Pesticide Residues and Government Regulation in China─Evidence from Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables

China is a big producer and exporter of fruits and vegetables,and pesticide residues are an important factor affecting the quality and safety of fruits and vegetables and their export trade.In this paper,we analyzed the pesticide residue data on fruits and vegetables in 32 major Chinese cities between 2012—2019,the export data of Chinese fruits and vegetables and the role of pesticides in foodborne diseases.The results showed that pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables(PRFV)partial excess of maximum residue standard(MRL)and residues of banned pesticide were still widespread in China.By comparing the standards of pesticide residues in the European Union and China and addressing the agricultural situation in China,this paper analyzed the main causes of PRFV in China and put forward some policy suggestions for strengthening government regulation of pesticide application in agricultural products.

The Coevolutionary Relationship of Technology, Market and Government Regulation in Telecommunications

The telecommunications industry has been undergoing tremendous technological changes, and owning to continuous technological advancement, it has maintained sustained prosperity and development. In this paper, the interplay between technology, market and government in telecommunications is discussed briefly, and then we introduce technology and government into the traditional SCP(Structure – Conduct – Performance) paradigm to develop an industry analysis framework called TGM(SCP)(Technology – Government – Market(Structure – Conduct – Performance)). Based on this framework, we present the spiral coevolution model which elaborates on the interaction mechanism of technological innovation with government regulation and market dynamics from the perspective of industry evolution. Our study indicates that the development of the telecommunications industry is the result of the coevolution of technology, government regulation and market forces, and among the three actors, technology is the fundamental driving force. Relative to the "invisible hand"(market) and "visible hand"(government), we conceptualize technology as the "third hand", which fundamentally drives the development of telecommunications industry in coordination with the other two hands. We also provide several policy implications regarding these findings.

The Government Regulation of Economy Transformations in Terms of the Multinational Entrepreneurship Development and Technological Progress

In this paper, the mechanisms and principles of economic regulation from the classical and modem approaches standpoints were analyzed, the typical for world economic theory trends of the government＇s economic role elaboration, of the government regulatory authority, reducing in favor of market self-organization was argued. The transnationalization as a factor of government regulation mechanisms modernization was estimated and the perspectives of government and MNC interactions development in the modem world were evaluated. The recommendations for improving the government economical regulation infrastructure and mechanisms due to the conditions of economy globalizing, transnational business developing, technologies progressing were presented

Construction of building energy conservation incentive policies under government regulation: Based on the subjects' behavior analysis

Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy conservation. Implementation of building energy efficiency of government regulation covers three aspects of construction and involves relevant participators, so the paper analyzes interests and roles of the related subjects in building energy saving, explore the motivations and its conversion mechanism of each player, and dissect the game relationship of associated earnings of developers' and consumers' behaviors selection under government control. Finally, the paper proposes basic requirements of building incentive policies for related subjects under government control to regulate the main behaviors of subjects in building energy efficient buildings and achieve energy efficiency goals and balance of all parties' benefits.

Empirical Research on the Impact of Government Regulation on Economic Development

Government regulations has great significance to establish the corresponding business rules for the market operation. However, as a ＂latent variable＂ in statistical area, government regulations has no direct method to measure. Firstly, this paper constructs the observation indexes of government regulation at macro level. Secondly, it establishes the SEM to measure the effects of government regulation on economic development. Finally, policy implications about measuring government regulation are illustrated.

