained diabetic. Group two contained 82 patients. Sixty-sixpatients （80%） were given a diagnosis of GDM and 52 patients （64%） required medication. The mean gestational age at which medication was started in group two was 20 ± 7.8 wk. There were 205 patients in group three, 18 patients （8.7%） were diagnosed with GDM and 13 patients （6%） required medication. In comparison to group three, patients in group one were 220 times more likely to require medication （95%CI： 26.9- 〉 999, P 〈 0.0001）. Patients in group two were 26 times more likely to require medication （95%CI： 12.5-54.3, P 〈 0.0001）.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a common complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes that can lead to kidney damage and high blood pressure.Increasing evidence support the important roles of microproteins and cytokines,such asβ2-microglobulin(β2-MG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),in the pathogenesis of this disease.In this study,we identified novel therapeutic options for this disease.AIM To analyze the guiding significance ofβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels in patients with DN.METHODS A total of 107 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with nephropathy and treated in our hospital from May 2018 to February 2021 were included in the study.Additionally,107 healthy individuals and 107 patients with simple diabetes mellitus were selected as the control groups.Changes inβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels in the three groups as well as the different proteinuria exhibited by the three groups were examined.RESULTS Changes inβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels in the disease,healthy,and simple diabetes groups were significantly different(P<0.05).The expression of these factors from high to low were evaluated in different groups by pairwise comparison.In the disease group,high to low changes inβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF levels were noted in the massive proteinuria,microproteinuria,and normal urinary protein groups,respectively.Changes in these factors were positively correlated with disease progression.CONCLUSION The expression of serumβ2-MG,HbA1c,and VEGF was closely correlated with DN progression,and disease progression could be evaluated by these factors.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the glycated hemoglobin(HbA_(1c)) determination methods and to determine fructosamine in patients with chronic hepatitis,compensated cirrhosis and in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavirin. METHODS:HbA_(1c) values were determined in 15 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and in 20 patients with chronic hepatitis using the ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography and the immunoassay methods. Fructosamine was determined using nitroblue tetrazolium. RESULTS:Forty percent of patients with liver cirrhosis had HbA_(1c) results below the non-diabetic reference range by at least one HbA_(1c)method,while fructosamine results were either within the reference range or elevated.Twenty percent of patients with chronic hepatitis(hepatic fibrosis) had HbA_(1c)results below the non-diabetic reference range by at least one HbA_(1c)method.In patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavirin,50% of HbA_(1c)results were below the non-diabetic reference using at least one of the HbA_(1c)methods. CONCLUSION:Only evaluated in context with all liver function parameters as well as a red blood count including reticulocytes,HbA_(1c)results should be used in patients with advanced liver disease.HbA_(1c)and fructosamine measurements should be used with caution when evaluating long-term glucose control in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or in patients with chronic hepatitis and dbavidn treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND:Hyperglycemia has been detected in many critically ill patients in the department of emergency medicine.But its mechanism and prognosis have not been well elucidated.In this study,we measured the serum level of glycated hemoglobin A1C(HbA1c) in critically ill patients to evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia on the prognosis of the patients.METHODS:A total of 826 critically ill patients,who had been treated at the Department of Emergency Medicine of Chaoyang Hospital during October 2006 and November 2007,were divided into a diabetes mellitus group(n=184) and a non-diabetes mellitus group(642) according to whether they had diabetes mellitus.Fasting glucose and HbA1 c were measured in all patients.Those in the diabetes mellitus group were further assigned to a drug therapy subgroup and a non-drug therapy subgroup;the serum level of HbA1 c and its relationship with short-term outcome were evaluated.RESULTS:Fasting glucose increased in 78.8% of the patients(88.6%in the diabetes mellitus group,and 75.9%in the non-diabetes mellitus group,P<0.05),and HbA1 c was elevated in 45.5% of the patients(78.3% in the diabetes mellitus group,and 36.1%in the non-diabetes mellitus group,P<0.01).Fasting glucose,HbA1 c and 28-day mortality were improved more significantly(P<0.01) in the drug therapy subgroup than in the non-drug therapy subgroup.The 28-day mortality was more significantly different in patients with fasting blood glucose >8.33 mmol/L than in those with fasting blood glucose <8.33 mmol/L.CONCLUSIONS:Hyperglycemia of critically ill patients could not totally attribute to stress response,especially in those who have no history of diabetes mellitus.Prognosis of hyperglycemia may vary among critically ill patients.
文摘AIM： To evaluate the utility of the hemoglobin A1C （HbA1C） at the frst prenatal visit as a triaging tool in patients at high risk for gestational diabetes （GDM）.METHODS： The HbA1C was obtained at the frst prenatal visit prior to 20 wk. Women with a HbA1C ≥ 6.5% （group one） were instructed on diet and daily self-monitoring of blood glucose. Women with a HbA1C between 5.7%-6.4% （group two） were offered testing or daily self-monitoring of blood glucose. Women with a HbA1C 〈 5.7% （group three） were tested at 24-28 wk. Patients were tested for GDM using the two step testing and Carpenter and Coustan values as cutoffs. Medication was started if patients failed to meet glycemic goals of fasting ≤ 95 mg/dL （5.3 mmol/L） and 2 h postprandial ≤ 120 mg/dL （6.7 mmol/L）.RESULTS： In group one （n = 16）, 15/16 （95%） re-quired medication to achieve euglycemia. The mean gestational age at which medication was required was early at 14 ± 6 wk. Postpartum, 14/16 patients （87%） remained diabetic. Group two contained 82 patients. Sixty-sixpatients （80%） were given a diagnosis of GDM and 52 patients （64%） required medication. The mean gestational age at which medication was started in group two was 20 ± 7.8 wk. There were 205 patients in group three, 18 patients （8.7%） were diagnosed with GDM and 13 patients （6%） required medication. In comparison to group three, patients in group one were 220 times more likely to require medication （95%CI： 26.9- 〉 999, P 〈 0.0001）. Patients in group two were 26 times more likely to require medication （95%CI： 12.5-54.3, P 〈 0.0001）.
