Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by melt mixing in internal mixer using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as an initiator. The results from proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Four...Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by melt mixing in internal mixer using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as an initiator. The results from proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that the grafting reaction of GMA onto PLA took place successfully. The impact strength of PLA-g-GMA was significantly higher than that of pure PLA. The crystallinity of PLA, obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), decreased after grafting. In order to obtain the optimal mixing conditions, the mixing time was varied into 7, 10 and 14 min. The optimum mixing time of 10 min was found to give the optimum mechanical properties of glycidyl methacrylate grafted poly (lactic acid) (PLA-g- GMA). However, the mixing time played no important role in impact behavior of PLA-g-GMA. In addition, the highest crystallinity was obtained with the PLA-g-GMA prepared with the mixing time of 7 min.展开更多
An experiment was undertaken to study the effects of two grafting times (1st of June and end of September) as well as kind of rootstock on growth and rooting of rose stentlings. Two Rosa species i.e. R. canina and R. ...An experiment was undertaken to study the effects of two grafting times (1st of June and end of September) as well as kind of rootstock on growth and rooting of rose stentlings. Two Rosa species i.e. R. canina and R. manetti were selected as rootstock and three different hybrid tea rose cultivars namely Avalanch, Peach Avalanch and Dolcevita were grafted on them as scion through omega and splice techniques. The growth parameters were collected 57 days after grafting. The highest average of rooting, healing percentage, numbers of root, shoot and leaves were seen in September grafted plants. In overall Rosa canina was the best rootstock for Avalanch cultivar. Other observations did not lead to any prominent result as it varied with time of grafting, scion and rootstock cultivars.展开更多
AIM To analyse the risk factors and outcomes of delayed graft function(DGF) in patients receiving a steroid sparing protocol. METHODS Four hundred and twenty-seven recipients of deceased donor kidney transplants were ...AIM To analyse the risk factors and outcomes of delayed graft function(DGF) in patients receiving a steroid sparing protocol. METHODS Four hundred and twenty-seven recipients of deceased donor kidney transplants were studied of which 135(31.6%) experienced DGF. All patients received monoclonal antibody induction with a tacrolimus based, steroid sparing immunosuppression protocol.RESULTS Five year patient survival was 87.2% and 94.9% in the DGF and primary graft function(PGF) group respectively, P = 0.047. Allograft survival was 77.9% and 90.2% in the DGF and PGF group respectively, P < 0.001. Overall rejection free survival was no different between the DGF and PGF groups with a 1 and 5 year rejection free survival in the DGF group of 77.7% and 67.8% compared with 81.3% and 75.3% in the PGF group, P = 0.19. Patients with DGF who received IL2 receptor antibody induction were at significantly higher risk of rejection in the early post-transplant period than the group with DGF who received alemtuzumab induction. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for DGF were male recipients, recipients of black ethnicity, circulatory death donation, preformed DSA, increasing cold ischaemic time, older donor age and dialysis vintage.CONCLUSION Alemtuzumab induction may be of benefit in preventing early rejection episodes associated with DGF. Prospective trials are required to determine optimal immunotherapy protocols for patients at high risk of DGF.展开更多
Most studies revealed that ischemic time has substantial role in occurrence of delayed graft function (DGF) after deceased donor kidney transplantation. However, less is known about the potential impact of surgical ti...Most studies revealed that ischemic time has substantial role in occurrence of delayed graft function (DGF) after deceased donor kidney transplantation. However, less is known about the potential impact of surgical times on early outcomes following live donor kidney transplantation. A retrospective cohort of 189 consecutive laparoscopic live donor kidney transplant (LDKT) recipients from January 2006 to August 2012 was analyzed to reveal the impact of pneumoperitoneum time (PT) and anastomosis time (AT) on donor and recipient length of hospital stay and early graft function (EGF). DGF was observed in 13 (6.8%) patients while slow graft function (SGF) was seen in 27 (14%) of the recipients. The median AT was 28 minutes (interquartile range 23, 35 