The Influence of Government Regulation on Audit Quality

＂Independent Audit basic norms＂ pointed out independent audit is the CPA entrusted by law, to be conduct an independent review of the accounting statements and related information and issue the audit opinion.＂ In the stock market, an independent audit is an important means to achieve fair presentation of financial statements by SFC-authorized accounting firm to conduct an independent audit of listed companies. In the open accounting services market, the independent audit is the most occupied audit resources, the most important business, and therefore the business is also subject to severe supervision of the SFC. Its value lies in perform forensic of the financial statements information of listed companies, and the higher the quality, the more it can reduce the risk of material misstatement of the financial statements, which is the need to strengthen and improve audit quality. Our independent audit market originated in the 1980s, along with the reform and opening up, China＇s economy is experiencing rapid growth, the demand for high quality audit increasingly enhanced. Audit activities have the nature of external and information asymmetry. External audit refers to it have an impact to investors, government departments and the other public stakeholders. Information asymmetry refers to the information asymmetry between the auditor and the audited entity, but due to the presence of asymmetric information and other reasons, the interests of stakeholders will be hurt by false information Government regulation as a model audit industry control, either in foreign or domestic, have played an irreplaceable role, especially in the socialism of China, plays a leading role. For example, when Enron bankruptcy United States speedly issue SOX in 2002 to strengthen the role of government regulation, effectively preventing the conspiracy of the CPA and the audited entity and improve audit quality. Visiblely, the role of government regulation in the audit market is very important.

Research on the efficiency of government regulation in Shanghai

The party＇s Third Plenary Session of the eighteen proposed to fully and properly perform the functions of the government, stressed that the government management to prior approval is more things in the post regulation, the implementation of the ＂Wide into standard＂. From the current regulation, there exists a single way, too microcosmic law enforcement problems, can not meet the needs of the development of society and economy. Regulators should take to promote the benefits of a socialist market economy as the goal to improve administrative efficiency as a means of regulatory authorities. Highly centralized regulatory approach taken by improving the legal system, refme the regulatory content, improve government regulation.

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Foreigners Included Foreign employees in China will be entitled to the same social insurance benefits as Chinese nationals when the new Social Insurance Law goes into effect on July 1, 2011,according a senior official with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. Target groups include foreign workers employed by Chinese and overseas-fund-

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Tougher bank regulations New rules setting stricter criteria for lenders’ capital adequacy,provisions,leverage, and liquidity conditions are going to take effect at the beginning of 2012,according to the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC). The banks are required to meet the new standards by the end of 2013 and the end of 2016 respectively.

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Stricter Rules for Foreigners A stricter provincial rule governing foreigners who live and work in south China’s Guangdong Province took effective on May 1 to tackle the problem of illegal immigration.People are encouraged to report wrongdoing like illegal entry,

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Resource Tax Adjusted China will implement new resource tax rates for oil and gas from November 1, 2011,according to the State Council, China’s cabinet. The sales of crude oil and natural gas nationwide will be subject to a tax of between 5 percent and 10 percent. It will also impose a tax of 0.4-60 yuan ($0.06-9.4) per ton on rare earth ores and 8-20 yuan($1.2-3.1) a ton on coking coal. Taxes on other types of coal remained unchanged at 0.3-5 yuan

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Tax Exempted Import tax exemption on equipment used in oil and gas drilling programs was granted by the Chinese Government in order to support the drilling industry, according to a statement released on the website of the Ministry of Finance on September 1. The statement said equipment,instruments, accessories and special purpose tools that domestic companies can’t produce and are directly used in exploration

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Combating IPR Infringements China’s Ministry of Public Security launched a new round of crackdown on intellectual property right infringements starting from November 2010 to March 2011. According to Liu Jinguo,Vice Minister of Public Security,the campaign will focus on combating against infringement of copyrights,trademarks and the patents. Meanwhile,they will fight against the pro-

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Food Package Data China’s Ministry of Health stipulates that the amount of trans fat and other dietary information should be marked on the labels of packaged food in the country’s first national nutritional standard for food nutrition labeling, effective January 1,2013. The new regulation means food package labels will have to detail information on nutrition,including levels of energy,protein,fat,carbohydrate and

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Controlling Traffic Chaos Beijing residents now need to apply to buy a car as new regulations,effective from January 1,became part of a series of new polices to curb mounting traffic chaos.Other regulations include limited automobile registration and increased parking charges.According to the regulations issued by Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport,the city will license only 240,000 new vehicles in 2011,a third of the 700,000 new autos that hit Beijing roads in 2010.Eighty-eight percent of the quota will be distributed among first-time

