English Translation of Culture-Loaded Words——A Corpus Based Study

Under the background of Chinese culture“going out”initiative,research on the translation of culture-loaded words can speed up the spread of Chinese culture.Firstly,the author builds a parallel corpus based on the English translation and Chinese version of“Xi Jinping:The Governance of the Country”(Volume III).Secondly,a total of 800 culture-loaded words was collected from this book among which the author selected 135 culture-loaded words by random sampling,and divided them into four categories:social culture-loaded words,material culture-loaded words,ecological culture-loaded words,and language culture-loaded words according to Nida’s classification of culture-loaded words.Thirdly,the study found that foreignization was more preferred by the translators and the author summarized the main translation strategies of culture-loaded words,including literal translation,free translation,transliteration plus annotation,literal translation plus annotation,etc.Finally,seven typical examples were selected for further analysis and the author illustrated how the application of translation strategies promoted Chinese culture“go out”initiative.

SPECIAL ISSUE： RULE OF LAW--CHINA AND THE WORLD International Law as the Law of Domestic Governance： China＇s Propositions and Institutional Practice

Like domestic law, international law can be used in domestic governance, where it can become an important instrument assisting China＇s Party and government to rule the country and manage state affairs. Incorporating part of international law into domestic law and comprehensively advancing the rule of law in accord with the principle of national sovereignty demonstrate the openness and international vision of China＇s rule of law construction. Translating these propositions into concrete institutional practice will be of vital significance for improving the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, advancing the international rule of law and promoting world peace.

Rule of Law Construction and Assessment at the Local Level

Going beyond the analytical model of the holistic state in rule of law discussion, we can classify the rule of law into national and local levels based on the stages and increments of its execution. The phenomenon of the local rule of law reflects the stages and incremental progress of building a rule of law China. It has a realistic foundation in society and a profound basis in legal theory. Comprehensively advancing the rule of law in China necessitates giving encouragement and support to construction of the rule of law at the local level. The attempts and experiments of local government enable us to explore and innovate the developmental model of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. The rule of law at the local level is embodied in three dimensions： ＂text--action---concept.＂ Assessment mechanisms and indicators for the local construction of the rule of law should also be established in accordance with this framework. The building of the rule of law at the local level should be synchronized with assessment of the rule of law. We need to optimize top-level design, conduct evaluations of local legislation, improve local rule of law work performance assessment and use a nile of law index to assess the local rule of law in an overall manner.