minutes). AT was associated with DGF (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.044, per minute, 95% CI 1.007, 1.082, p = 0.018). Median recipient length of hospital stay was 8 (interquartile range 7, 11) days. Every 13.5 minutes of longer AT was associated with 1 extra day in hospital. The median PT was 180 minutes (interquartile range 144, 234 minutes). PT was associated with both DGF (OR 1.013 per minute, 95% CI 1.005, 1.021, p = 0.001) and SGF (OR 1.009 per minute, 95% CI 1.002, 1.016, p = 0.016). Every extra hour of PT was associated with 0.42 more days in hospital for the donor. Surgical times may be underestimated variables in dictating use of hospital resources. The effect of surgical times on long term hard outcomes entails further study.展开更多
Transit-time flow technology is considered as a quality of care in bypass surgery especially in off pump revascularization. Transit time flow measurement is a real time, direct, easy and handy tool for assessment qual...Transit-time flow technology is considered as a quality of care in bypass surgery especially in off pump revascularization. Transit time flow measurement is a real time, direct, easy and handy tool for assessment quality of anastomosis and graft blood flow.展开更多
Background: Insufficient capacity for cardiac surgery results in extensive waiting time for patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Previous studies have reported a consequence of an increased ...Background: Insufficient capacity for cardiac surgery results in extensive waiting time for patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Previous studies have reported a consequence of an increased risk of mortality while waiting for CABG. Identification of risk factors for mortality is important in patients waiting for CABG. Objectives: To assess mortality rates and identify risk factors for mortality of patients waiting for CABG. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was done on patients waiting for elective CABG in dr. Kariadi General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Identification of risk factors associated with mortality was done on patients who were waiting for CABG using logistic regression methods. Results: There were 162 patients fulfilling the criteria, with a mean waiting time for surgery of 9.8 months. While waiting for CABG surgery, 32 (19.7%) patients died of any cause. Independent risk factors for death while waiting for CABG included left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45% (OR 4.75;95% CI 1.76 - 12.78;p = 0.002), left main disease (OR 4.12;95% CI 1.50 - 11.27;p = 0.006), serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl (OR 3.71;95% CI 1.41 - 9.74;p = 0.008), and a number of coronary artery disease risk factors ≥ 3 (OR 3.34;95% CI 1.24 - 8.99;p = 0.017). Conclusions: Long waiting time for CABG is associated with a high mortality rate which is influenced by left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45%, left main disease, serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl, and a number of coronary arteries disease risk factors ≥ 3.展开更多
文摘Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by melt mixing in internal mixer using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as an initiator. The results from proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that the grafting reaction of GMA onto PLA took place successfully. The impact strength of PLA-g-GMA was significantly higher than that of pure PLA. The crystallinity of PLA, obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), decreased after grafting. In order to obtain the optimal mixing conditions, the mixing time was varied into 7, 10 and 14 min. The optimum mixing time of 10 min was found to give the optimum mechanical properties of glycidyl methacrylate grafted poly (lactic acid) (PLA-g- GMA). However, the mixing time played no important role in impact behavior of PLA-g-GMA. In addition, the highest crystallinity was obtained with the PLA-g-GMA prepared with the mixing time of 7 min.
文摘An experiment was undertaken to study the effects of two grafting times (1st of June and end of September) as well as kind of rootstock on growth and rooting of rose stentlings. Two Rosa species i.e. R. canina and R. manetti were selected as rootstock and three different hybrid tea rose cultivars namely Avalanch, Peach Avalanch and Dolcevita were grafted on them as scion through omega and splice techniques. The growth parameters were collected 57 days after grafting. The highest average of rooting, healing percentage, numbers of root, shoot and leaves were seen in September grafted plants. In overall Rosa canina was the best rootstock for Avalanch cultivar. Other observations did not lead to any prominent result as it varied with time of grafting, scion and rootstock cultivars.