ChinAfrica briefly introduces the latest Chinese Government regulations

Flour Additives Banned Two food additives,benzoyl peroxide and calcium peroxide,are prohibited from flour production starting May 1,according to a statement issued by China’s Ministry of Health on March 1. The decision was made in response to increasing public requests for natural food and less chemical additives,the statement said.In addition,with the improvement in the country’s flour processing and wheat planting tech-

Government Regulation,Enforcement,and Economic Consequences in a Transition Economy:Empirical Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies Implementing the Split Share Structure Reform

In a changing transition economy, Chinese government regulations that adopt the relatively simple bright line rule formula are enforceable in practice. Taking the early reform-oriented policies of the China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC) as an example, we find that the CSRC did not consider local enthusiasm for reform when allocating IPO resources because of the high enforcement costs involved. We also find that CSRC listed company regulations were enforced due to the lower costs involved in verifying regulatory violations, and that listed companies that completed the reform process were given priority in public refinancing. We present empirical evidence supporting the theoretical basis for the hypotheses outlined above. We also conclude that companies that completed the reform process in 2005 were of significantly higher quality and that the SEO regulation did not affect stock market efficiency. These findings enhance our understanding of the efficiency of government regulation in a transition economy.

Market-Led Development Under the Government Regulation in Urban Renewal:New Thoughts in the Urban Renewal Planning of Shenzhen in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period

An urban renewal mode of"government guidance and marketized operation"has been established in Shenzhen City according to the Measures for Urban Renewal in Shenzhen promulgated in 2009,which has formed a fully marketized renewal mode.However,from the development in the 12th Five-Year Plan period,it can be seen that a number of problems had emerged,such as an imbalanced renewal structure,overload of the maximum capacity,shortage of supporting facilities,and a lack of coordination,which had resulted in a low efficiency of the urban renewal.In view that little attention has been paid to planning coordination and public interests in the renewal process,some new thoughts,characterized by market-led and government-regulated balanced development,is proposed in the urban renewal planning of Shenzhen in the 13th Five-Year Plan period.It emphasizes that,while insisting on the principle of"market-led development,"the government should change its role from"active nonintervention"to"active regulation,"and adopt specific measures such as implementing renewal coordination planning,strengthening renewal zoning control,establishing early warning mechanisms,and improving the configuration standards for supporting facilities.

Impacts and effects of government regulation on farmers＇ responses to drought： A case study of North China Plain

Frequent extreme weather events like drought, etc. in the context of climate change present huge challenges to agricultural production. To find out if farmers have taken measures against them and identify governments＇ impact on their response measures are the foundation of and key to further improving relevant policies and farmers＇ responsiveness. Taking the North China Plain as an example, the study analyzes farmers＇ responses to fre- quent climate change-induced drought, and assesses the impacts of governments＇ early- warning, policy support and other factors on farmers＇ responses based on questionnaire survey data and an econometric approach. The results show that： （1） Farmers are responsive to drought, and they are more likely to take measures as the degree of drought deepening. （2） Governments＇ regulation affects farmers＇ responses, although only part of its regulation measures has remarkable effects. Governments＇ early-warning messages can increase the possibility of farmers＇ responding to drought, however, only when they get the early-warning in all the processes including before, during, and after disasters can the effects be significant. Currently, as the primary channel through which early-warning information is released, tele- vision cannot change farmers＇ behaviors significantly. Early-warning is most effective when spread via two or more types of channels. In addition, governments＇ （especially town and village level institutions＇） policy support has certain impacts on farmers＇ responses to drought, yet with less prominent effects in disaster years than in normal years; to provide subsidies, as a regulation measure, can encourage farmers＇ initiative a lot in adopting response measures, but most of the farmers haven＇t got support from any institutions. Both the structure and strength of government regulation need to be improved. （3） Farmers with different conditions respond differently. Farmer households in irrigation areas, those whose farmland is lower fragmented, and those with numerous agricultural family members tend to take response measures. The study can provide scientific reference to the making of relevant regulation policies under the background of acidifications.