Objective To evaluate the protective efficacy of gossypin （3,3＇,4＇,5,7,8-hexahydroxyflavone 8-glucoside） by administering it intraperitoneally, for dose, time, and vehicle dependent effects against sulphur mustard...Objective To evaluate the protective efficacy of gossypin （3,3＇,4＇,5,7,8-hexahydroxyflavone 8-glucoside） by administering it intraperitoneally, for dose, time, and vehicle dependent effects against sulphur mustard （SM）, administered through percutaneous route in mice. Methods SM （diluted in PEG-300） was administered percutaneously. The protective efficacy of gossypin was evaluated by administering it intraperitoneally （50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg）, in various vehicles （water, PEG-300 and DMSO）, and time intervals （30 min prior, simultaneous and 2 h post）. The time dependent protection of gossypin （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） was also evaluated using selected biochemical variables （GSH, GSSG, MDA, total antioxidant status, Hb, WBC count, RBC count, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase） and liver histology. The protection of gossypin by oral route was also evaluated against percutaneously administered SM. Results The protection against systemic toxicity of SM （LD50 8.1 mg/kg） was better when gossypin was given with PEG-300 （8.0 folds） than DMSO （5.7 folds）. No protection was observed when gossypin was administered with water. Good protection （8.0 folds） was observed when gossypin was administered （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） at 30 min prior or simultaneous to SM exposure, but no protection was observed when gossypin was administered 2 h post to SM exposure. A significant weight loss was observed 7 days after SM administration （2 LD50）, with a significant increase in RBC and Hb. A significant decrease in total antioxidant status of plasma, liver GSH and GSSG levels, and in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase was also observed 7 days after SM administration. SM treated mouse liver also showed necrosis. A significant protection was observed when gossypin （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） was administered either as a pretreatment （30 min before） or simultaneous treatment, and not as a post treatment （2 h）. The protective efficacy of gossypin was better through oral route when administered with DMSO （4.8 folds） than with PEG-300 （2.4 folds）. No protection was observed when gossypin was administered orally with water. Conclusion Percutaneous administration of SM induces oxidative stress and gossypin can protect it as a prophylactic agent by intraperitoneal or oral routes.展开更多
Nature is the source of the various raw chemicals in the form of oils, food supplement, neutraceuticals, and colour pigments. A lot of presently existing drugs available in the market mainly belong to the natural sour...Nature is the source of the various raw chemicals in the form of oils, food supplement, neutraceuticals, and colour pigments. A lot of presently existing drugs available in the market mainly belong to the natural sources including the plants, animal, microorganism, minerals and marine source. Flavonoids, benzo-c-pirone derivates are one of the main secondary flavonoid liable for the different shades of flowers like orange, yellow and red color. More than 4000 flavonoids like flavanols, flavonols, isoflavones, flavanones, flavanonols and flavones are found in the different edible plants which are also found in the regular human diet. Flavonoids are present in vegetables, spices, tea, whole grains, fruits, wine, herbs and seeds. Gossypin, a flavonol glucoside, is present in the flowers of different plants like Gossypium indicum, Hibiscus esculentus and Hibiscus vitifolius and is one of the major chemical of plants belonging to 'Malvaceae' family. In the present review, we have collected all the information of gossypin and found that it has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, analgesic and hepatoprotective activities. It also protects against beta-amyloid induced toxicity. The information provided in the present review will be beneficial to the researchers of the various field of science for the development of better alternate for various disorders. On the basis of the presented database of this review we can conclude that gossypin has various beneficial effects and it could be used for the treatment of various disorders.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the protective efficacy of gossypin （3,3＇,4＇,5,7,8-hexahydroxyflavone 8-glucoside） by administering it intraperitoneally, for dose, time, and vehicle dependent effects against sulphur mustard （SM）, administered through percutaneous route in mice. Methods SM （diluted in PEG-300） was administered percutaneously. The protective efficacy of gossypin was evaluated by administering it intraperitoneally （50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg）, in various vehicles （water, PEG-300 and DMSO）, and time intervals （30 min prior, simultaneous and 2 h post）. The time dependent protection of gossypin （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） was also evaluated using selected biochemical variables （GSH, GSSG, MDA, total antioxidant status, Hb, WBC count, RBC count, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase） and liver histology. The protection of gossypin by oral route was also evaluated against percutaneously administered SM. Results The protection against systemic toxicity of SM （LD50 8.1 mg/kg） was better when gossypin was given with PEG-300 （8.0 folds） than DMSO （5.7 folds）. No protection was observed when gossypin was administered with water. Good protection （8.0 folds） was observed when gossypin was administered （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） at 30 min prior or simultaneous to SM exposure, but no protection was observed when gossypin was administered 2 h post to SM exposure. A significant weight loss was observed 7 days after SM administration （2 LD50）, with a significant increase in RBC and Hb. A significant decrease in total antioxidant status of plasma, liver GSH and GSSG levels, and in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase was also observed 7 days after SM administration. SM treated mouse liver also showed necrosis. A significant protection was observed when gossypin （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） was administered either as a pretreatment （30 min before） or simultaneous treatment, and not as a post treatment （2 h）. The protective efficacy of gossypin was better through oral route when administered with DMSO （4.8 folds） than with PEG-300 （2.4 folds）. No protection was observed when gossypin was administered orally with water. Conclusion Percutaneous administration of SM induces oxidative stress and gossypin can protect it as a prophylactic agent by intraperitoneal or oral routes.
文摘Nature is the source of the various raw chemicals in the form of oils, food supplement, neutraceuticals, and colour pigments. A lot of presently existing drugs available in the market mainly belong to the natural sources including the plants, animal, microorganism, minerals and marine source. Flavonoids, benzo-c-pirone derivates are one of the main secondary flavonoid liable for the different shades of flowers like orange, yellow and red color. More than 4000 flavonoids like flavanols, flavonols, isoflavones, flavanones, flavanonols and flavones are found in the different edible plants which are also found in the regular human diet. Flavonoids are present in vegetables, spices, tea, whole grains, fruits, wine, herbs and seeds. Gossypin, a flavonol glucoside, is present in the flowers of different plants like Gossypium indicum, Hibiscus esculentus and Hibiscus vitifolius and is one of the major chemical of plants belonging to 'Malvaceae' family. In the present review, we have collected all the information of gossypin and found that it has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, analgesic and hepatoprotective activities. It also protects against beta-amyloid induced toxicity. The information provided in the present review will be beneficial to the researchers of the various field of science for the development of better alternate for various disorders. On the basis of the presented database of this review we can conclude that gossypin has various beneficial effects and it could be used for the treatment of various disorders.