文摘AIM To analyse the risk factors and outcomes of delayed graft function(DGF) in patients receiving a steroid sparing protocol. METHODS Four hundred and twenty-seven recipients of deceased donor kidney transplants were studied of which 135(31.6%) experienced DGF. All patients received monoclonal antibody induction with a tacrolimus based, steroid sparing immunosuppression protocol.RESULTS Five year patient survival was 87.2% and 94.9% in the DGF and primary graft function(PGF) group respectively, P = 0.047. Allograft survival was 77.9% and 90.2% in the DGF and PGF group respectively, P < 0.001. Overall rejection free survival was no different between the DGF and PGF groups with a 1 and 5 year rejection free survival in the DGF group of 77.7% and 67.8% compared with 81.3% and 75.3% in the PGF group, P = 0.19. Patients with DGF who received IL2 receptor antibody induction were at significantly higher risk of rejection in the early post-transplant period than the group with DGF who received alemtuzumab induction. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for DGF were male recipients, recipients of black ethnicity, circulatory death donation, preformed DSA, increasing cold ischaemic time, older donor age and dialysis vintage.CONCLUSION Alemtuzumab induction may be of benefit in preventing early rejection episodes associated with DGF. Prospective trials are required to determine optimal immunotherapy protocols for patients at high risk of DGF.
文摘Most studies revealed that ischemic time has substantial role in occurrence of delayed graft function (DGF) after deceased donor kidney transplantation. However, less is known about the potential impact of surgical times on early outcomes following live donor kidney transplantation. A retrospective cohort of 189 consecutive laparoscopic live donor kidney transplant (LDKT) recipients from January 2006 to August 2012 was analyzed to reveal the impact of pneumoperitoneum time (PT) and anastomosis time (AT) on donor and recipient length of hospital stay and early graft function (EGF). DGF was observed in 13 (6.8%) patients while slow graft function (SGF) was seen in 27 (14%) of the recipients. The median AT was 28 minutes (interquartile range 23, 35 minutes). AT was associated with DGF (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.044, per minute, 95% CI 1.007, 1.082, p = 0.018). Median recipient length of hospital stay was 8 (interquartile range 7, 11) days. Every 13.5 minutes of longer AT was associated with 1 extra day in hospital. The median PT was 180 minutes (interquartile range 144, 234 minutes). PT was associated with both DGF (OR 1.013 per minute, 95% CI 1.005, 1.021, p = 0.001) and SGF (OR 1.009 per minute, 95% CI 1.002, 1.016, p = 0.016). Every extra hour of PT was associated with 0.42 more days in hospital for the donor. Surgical times may be underestimated variables in dictating use of hospital resources. The effect of surgical times on long term hard outcomes entails further study.
文摘Transit-time flow technology is considered as a quality of care in bypass surgery especially in off pump revascularization. Transit time flow measurement is a real time, direct, easy and handy tool for assessment quality of anastomosis and graft blood flow.
文摘Background: Insufficient capacity for cardiac surgery results in extensive waiting time for patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Previous studies have reported a consequence of an increased risk of mortality while waiting for CABG. Identification of risk factors for mortality is important in patients waiting for CABG. Objectives: To assess mortality rates and identify risk factors for mortality of patients waiting for CABG. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was done on patients waiting for elective CABG in dr. Kariadi General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Identification of risk factors associated with mortality was done on patients who were waiting for CABG using logistic regression methods. Results: There were 162 patients fulfilling the criteria, with a mean waiting time for surgery of 9.8 months. While waiting for CABG surgery, 32 (19.7%) patients died of any cause. Independent risk factors for death while waiting for CABG included left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45% (OR 4.75;95% CI 1.76 - 12.78;p = 0.002), left main disease (OR 4.12;95% CI 1.50 - 11.27;p = 0.006), serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl (OR 3.71;95% CI 1.41 - 9.74;p = 0.008), and a number of coronary artery disease risk factors ≥ 3 (OR 3.34;95% CI 1.24 - 8.99;p = 0.017). Conclusions: Long waiting time for CABG is associated with a high mortality rate which is influenced by left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45%, left main disease, serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl, and a number of coronary arteries disease risk factors ≥ 3.
